基于动态有理函数的功放模型及预失真应用

针对现代无线通信系统中射频功率放大器的非线性与记忆效应,提出一种新的低复杂度的动态有理函数模型,该模型简化了有理函数模型,通过两个多项式的比进行建模,但分子是包络记忆多项式的形式,分母由无记忆多项式构成.通过模型仿真和预失真应用系统验证,结果表明:与记忆多项式模型相比,动态有理函数模型所需的系数要少30.6％,模型精度却与其相近,邻信道功率比(ACPR)改善约20 dB,而与有理函数模型相比,所需系数要少21.9％,模型精度改善2.4 dB,ACPR改善约15 dB.由此证明了该模型在复杂度和精确度上的优越性,对功放预失真的研究具有重要的参考价值.     

新型功率放大器PLTC行为模型及预失真应用

为提高通信质量,针对功率放大器的记忆效应和动态非线性特征,提出一种新型的三箱PLTC ( parallel-LUT-TMP-CIMT)模型。该模型由查找表、三角记忆多项式和记忆时刻信号交叉项并联构成。 PLTC模型用于功率放大器的行为模型建模以及数字预失真的应用,使用16 QAM信号驱动一个强非线性Doherty功放来验证模型的性能,把PLTC模型应用在预失真中,经过PLTC预失真后,邻信道功率比减少大约22 dB。将PLTC模型与多项式MP模型、一般多项式GMP模型和LMEC模型这3种模型进行精度与计算系数复杂度的比较,结果表明,PLTC模型能够达到较好的精度,同时可以大幅降低计算系数。     

稀疏的归一化功放模型及预失真应用*

针对射频功放的非线性特性进行了研究,提出一种新的稀疏化的Volterra级数模型。该模型基于压缩感知算法,将稀疏系统的辨识等效为信号的重构问题,利用正则正交匹配（ROMP）算法对核系数进行稀疏化并选择出活跃的核系数。将提出的模型与记忆多项式（MP）模型、通用记忆多项式（GMP）模型进行比较,较MP模型的建模精度提升10.7dB,模型系数减少25%,较GMP模型的建模精度提升3.9dB,但模型系数减少84.58%。仿真结果表明：提出的方法实现良好的预失真线性化性能,极大地降低模型系数,优于传统的功放行为模型。由此验证对功放的线性化技术发展具有参考价值。     

宽带功率放大器PGSC建模方法及预失真研究

针对宽带功率放大器的强记忆效应特性,提出一种功放建模和数字预失真方法——PGSC模型。利用广义记忆多项式(GMP)、特定交叉项(SCT)及记忆时刻信号交叉项(CIMT)3个基函数来构造功放行为模型及数字预失真器,并搭建实际测试平台对模型的精度及线性化效果进行验证。测试结果表明,与PMEC方法相比,PGSC方法建模时的归一化均方误差减少了2.1 dB,数字预失真时输出信号的三阶邻信道功率比降低了4.94/2.03 dB;与GMP方法相比,PGSC方法仅利用73%的系数即可得到更高的模型精度和更好的线性化效果。     

一种基于2．14GHz功率放大器的预失真反馈延迟估计

反馈回路的延迟估计是功率放大器数字预失真技术的前提,本文提出了一种环路延迟估测方法,在考虑信道畸变的同时,降低了运算量。然后基于一款Freescale（MHL21336）2．14GHz的AB类功率放大器,采用无记忆预失真方法和正交记忆多项式预失真方法实验验证,结果表明该环路延迟估计算法能够使无记忆多项式预失真器的单载波WCDMA信号的ACPR（邻近信道功率比）改善近20dB,而对正交记忆多项式预失真方法大约可以改善24dB。     

基于分段线性函数的功放模型及数字预失真应用

为了克服通信系统中功率放大器的非线性和记忆效应,数字预失真技术成为研究的热点。提出一种基于分段线性函数的多项式模型,与广义记忆多项式模型相比,我们把多项式中的高阶项转换为分段求和项,消除了高阶相乘带来的不稳定性,同时由于分段阈值的存在,该模型的适用性和稳定性均有所提高。把功放模型应用于数字预失真结构中的实验结果表明:与广义记忆多项式模型相比,分段线性函数模型所需系数要少40%,邻信道功率比提高约1dB,归一化均方误差提高约8dB,因此该模型在数字预失真方面具有较好的效果。     

自适应稀疏重构的双频预失真结构

针对双频功放预失真系统采样率过高的问题,提出一种基于压缩感知的自适应稀疏预失真结构,先通过基于分段多项式模型的记忆效应补偿器,再将信号融合理解为压缩感知采样重构问题,即在预失真反馈回路,利用自适应稀疏算法高精度重构遗失的五阶及高阶交调信号,使系数权值的最小均方解逼近最优,降低采集误差提升线性化效果。实验结果表明,在提高系统稳定性的同时,NMSE显示较2D-MP、2D-CPWL提高了约2~3 dB,ACPR大约改善20 dBc。对降低双频带预失真采样率同时提升功放线性度具有重大意义。     

基于功放记忆效应的动态X参数模型的研究*

为了更加准确的表征功放的记忆效应,本文提出了一种新的功放模型——动态X参数模型。一方面,充分利用X参数可以精确表征功放工作在大信号,调制信号下出现非线性的特性。另一方面,通过模拟记忆效应产生的机制,构建功放模型中的记忆核函数,进而降低了功放模型的复杂度。将二者结合在一起,进而对功放进行精确的建模。相比传统的建模方案,本文所提出的动态X参数模型不仅仿真精度高,而且仿真速度快。经仿真测试NPT1004功放的数据,利用本文所提出的新的动态X参数模型对功放建模,结果证明了本模型仿真功放的ACPR的误差减小了3dB。从而验证了该模型的可行性,对今后利用动态X参数对功放的建模具有参考价值。     

压缩感知框架下宽带功放预失真模型

射频功放的非线性特性是一个重要的研究方向,针对预失真系统采样率过高的问题,提出一种新的宽带功放预失真模型,即在反馈回路采用基于正弦调频(SFM)信号的调制宽带解调(MWC)对信号进行采样,再用变步长广义自适应匹配追踪(VS-GSAMP)算法对信号进行重构,降低反馈回路采样速率,提升线性化效果。实验结果表明,在提高信号重构精度的同时,NSME(normalized mean squared error)显示较MP、GMP模型提升了2~3 d B,ACPR(adjacent channel power radio)约改善了21 d B,该方法能够使系统在较低的采样率下获得良好的线性性能。     

基于支持向量机的记忆功率放大器预失真

提出了一种新的针对记忆非线性功率放大器的支持向量机（SVM）预失真器。通过对其建模中采用径向基核函数和多项式核函数所表现出的性能特点进行分析,为核函数的选取提供了参考。采用以多项式为核函数的SVM对3种典型的记忆非线性功率放大器模型进行线性化仿真,结果表明了该方法的有效性和鲁棒性。     

Evidence-based recommendations for building better bras for women treated for breast cancer

Participating in exercise is beneficial for women who have been treated for breast cancer. However, not being able to find a comfortable exercise bra can be a barrier to exercise participation. This study aimed to systematically investigate what breast support women treated for breast cancer want when they exercise in order to provide evidence-based recommendations to improve exercise bra designs for these women. Based on 432 responses from a national online survey, frequency and relationship data were analysed (binary logistic regression) to understand exercise bra issues pertinent to this population. These issues included being able to control for asymmetrical cup sizes, managing heightened skin sensitivity, managing fluid (size) fluctuations, managing a prosthesis and restoring body image by restoring shape. This study provides evidence-based recommendations to inform an exercise bra design that will meet the unique needs of women treated for breast cancer. Rigorous, evidence-based evaluations of exercise bras for women treated for breast cancer may contribute to their well-being and quality of life through enhanced designs.     

一种SIP穿越NAT的解决方案

NAT使得SIP端到端的应用变得非常困难,文章分析了几种SIP穿越NAT方法及其不足,提出了一种基于STUN和TURN方法的穿越方案.其基本思想是根据NAT的不同采用不同的方式实现SIP信令的穿越,而媒体流的穿越则通过对所有可用媒体地址进行连接检查来实现.方案不改动现有NAT,在应用层上实现了对所有NAT的有效穿越,避免单独使用其它方法带来的缺陷.     

Grammar engineering for multiple front-ends for Python

In this paper, we describe our experience in grammar engineering to construct multiple parsers and front ends for the Python language. We present a metrics-based study of the evolution of the Python grammars through the multiple versions of the language in an effort to distinguish and measure grammar evolution and to provide a basis of comparison with related research in grammar engineering. To conduct this research, we have built a toolkit, pygrat , which builds on tools developed in other research. We use pygrat to build a system that automates much of the process needed to translate the Python grammars from EBNF to a formalism acceptable to the bison parser generator. We exploit the suite of Python test cases, used by the Python developers, to validate our parser generation. Finally, we describe our use of the menhir parser generator to facilitate the parser and front-end construction, eliminating some of the transformations and providing practical support for grammar modularisation.     

医院多功能情报监控系统的研究

介绍了基于AT89S52单片机设计的医院多功能情报监控系统,该系统分为监测端和控制端2个部分.监测端位于病房内,和控制端通过CAN总线进行通讯,传递病房内的环境参数以及室内环境调节装置的控制信息.控制端位于控制室内,通过RS232与上位机通信,可以使用计算机上的C语言编译的人机对话界面,对各个病房的环境进行实时监测调节.     

Regional Process Modeling for Design for Environment

This research is an effort towards providing higher level Design for Environment (DFE) tools for a broad industrial region. Issues ranging from the levels immediately above existing design tools, to the envisioned highest level for a broad geographical region are discussed. A tool for the regional planning of the DFE activities is proposed, considering a model construction based on material flows across the industry. The Multi-Lifecycle approach is supported by organizing the input/output flows for industries, potentially utilizing waste material, side products and recycling. Capitalizing on the conceptual integration of the design and process activities, an Abstract Design Environment is used for the design of the basically process oriented material flow tool. Within the context, the relations among design, process and flow-modeling concepts are discussed.     

Louvers design for LED displays for sunny days

The use of louvers attached to variable information display needs to be optimized taking into account different intrinsic and extrinsic parameters. The analysis of the performance of the display–louvers system takes into account the location, orientation, and daily and seasonal variations. The observation of the system is divided depending on the distance of observation. The far distance vision performance use the background luminance. The medium distance performance needs the use of the Contrast Sensitivity Function of the eye.     

Design for All in multimedia guides for museums

The Design for All principles define the characteristics which a device should possess in order for it be utilised by every type of user, independent of his or her sensory disabilities or technological competency. These principles are realised in the current work as an integrative tool with which to facilitate universal access to museums via multimedia and portable guides, making access available to all. Based on these principles, this article describes the main findings of the design and use of the MGA (Multimedia Guides for All) approach proposed in this paper. This approach involves a series of recommendations for the selection, application, preparation of content, and maintenance of this type of computerized device, in order to achieve these principles. Firstly, a comparative analysis of the principal types of electronic guides available in museums which incorporate accessibility criteria is provided. Subsequently, a real case study case is presented which conforms to the MGA approach. The MGA approach can be applied to other domains, which should be explored in further research. The conclusions in this article have been drawn from two R&D projects financed by the Spanish Ministry of Industry, Science and Technology supported by the EC FEDER R&D Program.     

学以致用创新发展

<正>ADI公司2007大学生创新设计竞赛颁奖典礼暨媒体见面会侧记高性能模拟集成电路制造商ADI公司于2007年11月6日在北京工业大学(BJUT)举办"2007年度ADI大学生创新设计人赛"