Algorithmic specification of a specialized processor forspectrometric applications

The external and internal algorithmic specification of an application-specific digital signal processor under development, dedicated to spectrometric applications, is presented. The processor is intended to perform the correction of spectrometric data subject to errors of diversified origins, using sophisticated digital-signal-processing algorithms. The set of algorithms to be implemented in the processor is proposed. Its suitability for implementation in an application-specific integrated circuit is demonstrated by functional design of the corresponding processor     

Nonlinear readout signal processing using the DataWave video signalprocessor

Implementation of digital signal processing operations as part of the data acquisition process in high-energy physics detectors requires very high-speed devices. Signal processors are not typically used in these applications due to inadequate processing performance. New components developed for high-definition television (HDTV) are considered to be applicable for these purposes. By using programmable signal processors a superior reconfigurability can be obtained, as opposed to VLSI-based custom implementations. Where the algorithms are fixed when-the design has been completed. This paper presents one such processor, the DataWave video signal processor, and describes how some nonlinear algorithms for readout signal processing can be implemented with it. The operations selected include an order statistic filter structure and an FIR-order statistic hybrid (FIR-OS) filter with trainable coefficients and rank operator. Comments on the suitability of the DataWave processor for different kinds of algorithms are also given     

An integrated structure for Kalman-filter-based measurandreconstruction

The problem of improving the quality of measurand reconstruction using integration techniques for implementation of various measurement functions is addressed. An integrated specialized structure for Kalman-filter-based reconstruction of the measurand is proposed. It is designed to act as an external coprocessor for a host processor. Although intended to improve the resolution of spectrometric measurements, it may be used in other applications where similar processing of measurement signals is required. The performance of the integrated specialized structure is compared to that of the general-purpose digital signal processor DSP56001     

Incorporating control trajectories with the direct torque control scheme of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor drive

Interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous machines have gained increased attention for applications in electric vehicle, variable speed wind turbine, industrial drives, etc., because of their high torque density, wider speed range and compact construction. The authors present a detailed analysis and modelling of control trajectories and incorporate those trajectories in the direct torque control (DTC) scheme of an IPM synchronous motor drive, for constant-torque and constant-power operating regions. The control trajectories are implemented on a real-time digital signal processor. Because the inputs to the inner torque control loop of DTC are the references for the torque and the amplitude of the stator flux linkage (λ_s), they are transformed in the T-λ_s plane, than in the i_d - i_q plane in the indirect control. The modelling and experimental results are presented. Results show very good dynamic and steady-state performances of direct torque controller, incorporating these control trajectories.     

A versatile multichannel direct-synthesized electrical stimulatorfor FES applications

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) has been applied to restore or maintain the muscle activity of paralyzed patients who suffer from spinal cord injuries and related neural impairments for several decades. In this paper, a direct-synthesized arbitrary waveform stimulator for multichannel FES applications is described. A novel element-envelope method is proposed for flexible waveform generation and implemented by a digital signal processor based system. We also designed an output circuit that can provide bi-phasic, voltage-controlled, constant-current outputs while keeping high-voltage compliance and wide signal bandwidth. High time-resolution and arbitrary stimulating waveforms can thus be synthesized, and more flexible closed-loop feedback controllers can be achieved. The proposed stimulator can be considered as a full-featured electrical stimulator for various FES applications with its flexibility in pattern generation and feedback processing capabilities     

Implementation of an adaptive position control system of a permanent-magnet synchronous motor and its application

This study proposes an adaptive backstepping controller design for a position control system of permanent-magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). The proposed system has good performance, including fast transient responses, good steady-state responses and good tracking responses. Based on a proper Lyapunov function, an adaptive backstepping position controller can be systematically developed. In addition, a notch filter is used in the current loop to reduce the limit cycles of the motor current. The control algorithm is implemented by using a Renesas digital signal processor. As a result, the hardware is very simple. The proposed control system includes a position-loop controller and a current-loop controller. All control loops are executed by the digital signal processor. Several experimental results are shown to validate the correctness and feasibility of the proposed control algorithms. The system can achieve a precise position control. In fact, a ball?screw table and a knitting machine have been applied to evaluate the performance of the control system. The study provides a new direction in the use of an advanced control technique in PMSMs and investigates its real industrial applications.     

选带细化频谱分析在超声波流量测量中的应用

通过中频调制为基础提取流体速度方向信息,引入选带细化频谱分析技术对解调后多普勒信号进行高精度的频谱估计,该方法主要有三个方面的优点:能判断流速的方向;降低流速测量下限;提高了流速测量的动态响应速度、实时性以及稳定性.在此基础上,以数字信号处理器(DSP)为平台设计了超声流量计,实验分析表明1 024点ZOOM-FFT算法在选定频带范围内与16 384点FFT有相近的分辨率.     

Learning about digital signal processing using spreadsheets andsimulation software

The ready availability of low-cost high-speed digital signal processor chips has resulted in their widespread use in many areas of industrial and consumer electronics for processes such as filtering, coding, estimation and spectral analysis. This article explores the opportunities of learning about digital signal processing (DSP) using a spreadsheet and a specialized simulation software package, developed by Texas Instruments for their TMS320C25 processor, that mimics the device in terms of its functional capabilities. A finite impulse response (FIR) digital filter is used as a typical example to demonstrate the ideas presented. Application programs can thus be entirely tested in a software environment before being used on a real-time target system     

Design and evaluation of a low-cost multistatic netted radar system

This paper reports on the design and initial evaluation of a low-cost multistatic radar system that exploits digital components. The system is based on a commercial-off-the-shelf and open architecture approach, using a direct digital synthesiser, a field programmable gate array and a digital signal processor as core components. Instrument function testing, calibration and the results of the initial field tests are reported. Some of the first multistatic experimental results are reported and demonstrate a number of aspects of the performance of such a configuration. The advantages and limitations of a low-cost digital radar design are discussed and further system development possibilities outlined. This system will enable the collection of a wide range of novel multistatic data and has the potential to demonstrate a number of new radar applications.     

A multi-application FFT analyzer based on a DSP architecture

A digital signal processor (DSP)-based FFT analyzer capable of adapting its behavior according to specific application requirements was set up. A suitably designed user-interface allows both the specific application to be chosen and its main parameters to be defined. An automatic optimization procedure then reorganizes the instrument configuration in order to meet user requirements. Multi-DSP architecture implementation ensures real-time behavior. The experimental test results indicate that the instrument is capable of optimally operating in a large number of typical applications     

光子计数动态剪切干涉仪的实时波前处理机

介绍了光学计数方法下的波前处理机的构成及工作原理，解决了弱光条件下的光子脉冲计数，并以ＴＭＳ３２０Ｃ２５高速数字信息处理器为核心，快速完成了波前相位计算，波前重构，控制信号的并行输出及波面信息的实时监测。     

基于矢量DSP的并行化卷积算法

为了提场卷积算法在矢量!字信号处理器(DSP)上的执行效率,提出了一种高效的并行化卷积算法——基2并行短卷积(PSC R2)算法。该算法采用了基2短卷积运算结构,摆脱了传统并行化卷积算法的直接结构,从而有效降低了算法的循环次!。基于该算法结构,还提出了矢量DSP专用指令以匹配卷积的运算结构,保障算法执行效率。通过实际评估,证明了该算法在时间复杂度上仅为传统的内循环矢量化(VIL)算法的43%,为外循环矢量化(VOL)算法的55%,并且在存储空间开销上能够与传统算法基本持平。利用该算法,可以大幅降低移动通信和数字信号处理中的卷积、相关、滤波运算的时间复杂度。     

A Digital Signal Processing Instrument for Real-Time Phase Noise Measurement

A digital-signal-processing-based instrument for phase noise measurement on sinusoidal signals is described. It incorporates a special hardware architecture, which is made up of a core digital signal processor that is connected to a data acquisition board, and takes advantage of a new measurement procedure based on a quadrature demodulation scheme, which has been proposed by the authors. Thanks to an optimized implementation of this procedure, the instrument exploits all its hardware resources to achieve high performance and real-time operation. For input frequencies of up to some hundreds of kilohertz, the instrument proves to be capable both of updating phase noise power spectrum while seamlessly capturing the analyzed signal into its memory and of granting frequency resolution as good as a few units of hertz.      

Vibration-compensated interferometer for surface metrology

An advanced interferometer was built for surface metrology in environments with severe vibration. This instrument uses active control to compensate for effects of vibration to allow surface measurement with high-resolution phase-shifting interferometry. A digital signal processor and high-speed phase control from an electro-optic modulator allows phase measurements at 4000 Hz. These measurements are fed back into a real-time servo in the digital signal processor that provides a vibration-corrected phase ramp for the surface measurements taken at video rates. Unlike fringe locking, which compensates vibration to keep the phase constant, we show a true phase servo that allows the phase to be stabilized while it is ramped, enabling surface measurements using phase-shifting interferometry that requires multiple images with controlled phase shifts.     

A new ADC circuit for nuclear spectroscopy based on digital signal processing techniques

A 12-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) circuit for nuclear spectroscopy applications was developed using a digital signal processor (DSP) as the central processing element.

The DSP runs a program that builds the distribution function of data collected by the ADC (the multichannel analyzer algorithm) and simultaneously corrects the ADC differential nonlinearity (DNL) by the sliding scale method. The acquisition routine runs in 4 μs.

The conversion time, when the faster versions of the ADC are used, is well below 10 μs. The resulting DNL is better than 0.4% and the integral nonlinearity <0.002%.     

包装自动化中基于ADMC401器件的SPWM控制实现

介绍了在包装自动化中基于电机控制DSP芯片ADMC401的正弦波脉宽调制(SPWM)控制的基本原理及其软件实现.通过实验表明该数字系统满足SPWM的实时控制要求.     

A distributed measurement architecture for industrial applications

In this paper, a distributed digital measurement architecture for industrial applications is proposed. The architecture is arranged on three hierarchical communication levels: the fieldbus, the intranet, and the Internet. Particular attention has been paid to the lower level, the field level, implemented using a low-priced smart front-end. It is based on the H8/3048F Hitachi microcontroller and embodies a fieldbus interface (I/F). The same board can be linked to a VXIbus controller by means of a suitable register-based interface. The proposed network can embody a number of analog signal conditioning circuits, processor, and communication capabilities, to meet the industrial needs. We propose two applications of this distributed measurement architecture: the monitoring of power quality in an electrical distribution network and the management of a water distribution system. Experimental results showing the system performance are also included in the paper.     

FPAA-based MHO distance relay considering CVT transient supervision

Present-day numerical relays provide remarkable capabilities such as monitoring, recording and communication. These capabilities are considered as secondary priority whereas speed and reliability are the two most important characteristics of a protective relay. Even though present-day numerical relays have provided considerable capabilities and advantages, they have not improved speed of operation in comparison to their solid-state counterparts. The idea of applying mixed signals processing using advanced analogue and digital technology in several applications has started. Use of advanced programmable analogue technology, which is known as field programmable analogue arrays (FPAAs), seems to have the potential to be used in protective relays. Hybrid hardware using both digital signal processor (DSP) and FPAAs is proposed to implement mho distance relay considering capacitor voltage transformer (CVT) transient supervision for low and high system impedance ratio (SIR) systems. Test results are reported and compared with a commercial relay test results.     

Application of a Logarithmic Complementary Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor Camera in White-Light Interferometry

This paper describes the characterization, modeling, and application of a direct-readout complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) camera in white-light interferometry (WLI). The camera that was used consisted of a direct-readout 1024times1024 pixel logarithmic CMOS sensor. A continuous analog voltage from each pixel was converted to an 8-bit value by an internal analog-to-digital converter and processed with a digital signal processor. A mathematical model relating the input light intensity to the 8-bit digitized output is developed, which is critical in applications where knowledge of the scene intensity is essential to estimating the maximum allowable frame rates. The camera was utilized in WLI, and its application is analyzed in terms of maximum output signal amplitude, imaging speed, and light intensity. The mathematical modeling is implemented with SPICE simulations and verified with experimental data.     

包装机械中电机控制DSP器件与串行EEPROM的通讯

介绍了一种在包装机械中电机控制DSP芯片ADMC401与串行EEPROM之间的硬件和软件接口技术.并在ADMC401处理器板上实现了ADMC401的串行口与串行EEPROM之间的通讯.