一种适用于小样本的迭代多重信号分类算法

当样本数不足时,由采样协方差矩阵特征分解得到的噪声子空间偏离其真实值,使得多重信号分类(MUSIC)算法目标角度(DOA)估计性能下降。为了解决这个问题,该文提出了一种迭代算法通过校正信号子空间来提高MUSIC算法性能。该方法首先利用采样协方差矩阵特征分解得到的噪声子空间粗略估计目标角度;其次基于信源的稀疏性和导向矢量的低秩特性,由上一步得到的目标角度以及其邻域角度对应的导向矢量构造一个新的信号子空间;最后通过解一个优化问题来校正信号子空间。仿真结果表明,该算法有效地提高了子空间估计精度。基于新的信号子空间实现MUSIC DOA估计可以使得性能得到改善,且在低样本数下改善尤为明显。     

基于噪声空间加权重构的相干信号DOA估计

针对传统相干信号DOA估计算法在低信噪比、少快拍数以及阵列通道幅相误差下存在的角度分辨力差和测角性能不稳定问题,本文提出一种基于噪声空间加权重构的相干信号DOA估计算法。该算法首先利用共轭重构对阵列接收信号协方差矩阵作解相干处理;然后在信源大致方位内对导向矢量作定积分,计算积分矢量与整个噪声子空间正交基矢量的交空间基矢量,并以此对噪声子空间进行加权;最后运用加权重构后的噪声子空间建立算法空间谱函数,谱峰搜索估计得目标的DOA。计算机仿真结果表明,本文所提算法易实现低信噪比、少快拍数以及通道幅相误差下相干信号的DOA估计。     

基于高度冗余Gabor框架的欠Nyquist采样系统子空间探测

基于指数再生窗Gabor框架的欠Nyquist采样系统对窄脉冲信号完成采样与重构一般情况下效果较好,但是当框架高度冗余时,使用传统面向系数域的方法对信号进行子空间探测会面临失败或较大误差。该文采用面向信号域的思想,构建了分块的对偶Gabor字典,并对信号分块稀疏表示;根据信号的分块表示推导了采样系统的测量矩阵,提出了测量矩阵受字典相干性约束的分块-相干性;将信号合成模型引入多观测向量问题,提出基于分块-闭包的同步正交匹配追踪算法(SOMPB,F ),用于信号子空间探测。此外还证明了算法的收敛约束条件。仿真结果表明,所提子空间探测方法相比传统方法提高了信号重构成功率,降低了采样通道数,并增强了系统鲁棒性。     

一种压缩采样中的稀疏度自适应子空间追踪算法

 针对压缩采样中未知稀疏度的信号,本文提出一种自适应子空间追踪算法.首先,采用了一种基于匹配测试的估计方法获取稀疏度的估计值,再通过子空间追踪重构信号.若子空间追踪不能成功重构,则通过渐近增加信号稀疏度的方法实施估计,而上述过程可描述为在弱匹配原则下新原子的选取过程.仿真结果表明,本文的算法可以准确有效重构信号,同时运算量也较低.     

迭代子空间跟踪和结构约束的自适应波束形成算法

自适应波束形成(adaptive beam-forming:ABF)方法通过对阵列数据进行加权处理来获得最大的输出信干噪比,对采样协方差矩阵依赖性较大.在小快拍和通道随机响应误差条件下,采样协方差矩阵的估计值与真实值通常存在较大差异,严重恶化了基于线性约束最小均方误差准则的自适应波束形成方法的干扰抑制性能.针对该问题,本文基于子空间投影类波束形成方法的思想,提出采用迭代子空间跟踪和结构约束的自适应波束形成方法.该方法首先利用clearing技术在训练样本集上依次跟踪主特征矢量并构成信号子空间;然后根据子空间投影类波束形成权矢量的结构特性计算自适应加权矢量.仿真结果表明本文方法能有效提高自适应波束算法的输出信干噪比.     

子空间重构的一类自适应波束形成算法

针对多维阵列的全维自适应波束形成算法运算量大和小样本条件下性能下降问题,该文提出采用子空间重构技术的自适应波束形成算法(SRC-BF)。该方法利用多维域的全维阵列数据可分维构造的特点,首先在训练样本集上估计分维阵列数据的信号子空间;然后基于张量积性质重构全维信号子空间并自适应剔除交叉项;最后采用子空间投影算法计算自适应加权矢量。理论分析和仿真结果表明该方法具有较低的运算复杂度,能有效提高自适应波束形成算法在小样本条件下的输出信干噪比。     

基于NSCT域压缩感知模型的路面病害图像滤波算法

针对目前路面图像滤波算法复杂度高且难以耦合噪声抑制和信号平衡的缺点,提出一种基于非下采样Contourlet变换(NSCT)域压缩采样的滤波算法。首先,使用NSCT对含噪路面病害图像进行分解,得到变换后的低频子带系数和高频子带系数;然后,对高频子带系数建立压缩感知(CS)去噪模型,并采用伪随机傅里叶矩阵对系数进行观测,之后使用分裂Bregman迭代方法对系数进行重构,得到去噪模型重建后的高频子带系数;最后,采用逆NSCT对低频子带系数和高频子带系数进行重构,得到滤波后的图像。实验结果分析表明了本文算法的有效性。     

基于OMP-SVD的多分量单频信号频率估计

压缩感知(CS)是稀疏信号处理的有力工具。研究了多分量单频信号经过压缩采样以及信号重构后的频率估计问题。首先以一个随机高斯矩阵对信号进行观测测量,得到观测值;然后基于正交匹配追踪(OMP)和奇异值分解(SVD)算法,利用这些观测值对原信号进行高精度重构;最后利用重构中得到的非零元素的位置信息估计了原信号频率,并与基于Levinson-Durbin的AR参数模型频率估计算法进行了性能对比。仿真证明了算法能够高效重构原信号,并精确估计原信号频率。     

基于空时二维协方差矩阵修正的波束形成算法

在实际应用环境中,信源和阵列传感器等存在误差,假设期望信号的导向矢量与真实信源导向矢量的失配会导致阵列波束形成器把期望信号当作干扰来加以抑制。针对信号匹配误差导致自适应波束形成性能下降的问题,提出了一种基于空时二维协方差矩阵修正的波束形成算法,利用空时结构对宽带幅相误差校正的特性,对空时二维协方差矩阵进行重构,并对修正协方差矩阵进行特征值分解,分离出信号加干扰子空间,将失配导向矢量投影可使期望信号与噪声子空间严格正交,最后求解算法最优权值。算法有效改善了波束形成的输出信噪比,计算机仿真验证了理论分析的正确性和算法的稳健性。     

基于SVD的小波变换图像去噪方法

针对传统SVD图像去噪方法的不足,提出了一种基于SVD分解的小波分解图像去噪方法。通过对小波变换的系数矩阵进行奇异值分解,将其中的信号特征成分和噪声分解到不同的正交子空间中,在子空间中选取集成信号特征成分的奇异值矢量进行重构,从而提取出淹没在噪声中的信号成分。实验结果表明该文提出的方法适用于图像信号的提取,与传统的SVD去噪方法相比,它提取出的信号特征成分更完整,信噪比更高。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks