明胶软糖的感官评价与质构分析研究

研究对市售的4种明胶保健软糖进行感官评定实验,并采用质构仪进行质地剖面检验分析(TPA)实验,探索4种明胶软糖感官评定与仪器测试之间的相关关系。研究表明:质构仪得出的硬度、弹性、咀嚼性与感官评定指标有很好的正相关性;得出了感官评定指标以仪器测定参数为变量的回归方程,该方程可以用于预测明胶软糖的硬度和弹性,结果具有很好的显著性。     

不同胶体处理椰纤果的感官评价及质构仪分析

本研究对不同胶体处理椰纤果的质构特性进行感官评定和仪器分析。选用9种不同的胶体对椰纤果进行处理,采用质地剖面检验法(Texture Profile Analysis,简写为TPA)对椰纤果进行感官评定,质构仪对椰纤果进行仪器分析,对感官评定和质构仪测定结果进行相关性分析,结果表明,质构仪测定的硬度、弹性与对应的感官指标有显著相关性。     

挂面质地的感官评定和仪器测定之间的相关性研究

为了探讨挂面质地参数的感官评定与仪器测定之间的相关性。本研究以12种由不同面粉制成的挂面为研究对象,采用质地剖面检验法进行感官评定,质构仪(压杆后屈曲、拉伸、剪切、TPA)进行仪器分析,对感官评定与质构仪测定结果进行简单相关性分析和二次回归分析。研究结果表明仪器测定出的弹性模量、断裂应力和拉伸力与感官评定结果有显著的相关性。硬度、耐咀性、剪切力与适口性、硬度与韧性均呈二次曲线关系,分别解释其变异的39.69%、65.07%、87.45%、85.51%。选取主要的仪器分析指标为自变量,感官评定指标为因变量进行多元线性回归,得到的感官评定指标的预测方程的R~2均在0.5以上。表明仪器分析能很好的反映感官评定指标,为利用质构仪测定定量表达挂面的感官质构提供理论依据。     

豆沙质地特性的感官评定与仪器分析

用质构仪对豆沙进行穿孔、剪切、全质构分析(TPA)以研究其质地特性。分析各质构参数之间的相关性,探索豆沙感官评价和仪器测定参数之间的关系,得出了感官评定指标以仪器测定参数为变量的多元线性回归模型。结果表明：除TPA测试的弹性、凝聚性外,质构仪测试的其他指标如硬度、黏着性、剪切力等均与感官指标有很好的相关性。除感官凝聚性外,穿孔、剪切、全质构分析3种质地测试方法结合使用可以对其余各感官指标进行预测,且各预测模型都有很高的显著性。     

金枪鱼质构特性与感官评价相关性研究

目的:质构是水产品品质的重要组成部分,为了对金枪鱼的质构做全面评价,采用感官评价和仪器分析两种方法探讨它们的相关性。方法:以3种金枪鱼的3个部位的鱼肉为研究对象,采用质地剖面检验法进行感官评定,用质构仪(TPA模式)进行仪器分析。结果:9个样品的感官评价和TPA分析结果都具有显著性差异(P0.05)。对金枪鱼TPA测定数据进行因子和主成分分析,得到2个主成分,累计方差贡献率为86.68%。对感官评定和仪器分析结果进行相关性分析,结果表明TPA测定结果与感官评定结果之间存在显著的相关性(r=-0.834-0.962,P0.01)。以TPA分析指标为自变量,感官评定指标为因变量进行逐步回归分析,得到具有统计意义的感官硬度、感官黏聚性、感官咀嚼性和感官多脂性的预测模型。结论:金枪鱼品质的质构仪器分析和感官评定具有很好的相关性,为质构仪在水产品品质评价上提供了理论依据。     

肉丸品质的质构与感官分析

质构是肉丸品质的决定因素,为正确合理地评价肉丸质构特性,该文对感官评定与仪器分析两种方法进行比较.选用10种市售肉丸,采用质地剖面检验法进行感官评定,质构仪(TPA模式)进行仪器分析.对肉丸质构的感官评定数据进行主成分分析(PCA),得到3个主成分,选取主成分中的主要感官指标研究肉丸感官性状,10种肉丸的感官性状差异显...     

脆肉鲩质构与感官评价的相关性研究

为了对脆肉鲩的特殊脆性进行较全面的评价,本文采用仪器的质构剖面法(TPA)和感官的质地剖面检验法对脆肉鲩和鲩鱼的质构特性进行分析。通过因子和主成分分析,TPA指标得出2个主成分,感官评定得出3个主成分。对TPA测定结果和感官评定进行相关性分析,结果表明TPA测定结果与感官评定结果之间存在显著的相关性(r=0.449～0.763,P≤0.01)。以TPA分析指标作为自变量,感官分析指标为因变量进行逐步回归分析,得到脆肉鲩的感官硬度、感官咀嚼性和感官多脂性的预测模型及鲩鱼感官硬度和感官弹性的预测模型。     

面包品质评价方法的探析

对不同面包粉制作的面包和同种面包粉制作的老化面包的感官评定指标和仪器测定指标进行相关性研究。研究表明,质构仪测试的硬度和弹性指标与感官评价的烤焙均匀度、组织结构、柔软度、综合评分密切相关。为利用质构仪测试的硬度和弹性指标量化面包感官评价的质构指标提供理论基础。     

市售台湾烤肠质地及色泽分析研究

研究对市售的14种台湾烤肠进行了感官评定、TPA质构特性检测、色差仪Lab值检测,并将感官评定结果与TPA质构特性进行了相关性分析。结果表明,不管是感官评定还是仪器测试的参数,反映出的14种样品的品质有一定的差异;TPA质构特性硬度与感官评定测定的硬度、粘聚性、咀嚼性达到了极显著相关;TPA质构特性硬度与感官评定测定的嫩度达到了显著相关;TPA质构特性咀嚼性与感官评定测定的硬度、粘聚性、咀嚼性达到了极显著相关;TPA质构特性咀嚼性与感官评定测定的嫩度达到了显著相关。     

奶糖质构性能评价方法的研究

对上海市售不同品牌奶糖的感官评定指标和质构仪测定指标进行相关性研究。研究表明,质构仪测定出的奶糖弹性、黏聚性、胶着性、咀嚼性、回复性、硬度指标与其感官评价的硬度、黏度、咀嚼性、弹性及综合评分密切相关。为利用质构仪定量表达奶糖的感官品质提供理论依据。     

COMPARISON OF TWO INSTRUMENTAL METHODS WITH SENSORY TEXTURE OF PROTEIN GELS2

The textural attributes of 8 different heat-induced protein gel preparations evaluated by torsion failure testing and Instron texture profile analysis (TPA) were compared to sensory ratings by a trained texture profile panel. The gels presented a wide range of textural properties as determined by the instrumental and sensory parameters. Among the instrumental parameters, true shear strain at failure was the most frequent and significant predictor of sensory notes. Initial shear modulus and 50% compression force had the poorest correlations with sensory notes. Comparison of the two instrumental tests produced high correlations between shear stress at failure and TPA hardness; true shear strain at failure and TPA cohesiveness; and, initial shear modulus and 50% compression force. High correlations were also observed among various panel notes. Canonical correlation analyses showed that sets of linear combinations of parameters from each one of the 3 tests (torsion, TPA or sensory) were highly correlated to sets from either of the other two. Regression equations relating each of the instrumental tests to sensory notes were developed. Of the torsion failure parameters, the logarithm of true shear strain most commonly appeared in the equations. Of the TPA parameters, cohesiveness and its logarithm were the terms that were most frequent. High R² values were obtained for regression equations developed for predicting torsion failure parameters based on TPA parameters.     

加州鲈腌制品仪器分析与感官评价相关性研究

目的研究鱼肉质构特性及其仪器测定和感官结果的相关性。方法选用不同腌制时间的加州鲈样品进行仪器质地剖面分析(texture profile analysis,TPA)和感官评价。结果主成分分析实验中,鲈鱼腌制品TPA指标和感官评价指标分别得出2个主成分,累计方差贡献率分别达87.39%和82.17%;腌制时间为2 h时,TPA指标值和感官评价较优。相关性分析结果表明,感官粘聚性与TPA咀嚼性、TPA胶黏性具有显著负相关性(P0.05,r=-0.713;P0.01,r=-0.834),感官胶黏性与TPA硬度显著正相关(P0.05,r=0.805)。结论选取感官指标为因变量,TPA指标为自变量进行逐步回归分析,得到具有统计学意义的感官粘聚性和胶黏性的预测方程,为鲈鱼腌制品在品质评价上的预测提供了依据。     

CHARACTERIZATION OF THE TEXTURAL PROPERTIES OF SPREADABLE PEANUT BASED PRODUCTS 1

Textural characteristics of two peanut butter samples and one peanut paste sample were determined using three instrumental methods and a texture profile panel. In Method A, a penetrometer with a cone-shaped probe attachment was used. Method B involved the use of a plunger attached to the crosshead of the Instron Universal Testing Machine. Method C was a modified texture profile analysis (TPA). Instrumental measures show that peanut paste was the hardest, exhibited the greatest adhesive force but the least time to break the peanut column, and was the least cohesive. All instrumental methods were acceptable but TPA provided more information than the two other methods in describing texture. The panel rated the paste as firmest, least adhesive, spread least on the tongue, least smooth, most grainy, and most difficult to swallow. Significant correlations were found between several instrumental measures and sensory characteristics.     

Methodological developments in bread staling assessment: application to enzyme-supplemented brown pan bread

In this study, texture profile analysis (TPA) at 40 and 80% compression and a newly proposed penetration test were used to evaluate the effects of amylolytic and non-amylolytic enzymes on the textural properties of fresh and stored brown pan breads. The correlations between instrumental parameters and sensory attribute results obtained by a trained panel of assessors were also investigated. Comparison of the results obtained through TPA at the two compression rates was very useful, as the 40% compression TPA hardly reflected the changes that took place in the enzyme-supplemented bread samples over a storage time of 20 days. The penetration curve profiles provided very valuable information, which complemented the TPA for the purposes of assessing bread ageing and the effect of adding enzymes.     

Comparison of Sensory and Instrumental Texture Profile Techniques for the Evaluation of Beef and Beef-Soy Loaves

Relationships among sensory texture profile parameters, among values for textural parameters obtained through different methods of interpreting instrumental texture profile analysis (TPA) curves obtained with an Instron, and between sensory and instrumental TPA values were examined for beef and beef-soy loaves. The only singificant relationship among sensory parameters was between cohesiveness and springiness. Although a number of significant relationships existed between the various methods of interpreting instrumental parameters, a number of these were associated with secondary parameters having common primary parameters. A strong relationship was found between sensory springiness and adjusted downstroke cohesiveness. Sensory cohesiveness was related both to this instrumental parameter and to downstroke cohesiveness. Chewiness values calculated for these two methods for obtaining cohesiveness values showed strong negative associations with sensory fracturability scores.     

A comparison between two methods (Warner-Bratzler and texture profile analysis) for testing either raw meat or cooked meat

Two methods for assessing texture characteristics of meat (Warner-Bratzler (WB) - and texture profile analysis (TPA)), both performed either on raw or on cooked meat, were tested in 96 samples of m. longissimus dorsi muscle of eight heifers and eight bulls, aged 1, 3 or 6 days post-mortem. A sensory analysis was also performed on 96 samples. Sensory variates were predicted by instrumental variates as follows: hardness was better predicted by TPA than by WB; springiness was only predicted by WB; juiciness was only significantly predicted by TPA; greasiness was always poorly predicted, but the prediction was better with TPA, and the number of chewings was also better predicted with TPA. Results suggested the convenience of performing a TPA for assessing meat texture as, in cooked meat, only TPA furnished highly significant correlations for hardness, for juiciness and for the number of chewings. Although WB could predict hardness and springiness, only the equation for the prediction of the number of chewings was useful (r(2)=0.171, P<0.004). It seems that texture parameters, assessed by a TPA and performed on cooked meat, are the best predictors of sensory texture in bovine meat.