过程层析成像技术综述

过程层析成像（Process Tomography,简称PT）技术经过十多年的发展已逐步走向成熟,从实验室研究进入到工业应用研究阶段。本文将简要介绍PT技术与医学成像（CT）技术的区别、及其特点和组成：PT技术的研究和发展现状;应用于工业过程的监测与控制的前景和所需要解决的问题。     

MT,PT无损检测技术在燃气管道中的应用策略

在燃气管道焊接缺陷检测中，MT和PT是最常用的2种无损检测技术。为实现这两项技术在具体燃气管道缺陷检测中的良好应用，本文特对其应用策略进行分析，包括MT和PT技术概述、燃气工程管道中的MT无损检测技术应用策略和PT无损检测技术应用策略。希望通过本次的分析，可以为MT技术、PT技术的应用与燃气管道无损检测工作质量的提升提供科学参考。     

第十七讲：面向工业无线网络的国密算法应用技术

随着网络技术的发展和国家政策的开放,无线通信技术已经成为了工业控制系统智能化升级的必要技术。然而现有的工业无线通信系统安全防护能力不足,重要生产数据一旦被窃取,将产生巨大的经济损失,这给无线通信技术在工业控制系统的推广和应用带了巨大挑战。本文从工业网络无线通信过程中的设备认证、数据传输、数据完整性和不可抵赖性等环节进行了安全性分析,并研究了面向工业无线网络的国密算法应用技术及其实现方式。     

切削过程中的智能技术

切削过程是非常复杂的加工过程,在切削过程中涉及物理学、化学、力学、材料学、振动学、摩擦学、传热学等多学科多领域的相关知识与理论,对于切削过程的控制一直以来是切削研究的重点。随着加工技术不断发展与工业4.0时代的到来,切削过程的智能加工技术已经成为切削研究的热点,在切削过程中应用智能加工技术是必然的发展趋势。阐述智能加工技术的内涵、应用智能加工技术的流程,并对智能加工技术所涉及的关键技术进行说明。论述了学者们应用智能加工技术在仿真优化、切削过程状态监测与优化控制等方面的研究成果。通过分析智能加工技术的应用前景与存在问题,指出了智能加工技术尚待解决的主要科学问题及关键技术。智能加工是加工技术的发展方向,智能加工技术在切削过程中的应用一定会带来制造业的又一次技术革命。     

激光焊接技术的研究现状与应用

激光焊接是激光加工材料加工技术应用的重要方面之一。以美国、欧盟、日本为首的工业发达国家非常重视激光技术的发展与应用,都将激光技术列入国家发展计划中,投以巨资。目前激光焊应用领域主要有：制造业、粉末冶金、汽车工业、电子工业、生物医学、航空航天工业、造船工业等。本文对激光焊接技术的概况、国内外激光焊接技术的研究现状、激光焊接技术的应用、激光焊接技术的发展趋势等方面进行了综述。希望对激光焊接技术的研究现状与应用有一个比较全面的了解。     

结合国情加速工业控制机的研制和推广应用

一、工业控制机的发展与特点工业控制计算机是实时控制方面的重要技术工具。早在60年代前后,国外就在石油、化工、冶金、电站、造纸等工业部门对这方面技术进行探索和研究。我国也较早就将数字控制技术应用到过程检测和控制装置     

网络协同数控机床工业设计系统中的知识获取与应用研究

提出了基于知识的网络协同数控机床工业设计系统的概念,并对其中的知识和知识主体进行了研究,提出了协同机床工业设计过程的知识应用和转化模型。借助口语分析等针对设计过程的认知试验研究方法,在一个由工业设计师和机床工程师双方合作参与的典型数控机床外观造型设计试验的基础上,对机床工程师的设计思维、设计程序和所需知识体系等进行了分析,讨论了知识的内容、来源和表现形式等问题。在此基础上初步建立了数控机床工业设计知识的获取和表达体系,研究开发了一种新的设计知识应用形式——侧面轮廓草图器表达技术,并在实际设计中初步应用。     

RE&RP一体化技术在工业设计中的应用研究

阐述了反求工程和快速成型的概念,论证了反求工程和快速成型技术一体化在现代工业设计中应用的意义和模式,并从扫描模型的建立、数据采集、数据处理、CAD模型的重建、产品的再设计与快速成型技术等方面,对反求工程和快速成型一体化具体应用过程进行了比较详细的分析和研究。将反求工程与快速成型一体化技术应用于现代工业设计中,改变传统的产品开发设计、制造模式,从而大大缩短产品开发周期。     

立磨技术在水泥生产中的应用与发展

介绍了立磨技术的工作原理,从生料立磨、水泥熟料粉磨、矿渣及其他物料粉磨等方面分析了立磨技术在工业水泥生产过程中的应用,阐述了立磨技术在工业水泥生产过程中的发展趋势,为今后的立磨技术发展以及应用提供理论指导。     

基于正交激光器阵列的图像重建技术研究

介绍一种基于正交激光器阵列的工业过程层析成像(PT，Process Tomography)系统，从光学PT系统的原理出发，给出了正交传感器阵列结构以及相应的图像重建算法，包括线性反投影算法(LBP)、滤波反投影算法(FLBP)、最优化算法和代数重建技术(ART)，最后通过在仿真和实验中对各种算法的实现的结果分析了它们的特点。     

Engineering and application of a dual-modality process tomography system

Process tomography (PT) techniques have been developed rapidly for visualising the internal behaviour of industrial processes. Most tomography systems employ a single measurement technique, such as Electrical Resistance Tomography (ERT) or Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT). Although single-modality process tomography systems provide sufficient information for some applications, in other applications, e.g. three-phase flow, additional information is required. In fact, many industrial processes are complex and contain multiple components, which require multiple measurement techniques to individually quantify them. To facilitate this process, a multi-modal process tomography system must allow individual modality data to be collected and combined effectively. This paper describes opportunities for rationalisation and sharing of resources that have been exploited to create a dual-modality tomography system.     

Influence of cutting conditions of cast-metal cutting tools on their wear and durability: Analysis of cutting conditions of tools

The conditions of operation of metal-cutting tools in various applications and of various standard dimensions are analyzed. Long-standing statistical observations at a number of industrial facilities have revealed the dominating mechanisms of wear and the main causes of failure of the tools have been established in response to the conditions of their operation and design features. A range of tools has been selected for comparative durability tests in industrial conditions.     

200A三相交流接触器的无火花控制

交流接触器广泛用于各种工业领域然而，传统用法中接触器的触点经常被烧损，需要频繁维护，使用寿命短，有时甚至造成周边设备损坏，严重影响工业生产的正常运作。本文中的无火花交流接触器应用短时间电流傍路技术成功地解决了这一难题，可做到免维护使用。     

A non-contact method for detecting on-line industrial robot position errors using a microwave Doppler radar motion detector

To be useful, industrial robots must meet positioning accuracy requirements for their given applications. Off-line calibration generally improves robot positioning accuracy to levels needed for open-loop use in most industrial applications. Applications that require greater accuracy with respect to external assemblies generally turn to closed-loop control or passive compliance. However, industrial robot systems do not generally monitor in-process robot position to detect machine faults that can lead to product faults, scrap, machine damage, and additional costs. To achieve greater operational efficiencies, new non-invasive, non-contact methods for monitoring robot position are needed. The investigators developed a low-cost method for in-process industrial robot position monitoring using a Doppler motion detector and a statistical position error measure. The method detects position errors at robot repeatability levels.     

A non-contact method for detecting on-line industrial robot position errors using a microwave doppler radar motion detector

To be useful, industrial robots must meet positioning accuracy requirements for their given applications. Off-line calibration generally improves robot positioning accuracy to levels needed for open-loop use in most industrial applications. Applications that require greater accuracy with respect to external assemblies generally turn to closed-loop control or passive compliance. However, industrial robot systems do not generally monitor in-process robot position to detect machine faults that can lead to product faults, scrap, machine damage, and additional costs. To achieve greater operational efficiencies, new non-invasive, noncontact methods for monitoring robot position are needed. The investigators developed a low-cost method for in-process industrial robot position monitoring using a Doppler motion detector and a statistical position error measure. The method detects position errors at robot repeatability levels.     

基于MEMS技术的通信器件及其应用

微电子机械系统是一种新兴技术,它几乎影响着每一个科学技术领域,如交通、无线通信、航天、化学以及光波系统。目前许多工业领域期待选用微电子机械系统来解决技术上的问题。以下简述了微电子机械系统技术的基础概念、所用材料、加工工艺等;重点综述了基于MEMS技术的通信器件及其应。     

纳米颗粒粒度测量方法进展

本文介绍了测量纳米颗粒粒度时应用广泛的几种方法:透射电镜观察法(TEM观察法)、扫描电镜(SEM)观察法、X射线衍射线宽法(谢乐公式)的原理、适用范围及其优缺点。文中介绍了纳米测量技术的发展趋势并简单总结了动态光散射法、超声测量法的发展现状。动态光散射法、超声测量法具有不破坏、不干扰体系原有状态的优点,特别适用于工业化生产中产品粒径的检测。     

ITS Reconstruction Tool-Suite: An inverse algorithm package for industrial process tomography

Electrical resistance tomography (ERT) and electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) are two established process tomography techniques that can be applied into various indsutries. ERT can monitor the electrical conductivity changes in the process whereas ECT can detect the electrical dielectric materials. Due to their high-speed and low cost features, they are particularly attractive to industrial applications which require real time conditional monitoring. For the past decades, 2D linear back projection (LBP) has been the standard technique for both commercialised ERT and ECT systems because of its simplicity and fast reconstruction speed. In this paper, ITS Plc has released a 'Reconstruction Tool-Suite' software that allows industrial users to utilise different reconstruction algorithms to further understand their processes. Different algorithms are integrated into this software package including the single step Tikhonov method and the iterative Landweber method. In the latest version of the software, the full-field 3D tomography reconstruction scheme is also included, which allows the users to perform 3D reconstruction for their processes. A series of experiments are conducted to validate the pros and cons of different methods.     

Identifying and evaluating suitable tasks for autonomous industrial mobile manipulators (AIMM)

This paper investigates the application potential for the technology-push manufacturing technology (TPMT) autonomous industrial mobile manipulation (AIMM), in order to link the conceptual ideas (academia) to actual manufacturing requirements (industry). The approach is based on the proposed TPMT methodology in a comprehensive industrial case study. More than 566 manufacturing tasks have been analyzed according to three main application areas (logistics, assistance, and service) to find their suitability for the AIMM technology. The conducted TPMT analysis shows that AIMM has great potential within the manufacturing industries. More than two thirds of the analyzed manufacturing tasks are solvable with AIMM within the next few years. The AIMM technology, at its current stage, finds most suitable applications within logistics (e.g., transportation and part feeding), moving toward assistance (e.g., (pre)assembly and machine tending), and in the future more service-minded tasks (e.g., maintenance and cleaning). Based on the identified real-world applications, it is possible to raise the AIMM technology to the next levels of industrial maturation, integration, and commercialization.