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脱磷专用转炉通常采用脱磷氧枪促进化渣,提高脱磷率,实现铁水预脱磷。设计了马赫数为1.9、氧枪流量为14500m3/h的4孔脱磷氧枪,利用Fluent软件模拟了脱磷氧枪的速度场、温度场和密度场等分布。模拟发现:4孔脱磷氧枪在枪位为1.5m时,射流速度约为115m/s,当射流速度为100m/s时,最大射流半径为0.28m。在此基础上,将脱磷氧枪用于120t脱磷专用转炉的生产过程,取得了良好的冶炼效果:可控制脱磷终点温度为1370℃左右;转炉终点碳的质量分数大于2.8%时能满足脱碳炉热量要求;半钢磷的质量分数平均可达到0.018%,平均脱磷率可达到79.2%。与传统单渣工艺相比,采用此工艺不仅能降低炼钢终点磷含量,也能保证脱磷的稳定性。 相似文献
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转炉具备冶炼低磷钢的生产能力,但生产超低磷9Ni钢,转炉脱磷工艺仍然是主要难点和研究重点。分析了钢水温度、炉渣碱度、FeO和渣量等对转炉脱磷的影响规律,并结合现场工装设备条件,对转炉双联法、三渣法、双渣法3种脱磷模式进行试验对比。双联脱磷工艺半钢温降大、单炉周期长、生产组织难度大,三渣法操作过程复杂、终点磷控制优势不明显。双渣法冶炼周期短,通过优化转炉脱磷工艺,实现了采用双渣法冶炼工艺生产超低磷钢,简化了超低磷钢转炉冶炼流程,提高了生产效率。研究了转炉脱磷主要工艺参数,分析得出采用脱碳氧枪喷头时,供氧流量按脱碳吹炼流量的83.5%控制,可达到良好的脱磷效果并减少铁水碳的烧损;脱磷期半钢碳含量不宜控制过低,半钢碳质量分数为3.0%~3.5%时能保证前期的脱磷效果和脱碳期的热量。脱磷期温度控制在1 300~1 350 ℃,脱磷率较高也有利于炉渣熔化。炉渣碱度为1.8~2.2时,可保证较高的脱磷率和化渣效果。一次倒渣量40%以上,脱碳期终点温度按1 590~1 610 ℃控制,终渣FeO质量分数不小于20%,终渣碱度大于6,转炉终点磷质量分数可降低到0.002%以下。采用下渣检测系统和滑板挡渣操作,严格控制下渣量,出钢采用磷含量低的合金,炉后钢水增磷可控制在小于0.000 5%。通过工业试验,实现了铸机成品磷质量分数小于0.002%。 相似文献
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为满足用户对钢中磷含量的要求,攀钢采用“双渣法”转炉脱磷工艺开展脱磷试验,并根据生产条件和转炉工艺特点考察转炉脱磷专用氧枪的实际使用效果。试验中,转炉工艺冶炼前期低温脱磷,后期脱碳升温,吹炼前期采用低供氧强度脱磷喷枪,倒渣时切换为常规吹炼喷枪。在吹炼脱磷前期结束扒渣后,熔池中的w([P])下降至0040%以下,脱磷率为47.9%。在试验终点钢水中的w([P])均在0.010%以下,波动范围在0.006%~0.010%,w([P])的平均值是0.0081%。终点脱磷率波动范围是84.4%~92%,平均值是88.3%。 相似文献
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京唐公司炼钢系统铁水转炉预脱磷及“全三脱”铁水少渣冶炼工艺不断进行技术优化,脱磷转炉通过优化废钢尺寸、底吹枪数量和排布,半钢脱磷率可达到70%;铁水经过脱磷转炉脱硅、脱磷后,温度和磷质量分数更加稳定,为脱碳转炉少渣冶炼、自动化炼钢终点双命中率的提高提供了先决条件;脱碳转炉通过采用留渣操作、少渣冶炼技术、溅渣护炉技术后,自动化命中率达到90%以上,炉龄达到7 000炉以上;炼钢车间内渣钢、除尘灰、氧化铁皮等含铁物料实现了自循环消耗。采用“全三脱”铁水冶炼工艺,钢种质量进一步提高,超低磷与超低硫钢中(S+P+N)元素质量分数可稳定控制在0.009 5%以下。 相似文献
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福建三钢闽光股份有限公司炼钢厂针对铁水锰含量的高低对转炉冶炼的影响进行探讨分析,从理论上分析了铁水锰对转炉化渣的影响,提出了低锰(锰0.20%)铁水冶炼的应对措施,通过枪位和供氧流量的优化以及锰矿等化渣材料的加入有效地促进了前期化渣,稳定了冶炼过程控制,确保生产顺行。 相似文献
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倪志安 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2011,23(3)
马克思主义唯物论是一种物本主义形态的唯物论,还是一种超越物本主义形态、从实践理解世界的本质相关问题的实践的唯物主义的唯物论?这是一个我们必须搞清楚的有关马克思主义唯物论的本质规定性和精神实质的重大问题.在考察物本主义的唯物论及其思维方式的局限性的基础上,揭示了马克思主义唯物论是现代的、实践的唯物主义,并重点研讨了马克思主义唯物论关于从实践理解世界的物质性和自然世界的先在性的原理,以期为马克思主义唯物论进一步阐明人类世界的实践性原理奠定基础. 相似文献
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D. N. Reznikov 《Metallurgist》1962,6(12):535-537
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The data are presented on changes in the rat arcuate nuclear neuron ultrastructure after using cyproheptadine (peritol, Egyt Pharmaceutical Works, Hungary) in a water suspension at a dose of 20 mg/kg once daily during 7 successive days and twice a day within 10 days. It was shown that cyproheptadine decreases the functional activity of the arcuate nuclear neurons, depending on the total amount of the drug used. Cyproheptadine-induced inhibition of the forming neurohormone release from neurons is likely to be one of the mechanisms of its therapeutic effect in Itsenko-Cushing's disease. 相似文献
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Vasomotor responses from the nasal mucosa and tongue, and contractions of the nictitating membrane, were recorded on stimulation of the cervical sympathetic or internal carotid nerves. Preganglionic sympathetic nerve fibres which elicited a membrane response possessed a lower threshold than those which evoked nasal vasoconstriction, while the latter displayed a lower threshold than fibres which evoked tongue vasoconstriction. The sympathetic vasodilator fibres to the tongue whose activity was revealed after alpha-receptor blockade, had a similar threshold to the vasoconstrictor fibres. Membrane contraction, nasal vasoconstriction and occasionally tongue vasoconstriction could be evoked by stimulating the internal carotid nerve. The postganglionic fibres innervating the nasal mucosa had a similar threshold to those of the nictitating membrane, which may indicate that there are small myelinated fibres innervating the mucosa. The preganglionic compound nerve action potential had four major components, S1-S4. S1, S2 and usually S3 fibres were associated with membrane contraction; S2, S3 and sometimes S1 fibres were associated with nasal vasoconstriction; and S3, usually S2 and occasionally S1 fibres were associated with vasoconstriction in the tongue. It is concluded that each of these three groups of nerve fibres, but not S4 fibres, may include fibres associated functionally with the three effectors. There was a considerable difference between the relative amplitude of the responses of the three effectors elicited by stimulation of the cervical sympathetic nerve at frequencies between 0.2 and 2 Hz. Vasoconstrictor responses were relatively larger than membrane contractions suggesting differences in the mechanisms of neurotransmission at the neuroeffector junctions. 相似文献
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