乐昌峡水利枢纽第三方检测实践

文章以广东省乐昌峡水利枢纽工程为实例,介绍了目前水利工程质量检测的类型及现状,阐述了现行质量检测的问题,比较得出当下100%工程质量第三方检测具有显著优点。结合我国水利工程质量检测实际,认为100%第三方质量检测在我国水利工程建设健康发展过程中,具有重要性和实践的可行性。     

隔河岩工程的监理检测实践

隔河岩水利枢纽是我国首批实行工程质量监理的项目。长江水利委员会承担了该工程质量监理，在现场设立了项目较齐全的中心实验室，负责监理检测工作，对下列项目进行检测，混凝土质量，振动声波，孔斜，浆材特性，大坝安全监测风筋的抗拉强度、延伸率、土石方填筑夯实效果，于密度检测等。检测方式有常规抽样检测、突击性检测、论证式抽检。监理单位拥有多种检测地施工质量进行抽检，有利于促进承包重视质量，也可促进承包商自检体系     

混凝土防渗墙技术在务坪水库中的应用

概述了混凝土防渗墙在务坪水库复杂地质基础上成功的应用，对设计方案选择与主 遇到的塌 孔现象处理进行了较详细的描述，并强调了质量检测的重要性，为我国防渗墙施工的发展起到一定的借鉴作用。     

浅谈库甫水库除险加固工程的质量控制评价

随着我国经济的快速发展,提高产品质量和工程质量是我国工作的长期战略目标。要保证水利建设工程质量,质量检测是必不可少的一个重要手段。提高检测人员对水利工程的质量控制数据的分析判断能力尤为重要。这里通过对库甫水库除险加固工程全过程的跟踪检测及如何进行成果分析做一简单汇总。     

拔出法检测混凝土强度

随着工程建设的发展，混凝土强度质量的控制与检测愈来愈受到人们的高度重视。由于破损型检验混凝土质量存在一些缺点，无损检测混凝土强度技术得到了迅速发展。本文结合工程实例和室内外试验，介绍拔出法无损检测混凝土强度以及在使用该方法中的一些体会     

浅谈装配式混凝土结构施工质量检测方法

<正>随着当前我国社会经济发展的加速,装配式混凝土结构迈入了高速发展阶段,装配式结构工程在我国建筑领域得到广泛使用。为了科学有效地控制装配式混凝土结构施工质量,合理选择正确的检测方法对保障工程施工质量尤为重要。目前装配式混凝土结构检测技术分为两大模块：一是原材料及配件检测、预制混凝土构件和连接接头检测,二是结构实体检测。其中第一模块的检测方法是已经比较成熟的,已应用多年。而第二模块的如钢筋套筒灌浆连接质量、混凝土结合面连接质量、     

碾压混凝土质量检验与控制（一）

根据我国碾压混凝土筑坝技术的实际情况和特点，介绍了碾压混凝土的原材料、新拌混凝土压实质量的检测与控制和出机口、仓面钻孔取样质量的评定，同时介绍了已建工程铜街子和在建工程石板水碾压混凝土质量检测、控制与评定实例。     

水利工程验收检测评价体系研究

随着我国社会经济的快速发展,水利工程规模逐渐扩大,社会大众对于水利工程质量的重视程度不断提高。文章总结了工程建筑行业已有检测技术标准,分析了我国水利工程质量检测现状,在此基础上对金属结构工程、堤坝工程、土建工程的检测技术方法进行了详细的阐述,并且总结出水利工程检测单元和工程竣工验收检测作为两个工作环节,它们主要包括:评价方法和检测技术、检测评价体系的构成、抽样数量和检测项目,它们共同组成了水利工程质量验收评价体系。研究内容可为水利工程竣工验收检测工作提供一定的理论依据,并且为水利工程管理同行提供参考。     

建筑主体结构的质量检测方法及其应用探究

<正>建筑主体结构的施工质量直接影响工程的整体建设质量和施工进度,同时对于后续的建筑工程使用安全性也会产生明显的影响。故此,本文基于建筑主体结构的质量检测方法以及应用研究,利用文献资料法和定性研究法简单分析了主体结构质量检测工作实施的价值。在文中针对建筑主体结构质量检测常用的外观检测、混凝土结构检测和砌体工程结构检测方法,分别就准备、施工和竣工阶段的主体结构质量检测工作要点进行分析,提出了强化主体结构质量检测工作的相关策略。建筑工程已经成为我国现代城镇化建设发展不可或缺的基础条件,现如今,     

水利工程质量检测中无损检测技术的实践应用

<正>随着我国经济的快速发展和基础设施建设的加速推进,水利工程的建设规模和质量要求不断提高。为确保水利工程的安全、可靠和高效运行,对其质量检测显得尤为重要。传统的水利工程质量检测方法往往需要破坏性试验,不仅浪费资源,而且可能对工程结构造成影响。而无损检测技术则具有非破坏性、快速、准确等优点,逐渐成为水利工程质量检测的重要手段。     

The Added Value of Understanding Informal Social Networks in an Adaptive Capacity Assessment: Explorations of an Urban Water Management System in Indonesia

Social networks play an important role in environmental governance regimes, and they are a key to the adaptive capacity of systems that deal with complex, contextual and multi-faceted issues. Urban water systems are typical examples of complex systems facing many pressures, such as increased population, water quality deterioration, and climate change. This paper explores social networks of the key stakeholders engaged in urban water management, in Makassar City, Indonesia, in the context of exploring ways to improve management of an increasingly complex urban water system. Three social networks were explored; those constituted by formal and informal interactions and networks perceived by stakeholders to be “ideal”. Formal networks were identified through an examination of the legislative instruments and government agencies’ documents relating to water provision in Makassar, while the informal and “ideal” networks were investigated in collaboration with the stakeholders. The research found that the informal social network was more extensive than were the formally required networks, and the investigation of informal networks created a potentially more robust and adaptive water management system than would have occurred through inclusion of formal institutional arrangements. We suggest that in examination of the adaptive capacity of an urban water system, one also considers the informal arrangements and linkages, as this additional information about the system is necessary to enhance our understanding of potential adaptation of water management and improved urban water systems.     

The Need and Requirements for Modernizing Surface Water Quality Monitoring in the Russian Federation

Abstract

Water quality monitoring in the Russian Federation faces political, technical, institutional, and financial problems. The current Russian model for gathering and production of water quality data is unreliable, out-of-date, and disconnected with current water management issues. While insufficient financing and ineffective legislation are the most obvious limitations, more importantly there is a need for a major overhaul of the program that would begin with a national framework for water quality management. This framework would provide for legal, institutional, and technical modernization of the program within a clearly-defined set of national goals for water quality management. The monitoring program in use in Russia is the legacy of the former USSR. The current growth of national priorities in terms of control and improvement of surface water quality is in contrast to the nation's decreasing ability to provide appropriate information within sustainable technical and institutional environments and that is affordable. This situation requires a new model based on the development of a flexible monitoring system focusing on water quality management. Ensuring financial stability of the monitoring system requires having a transparent and consistent program meeting the specific demands of water management. This, in turn, requires resource-saving methods and innovative relationships between agencies and with the private sector allowing cost reductions for the government.     

The Nile 2002: The Vision Toward Cooperation in the Nile Basin

ABSTRACT

The Nile 2002 conference series started in February 1993 in Aswan, Egypt and was followed by the second in Khartoum, Sudan in January 1994. Both conferences dealt with the same general theme of “Comprehensive Water Resources Development of the Nile Basin.” The Khartoum conference dealt with forty-two papers, including nine country papers from the Nile Basin, and several discussion sessions. The main feature of these papers is the emphasis on the need for cooperation among the co-basin countries and assistance from external support agencies and internal organizations. A comprehensive set of cooperation modalities, principles, and areas of potential support for external support agencies is identified. Institutional aspects are also examined emphasizing the complementary role of governmental, international support agencies, and nongovernmental organizations.     

国外地表水水质指数评价法综述

讨论了水质指数的发展历程,介绍了国外几种比较成熟、应用比较广泛的水质指数,包括它们的背景和应用领域,以期为我国的地表水质量评价提供参考。综合评价已有的水质评价指数及其应用情况,认为加拿大环境部长理事会水质指数(CCMEWQI)法是一种值得推荐使用的水质评价方法,建议以此方法为基础,建立适合我国的水源地水质指数评价方法。     

硅藻土处理生活污水的试验研究

硅藻土是一种储量较大的天然矿产资源,具有独特的理化性能和较好的吸附性能.为充分考察硅藻土及其改性药剂用于污水处理的可行性,研究开发适合我国国情的经济、实用型城镇污水净化处理技术系统,开发新性硅藻土复合药剂,进行了改性硅藻土及硅藻土复合药剂处理生活污水的试验研究.研究结果表明改性硅藻土和硅藻土聚合铝复合药剂有较好的除污染能力.     

Angler preferences for management of aquatic invasive species in the USA and Canada: A discrete choice experiment

Aquatic invasive species (AIS) management in the Great Lakes region of North America requires coordination between multiple agencies and stakeholder groups. Because the Great Lakes are an internationally managed entity, an understanding of policy preferences among stakeholders across borders is crucial for making both comprehensive and evidence-based decisions about fishery resources. We evaluated angler preferences for how future fishing scenarios are affected by aquatic invasive species in the Great Lakes region. Using a mixed-mode survey of anglers in Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, New York, and the Canadian province of Ontario, we conducted a stated choice experiment to understand and compare American and Canadian anglers. Results from a mixed multinomial logit model suggested fish habitat quality, amount of native fish species, impact of invasive species, availability of wash stations, and cost significantly influenced hypothetical scenarios chosen by survey respondents. Fish habitat and increased availability of boat wash stations had the greatest influence on the likelihood that a given scenario would be chosen by a survey respondent. We observed predominantly similar patterns across the border but did find that Canadians had stronger preferences for limiting AIS impacts and improving habitat quality. Our research thus suggests that an internationally consistent management approach would likely be well received among the anglers engaged in this study.     

基于ArcGIS Engine 的全国水环境管理信息系统设计与实现

基于嵌入式GIS组件系统ArcGIS Engine 9.0,研究开发了全国重点水质测站水环境管理信息系统,实现对全国160多个重点水质测站长时间序列数据的整理入库、查询、统计分析以及成果输出可视化等功能,系统同时集成了水环境专业模型,实现了对水质测站数据水质评价、水质趋势分析以及水环境模型预测等功能,从而更具专业性和实用性。该系统的构建和运行,提高了水利部水环境监测评价研究中心为国家决策部门和公众服务的质量和效率,有利于促进我国水环境管理方式的变革、实现水利科技的信息化。     

加筋土挡土墙的应用

随着科学技术的发展，水利工作者利用土工织物创造了一种加筋挡土墙。这种挡土墙的优点是造价低，材料重量轻，运输方便，有些材料可以就地取材，施工简单，速度快，对地形适应性强。它的应用会给国家节约大量资金，节省大量人力和财力。     

额尔齐斯河水质现状

通过对额尔齐斯河流域干支流各测站监测资料分析 ,充分证明该流域河水自净能力较强 ,污染物指标随河长增加而降低 ,加之各支流的汇入 ,使我国唯一注入北冰洋的额尔齐斯河在出境时基本达到天然水质。     

浅论重视江河水库水质管理的重要性

人类面临着水资源的缺乏、水污染加剧的问题 ,加强水质管理是十分必要的 ,我国江河湖泊受到严重污染 ,而水库水质相对较好 ,加强水库水质监测具有迫切性及战略意义 ,为此对加强水库水质管理的困难和方法作了简单的探讨 ,并介绍了水质管理的基本内容。