开孔转盘塔(RPDC)分散相滞存率及液滴直径分布的研究

本文在无传质条件下研究了RPDC内乳液-水体系的流体力学性能。测定了塔内分散相滞存率x,考察了塔几何条件及操作条件对x及特性速度u_6的影响。采用因次分析法,建立了x及u_o与塔几何条件及操作条件间的经验关联式。并采用摄影法,对分散相液滴直径d_滴及其分布进行了初步研究。实验结果表明,d_滴的分布可用上限对数正态分布来描述。     

新型填料塔轴向混合的研究

对新型高孔隙率填料金属鲍尔环和金属环矩鞍的单相水流的轴向混合特性进行了实验研究。实验采用非理想脉冲注入的“扰动-响应”技术,用探针式比色计和微机实时数据采集系统检测数据。 对Gunn提出的概率模型进行了分析,对其模型参数进行了关联,并提出了新型填料的模型参数计算方法。利用实验数据对模型在新型填料上的应用情况进行了检验。     

基于均龄理论高效计算萃取塔轴向混合分布

在验证了CFD单相流场模拟的基础上,采用均龄理论计算了中试转盘塔内的轴向混合分布,并将计算结果和理论平均停留时间以及组分输运模型计算值进行对比。结果表明:均龄理论能准确预测转盘塔内的轴向混合信息,且其计算时间只需数十秒,远小于传统组分输运模型所需的两周时间,具有低计算量的特点;同时均龄理论克服了传统组分输运模型无法模拟轴向混合空间分布的缺陷,为萃取塔内部结构优化提供了更多信息,是一种高效的模拟方法。后续均龄理论模拟结果的分析预示着转盘塔内的流动近似呈现出级内全混、级间平推的特点,符合萃取操作的需求;而相对于转盘间良好的混合作用,静环间存在明显的流动死区,造成一定的非理想性,其结构有待于进一步的优化。     

由转盘塔内连续相溶质浓度轴向分布 估算传质系数和轴向混合系数的研究

根据转盘萃取塔内连续相溶质浓度的轴向分布进行了参数估算.在估算中应用液滴尺寸分布,将带轴向混合的柱塞流模型应用于塔内连续相,将前混模型应用于分散相.参数估算结果表明:应用d_(32)所获得的连续相轴向混合系数E_c和传质系数k_c的估算值比应用液滴尺寸分布所得的E_c、k_c的估算值偏高;如果忽略液滴生成过程传质的影响,k_c的估算值略有增加,而E_c的估算值则明显偏高.     

用计算流体力学方法研究转盘塔内的流场

利用计算流体力学（ＣＦＤ） 方法, 以水为连续相, 对三种不同规模的转盘萃取塔（ＲＤＣ）内的单相流动的流场进行模拟。计算结果表明, 随着塔径的增加, 级内混合减弱, 级间的返混增加。对于φ２ ．４ ｍ 的工业转盘塔, 存在约５０ ％ 的径向死区以及２０ ％ 左右的轴向死区。     

填料塔内轴向混合的研究

在充填阶梯环填料的有机玻璃塔内，采用非理想脉冲示踪技术及两点检测法，测定空气和不同粘度水溶液系统的液相停留时间分布。用加权矩量法处理实验数据，得到了泛点以上Ｐｅ准数与粘度校正因子及气液相流速间的关系。     

开孔转盘塔分散相滞存率及液滴直径分布的研究

本文在无传质条件下研究了开孔转盘塔(RPDc)内乳液—水体系(W/O/W)的流体力学性能。测定了塔内分散相滞存率x,考察了塔几何条件及操作条件对分散相滞存率x及特性速度U_o的影响。采用因次分析法,建立了x及U_o与塔几何条件及操作条件间的经验关联式。并采用摄影法,对分散相液滴直径及其分布进行了初步研究。实验结果表明,分散相液滴直径的分布可用上限对数正态分布来描述。     

粘度对填料塔内轴向混合的影响

在充填塑料阶梯环填料的有机玻璃塔内，采用非理想脉冲示踪技术及两点检测法，测定空气和不同粘度水溶液系统的液相停留时间分布，用加权矩量法处理实验数据，得到了泛点以下Ｐｅ准数与粘度校正及气液相流速间的关系。     

几种旋转式反应注射混合元件混合性能的实验研究

在深入分析旋转式Kenics混合元件混合机理基础上开发出两种新型混合元件,将这两种混合元件与Kenics混合元件的混合性能进行实验对比。结果表明,开发的螺纹元件能够取得与Kenics混合元件相近的混合效果,所得制件表面质量最好;而交错平板元件混合效果差,反应不均匀,反应速度慢;旋转式Kenics混合元件的螺旋结构产生的拉伸和剪切在混合过程中起主要作用,交错平板结构的分割作用是次要的。     

ANALYSIS OF AXIAL MIXING IN A GAS-LIQUID RECIPROCATING PLATE COLUMN

Axial mixing in the continuous phase in a Landau reciprocating-plate column (LRPC) has been investigated for both single-phase and two-phase gas-liquid flow conditions. A hydrodynamic model is proposed in which axial mixing is described as a process consisting of a backflow through the plate plus longitudinal mixing within the stage. The region in the proximity of the plates is almost perfectly mixed, beyond which there is a low-intensity mixing zone that varies in height and degree of mixing depending on phase velocities as well as the plates design and oscillation velocity. The presence of the dispersed phase affects axial mixing in both the well- and poorly mixed regions of each stage in two opposite ways: it decreases the backflow between the stages due to the hindrance effect caused by the presence of gas bubbles, and it increases the axial dispersion coefficient in the second stage by increasing the turbulence and phase entrainment caused by circulation and bubbles rising. The model adjustable parameters were determined from an experimentally measured dispersion coefficient over a wide range of operating conditions using the transient tracer injection method. The predictions of the model compare favorably with experimental data and can be applied for describing axial mixing in the continuous phase in an LRPC with±14% accuracy.     

ON THE MOMENT COEFFICIENT CALCULATION OF A ROTATING DISK IN A TURBULENT FLUID FLOW

Mixing in co-rotating sinusoidal cavity flows is studied with period, T, and phase shift, a, as parameters. Notice that the main obstacle to uniform mixing is the existence of stable :ower periodic orbits, mixing windows, where uniform mixing takes place, are found in the T— a space u:iing bifurcation analysis. The main advantage of this method is a great saving of the computation time.     

LIQUID PHASE MIXING IN A SLURRY BUBBLE COLUMN WITH DRAFT TUBE

In this work we characterize liquid phase mixing in a 150 L bubble column with a draft tube (internal airlift configuration) for a water-air-sand system at high solid concentrations. Liquid mixing is assessed by measuring the evolution of sodium chloride concentration after a pulse of concentrated NaCl solution is injected. Tracer concentrations were measured by means of electrical conductivity probes. The experimental set up consists of a 0.29 m internal diameter, 3 m length Plexiglas column with a conical bottom (cone apex angle of 60°) and a concentric draft tube with 0.14 m internal diameter and 2 m length. The gas superficial velocity based on the cross section of the column vaired from 0.057 to 0.22 m/s. Sand particles of 280 μm in average size were used, with slurry concentrations ranging from 120 to 500 kg/m³. From the tracer outputs, circulation time (time between peaks of the response curve) and mixing time (time required to achieve a 95% homogeneous solution) were determined after the pulse had been injected. The experimental data were analyzed by means of a tank in series model with recirculation. The circulation and mixing times were found to increase with solids concentration, and to decrease as the riser gas velocity was increased. The circulation limes were larger in continuous operation than in semibatch mode. The results show that the system has equivalent dispersion coefficients that are one order of magnitude lower than those found in a conventional bubble column.     

翼型轴流桨的混合性能及其在工业发酵罐中的应用

对新型轴流桨－翼型桨的混合性能进行了系统研究，结果表明，翼型桨具有剪切性能温和，输送效率高，混合迅速，低能耗以及传质系数高等优点。这种桨叶已成功地应用于赤霉素、井岗霉素等工业发酵罐。     

影响转盘塔萃取效果的因素分析

详细分析影响转盘萃取塔工作的有关因素,采取相应措施,保证了萃取效果。     

FLOW OF A NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID WITH HEAT TRANSFER ABOVE A ROTATING DISK CONSIDERING THE ION SLIP

The steady flow and heat transfer of a conducting non-Newtonian fluid due to the rotation of an infinite nonconducting disk in the presence of an axial uniform steady magnetic field are studied considering the ion slip. The governing nonlinear equations are solved numerically using finite differences, and the solution shows that the ion slip and the non-Newtonian fluid characteristics give some interesting results.     

翼形轴流桨用于液液分散的冷模研究

翼形桨是新一代高效轴向流叶轮。本文将这类叶轮用于液液分散的冷模试验，测定了基本流型及其造成的液滴大小分布，研究了分散特性与搅拌功率的关系，并与传统叶轮比较了搅拌混合的综合性能。     

AXIAL DISTRIBUTION OF SOLID PARTICLES IN BUBBLE COLUMN SLURRY REACTORS IN THE BUBBLE FLOW REGIME

Physical mechanisms responsible for the suspension of solid particles in semi-batch bubble column slurry reactors in bubble flow are identified, thus allowing the classification of solids into four states: free, engaged, wake-entrained and captured particles. A theory is then presented to predict the axial distribution of solids when wake-entrained and captured particles are absent. Reasonable agreement is found between the theory and experimental data obtained in this work and those reported by otherinvestigators.