移动Ad hoc网络可靠多路径路由协议的综述

分析研究了移动Adhoc网络（MANET）的可靠多路径路由协议,可靠多路径路由协议的主要目标是提供可靠的通信、以确保负载平衡以及提高服务质量（QoS）。本文分析了Adhoc网络多路径路由技术的研究进展,论述了典型的Adhoc网络多路径路由协议性能,最后对Adhoc网络多路径路由的发展趋势进行了展望。     

基于AOMDV的多径路由协议改进及仿真分析

Ad Hoc网络是由一些移动节点组成、拓扑结构复杂且动态变化的自组织网络。网络中没有固定的网络基础设施,对路由协议要求较高。通过在每个节点的路由表和发送接收包中增加能量参数等措施,提出基于AOMDV的多路径路由协议改进方案PE-AOMDV协议,最后在NS2仿真平台上实现对改进的AOMDV多路径路由协议仿真分析。仿真结果表明：与AOMDV协议相比,新的基于能量的多路径路由协议PE-AOMDV的传输时延和路由开销都有所降低,并提高了分组投递率,从而提高了网络性能。     

移动Ad hoc网络多路径路由技术研究

相对于单路径路由而言,多路径路由在容错、路由可靠性、QoS路由等方面有很多优势。因此,为了进一步提高移动Ad Hoc网络的路由质量,多路径路由问题逐渐成为了近年来的一个研究热点。首先在分析传统的单路径路由协议的特点和不足的基础上,阐述了多路径路由的基本概念及其分类,以及多路径路由的优势。然后介绍了移动Ad hoc网络中多路径路由技术的最新研究进展,并对有关多径路由协议进行了评述。     

基于AODV的Ad Hoc网络多路径路由协议

Ad Hoc网络因具备无需基础设施的灵活性,使其越来越得到重视,但因受无线带宽有限、节点频繁移动、电池能量制约的影响,移动Ad Hoc网络民用化仍面临很多挑战。文章在全面分析Ad Hoc网络路由协议的基础上,为了避免节点频繁移动而造成网络资源浪费,提出了基于AODV协议的多路径路由协议TRND-AODV,并分析了使用OPNET仿真平台得出的仿真结果。仿真结果表明当网络负载较大时,多路径路由协议在时延等多方面性能显著提高。     

基于移动自组织网络的路由技术研究

分析移动自组网路由协议特点,提出路由协议设计时所需具备的相关要求。根据当前路由协议发展及研究现状,从路由策略角度分四大类对移动自组网路由协议进行详细阐述。结合传统单路径路由协议在工作过程中表现出的诸多不足,阐述多路径路由协议工作原理、分类及优势,提出未来移动自组网路由协议将向多路径路由协议发展。详细分析并对比当前常见几个多路径路由协议,指出还需对多路径路由协议进行有效研究并与实际应用相结合,进而拓展并提升移动自组网在社会工作生活中的实际应用。     

基于Ad Hoc的多路径路由协议研究

分析Ad Hoc网络中单路径路由协议和多路径路由协议的特点,指出当前Ad Hoc网络中多路径路由协议的研究进展。对当前已有的几种典型多路径路由协议进行介绍分析,得出在多路径路由协议设计时所面临的各种问题,为今进一步研究基于Ad Hoc的多路径路由协议提供重要参考。     

移动自组织网络中多路径并行传输研究

随着移动自组织网络的发展,在其网络上运行的业务越来越多,其中对多媒体实时业务以及大流量的视频业务对网络要求较高,为了解决该类业务对延时和带宽的要求,结合移动自组织网络的特点,参考移动自组织网络的多路径路由协议AOMDV,提出了一种链路稳定的多路径并发传输路由机制以及基于链路稳定的数据分组的流量分配方案AOMDV-SPC.基于NS2对AOMDV-SPC进行仿真,仿真结果证明了AOMDV-SPC路径协议的有效性.     

Ad Hoc网络基于能源熵的多路径安全路由协议

由于节点是随机移动的,且其电池容量有限,在无线Ad Hoc网络(自组织网络)中减少能源消耗以延长网络生存期、保证节点的安全性是研究多路径路由中的主要问题。文章分析了AODV(基于距离矢量单路径按需路由)协议和AOMDV(基于距离矢量多路径按需路由)协议的一些基本特点,在考虑安全网格定位服务的基础上,结合能源熵,提出了一种新的安全多路径路由协议-EEBSMRP。仿真计算结果表明,EEBSMRP在发现最小的节点能源消耗路由、平衡各个节点能源利用率、延长整个网络生存期以及安全性方面有较大的改进。     

移动流媒体并行多路传输机制研究

随着我国移动终端的多样化以及人们对网络需求的不断增长,我国移动网络数据的传输数量在近5年增长迅速。然而人们利用移动终端进行网络传输时,通常会受到网络带宽、网络拥塞、网络时延等因素的影响。传统的传输控制协议(Transmission Control Protocol, TCP)与用户数据报协议(User Datagram Protocol, UDP)使用单条路径进行网络传输,已不能很好地满足人们对高速率、实时播放、大吞吐量等网络传输的需求。为了解决这一问题,文章提出一种移动流媒体并行多路传输机制,即多路径传输协议(Multipath Transmission Control Protocol, MPTCP)。该协议可充分发挥多路径传输特性,一方面优化了网络传输的性能,另一方面提高了用户的体验感。     

基于MANET的多路径路由协议分析与仿真

移动自组网MANET是由许多移动节点组成的无中心的、多跳的自组织网络,网络中的节点由于移动和能量耗尽可能会使得路径失效,因此传统的单路径协议效率并不高。本文介绍了自组网中最常用的AODV协议,重点对AOMDV多路径路由协议的路由机制和维护管理进行了探讨。最后使用NS2仿真软件对两种协议进行了比较,结果表明,在分组投递率和端到端延时方面,AOMDV比AODV更具优势。     

基于神经网络均衡器的小波包多载波扩频系统

在多径衰落信道下,本文提出了一种基于神经网络均衡器的小波包多载波扩频系统(Neural Network Equalizers Wavelet Packet Spread Spectrum,NNE-WPSS).本文利朋基于最小均方算法(Least Mean Square algorithm,LMS)的复径向基函数神经网络均衡器(Complex Radial Basis Function Network Equalizers,CRBF)来抑制由多径衰落信道引起的码间干扰(Inter-Symbol Interference,ISI)并且利用最大似然算法对解调后的码元进行检测.在多径衰落信道和白高斯噪声情况下,本文分析了基于神经网络均衡器的新型小波包多载波扩频系统的传输性能.仿真结果表明,本文所提出的基于神经网络均衡器的新型小波包多载波扩频系统的性能要优于传统的基于正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)多载波扩频系统;本文提出的复径向基函数神经网络均衡器(CRBF)的性能也优于迫零均衡器(Zero-Forcing Equalizer,ZFE).     

无线ad hoc网络中多路径负载平衡性能分析

提出了一种新颖的分析模型来计算无线ad hoc网络中多路径情况下的负载。该模型考虑到多路径的数目、路由的选取方法以及网络中节点的密度等条件，能够对不同网络条件下的负载进行较好的分析与理论计算。仿真结果与理论计算有良好的一致性，结果表明在无线ad hoc网络中简单地使用多路径路由并不能有效地平衡网络负载。这一结论与目前普遍认定的结论（在无线ad hoc网络中使用多路径路由和在有线网络中使用多路径路由一样，可以很好地平衡网络负载、增加网络的吞吐量）是不一致的。     

AMR:一个基于网络最大流的Ad-Hoc多路径路由算法

移动Ad-Hoc网路研究中,路由是一个关键问题.现有的Ad-Hoc路由算法大多为单路径算法.但是多路径方法可以更好地支持QoS,最近也受到较大关注.在没有精确的网络拓扑结构情况下,找出多条不相交路径是比较困难的.本文提出了一个基于网络最大流的Ad-Hoc多路径路由算法AMR(Aggregated multipath routing).该算法可以有效地找出多条节点不相交的路径,较大幅度地提高网络传输性能、减少网络拥塞.经过性能测试,表明AMR算法比DSR算法在数据传输率方面提高20%—60%,端对端平均延迟降低40%—60%.     

基于AODV的无线多媒体传感器网络路由协议

研究了AODV路由协议,分析了多路径路由实现机制,提出了一种可应用于无线多媒体传感器网络的能量均衡多路径AODV路由协议。该协议建立从源节点到目的节点的多条路径,在路径的选择上综合考虑了路径跳数和节点剩余能量,用以保证负载均衡,延长网络生存期,该算法使用了分流的方式避免拥塞。通过使用NS2仿真软件对EEMP-AODV路由协议进行仿真,结果显示其在拥塞避免、实时性、吞吐量和网络生存期方面的性能有明显提升。     

MPLS网络中保证服务质量的多径路由选择策略

本文提出了一种在多协议标签交换(MPLS, Multiple Protocol Label Switching) 网络中保证服务质量 (QoS,Quality-of-Service) 的多径路由选择策略,其核心思想是引入多路径分散业务量机制,在保证用户服务质量要求的同时达到增加网络呼叫接受率和平衡网络负载的目的.文中着重讨论了用户端对端服务质量要求的多路分解和分配问题,在此基础上提出了多径路由的分支路径选择策略,并研究了策略中的关键参数K对该策略性能的影响.数值结果显示出多路径分散业务量在网络负载均衡方面的重要意义,并且表明用户的要求相对网络资源越高使用多径传输的优势越明显.     

Receiver Design for Uplink Multiuser Code Division Multiple Access Communication System Based on Neural Network

In this paper, we consider the receiver design problem for the uplink multiuser code division multiple access (CDMA) communication system based on the neural network technique. The uplink multiuser CDMA communication system model is described in the form of space–time domain through antenna array and multipath fading expression. Novel suitable neural network technique is proposed as an effective signal processing method for the receiver of such an uplink multiuser CDMA system. By the appropriate choice of the channel state information for the neural network parameters, the neural network can collectively resolve the effects of both the inter-symbol interference due to the multipath fading channel and the multiple access interference in the receiver of the uplink multiuser CDMA communication system. The dynamics of the proposed neural network receiver for the uplink multiuser CDMA communication system is also studied.     

Banyan multipath self-routing ATM switches with shared buffer typeswitch elements

The asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) has been selected as the multiplexing and switching technique for use in the public broadband ISDN (B-ISDN). We propose a large-scale ATM switch architecture in which a banyan multipath self-routing network is combined advantageously with a shared buffer type switch element. The proposed banyan space-division concept yields a simple architecture having the potential to accommodate easily the growth of switch size. Since the interconnection network between switch modules or between switch elements has a twofold banyan architecture, expansion in crosspoints or interconnections with the increase of switch size can be lessened. The multipath self-routing concept makes the switch performance better and leads to an efficient realization of a switch element on a single chip as the fundamental building block of a large-size switch. We analyze the required capacity for queuing buffers in the switching network. The multipath approach inevitably creates information sequence disturbances. Therefore, we also analyze the out-of-sequence phenomenon of a banyan multipath switching system. To satisfy the sequence integrity requirement for ATM, a simple approach is proposed for the multipath switch by using a spacing controller. In addition, we quantify the improvement of out-of-sequence performance under the spacing controller scheme     

Routing Technology in Wireless Sensor Network Based on Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm

With rapid development of wireless communication, sensor, micro power system and electronic technology, the research on wireless sensor network has attracted more and more attention. The work proposed routing algorithm in wireless sensor network based on ant colony optimization by analyzing routing protocol and utilizing advanced idea. Ant colony optimization algorithm has advantages in implementing local work, supporting multiple paths and integrating link quality into pheromone formation. In routing selection, the work calculated probability that node is selected as the next hop according to pheromone concentration on the path. With characteristics including self-organization, dynamic and multipath, ant colony optimization algorithm is suitable for routing in wireless sensor network. With low routing cost, good adaptability and multipath, the algorithm balanced energy consumption to prolong network lifetime. In terms of simulation and experiments, ant colony algorithm was proved to be suitable for finding optimal routing in wireless sensor network, thus achieving design goal of routing algorithm.     

Non-SPF routing algorithm based on ordered semi-group preference algebra

Layer 2 network technology is extending beyond its traditional local area implementation and finding wider acceptance in provider's metropolitan area networks and large-scale cloud data center networks. This is mainly due to its plug-and-play capability and native mobility support. Many efforts have been put to increase the bisection bandwidth in layer 2 network, which has been constrained by the spanning tree protocol (STP) that layer 2 network uses for preventing looping. The recent trend is to incorporate layer 3's routing approach into layer 2 network so that multiple paths can be used for forwarding traffic between any source-destination (S-D) node pair. Equal cost multipath (ECMP) is one such example. However, ECMP may still be limited in generating multiple paths due to its shortest path (lowest cost) requirement. In this paper, we consider a non-shortest-path routing approach, called equal preference multipath (EPMP) based on ordered semi group theory, which can generate more paths than ECMP. In EPMP routing, all the paths with different traditionally-defined costs, such as hops, bandwidth, etc., can be determined equally now and thus they become equal candidate paths. By the comparative tests with ECMP, EPMP routing not only generates more paths, provides 15% higher bisection bandwidth, but also identifies bottleneck links in a hierarchical network when different traffic patterns are applied. EPMP is more flexible in controlling the number and length of multipath generation. Simulation results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. It is a good reference for non-blocking running of big datacenter networks.