语音情感识别综述

语音情感识别是利用计算机建立语音信息载体与情感度量之间的关系,并赋予计算机识别、理解人类情感的能力,语音情感识别在人机交互中起着重要作用,是人工智能领域重要发展方向。本文从语音情感识别在国内外发展历史以及开展的一系列会议、期刊和竞赛入手,分别从6个方面对语音情感识别的研究现状进行了梳理与归纳：首先,针对情感表达从离散、维度模型进行了阐述;其次,针对现有的情感数据库进行了统计与总结;然后,回顾了近20年部分代表性语音情感识别发展历程,并分别阐述了基于人工设计的语音情感特征的情感识别技术和基于端到端的语音情感识别技术;在此基础之上,总结了近几年的语音情感识别性能,尤其是近两年在语音领域的重要会议和期刊上的语音情感识别相关工作;介绍了语音情感识别在驾驶、智能交互领域、医疗健康,安全等领域的应用;最后,总结与阐述了语音情感识别领域仍面临的挑战与未来发展方向。本文旨在对语音情感识别相关工作进行深入分析与总结,为语音情感识别相关研究者提供有价值的参考。     

语音情感识别算法中新型参数研究

语音情感识别是实现智能人机交互的关键技术之一。然而,用于语音情感识别的语音情感特征十分有限。为此,本文提出一种新型的语谱图显著性特征来改善语音情感识别效果。识别算法利用选择性注意模型获取语音信号语谱图像的显著图,并从中提取显著性特征,结合语音信号传统的时频特征构成语音情感识别特征向量。最后,本文利用KNN分类方法进行语音情感识别。实验结果表明,加入显著性特征后识别率有明显提升。     

基于多特征融合的藏语语音情感识别

藏语语音情感识别是语音情感识别在少数民族语音处理上的应用,语音情感识别是人机交互的重要研究方向,提取最能表征语音情感的特征并构建具有较强鲁棒性和泛化性的声学模型是语音情感识别的重要研究内容。基于此,为了构建具有高效性和针对性的藏语语音情感识别模型,文中构建了一种藏语语音情感数据集（TBSEC001）,并提出一种适合于藏语的手工语音情感特征集（TPEFS）,该特征集是在藏语与其他语言的共性和特性的基础上手工提取得到的,TPEFS特征集在支持向量机（SVM）、多层感知机（MLP）、卷积神经网络（CNN）、长短时记忆网络（LSTM）这些经典网络中都取得了不错的效果。所提出的方法在藏语语音数据集（TBSEC001）上取得了88.4%的识别结果,以及在EMODB、RAVDESS、CASIA数据库上分别取得了84.1%、74.3%以及82.5%的识别结果。实验结果表明,该特征集在保证识别率的情况下,对藏语语音情感识别具有一定针对性。     

集成语音信号与表面肌电信号的情感自动识别模型

为了提高情感识别的正确率,针对单一语音信号特征和表面肌电信号特征存在的局限性,提出了一种集成语音信号特征和表面肌电信号特征的情感自动识别模型.首先对语音信号和表面肌电信号进行预处理,并分别提取相关的语音信号和表面肌电信号特征,然后采用支持向量机对语音信号和表面肌电信号特征进行学习,分别建立相应的情感分类器,得到相应的识别结果,最后将识别结果分别输入到支持向量机确定两种特征的权重系数,从而得到最终的情感识别结果.两个标准语情感数据库的仿真结果表明,相对于其它情感识别模型,本文模型大幅提高了情感识别的正确率,人机交互情感识别系统提供了一种新的研究工具.     

基于HMM和ANN的语音情感识别研究

语音情感识别是语音识别中的重要分支,是和谐人机交互的基础理论。由于单一分类器在语音情感识别中的局限性,本文提出了隐马尔科夫模型（HMM）和人工神经网络（ANN）相结合的方法,对高兴、惊奇、愤怒、悲伤、恐惧、平静六种情感分别设计一个HMM模型,得到每种情感的最佳匹配序列,然后利用ANN作为后验分类器对测试样本进行分类,通...     

基于语音PZCPA时频域特征融合的语音情感识别方法

从人类自然语言中提取和准确分类语音中的情感状态一直是人机交互的一个难点,同时相关研究在人工智能领域发挥着至关重要的作用.为了使语音情感识别系统有更好的鲁棒性,本文提出新的语音情感识别算法结构,主要包括PZCPA特征的提取方法,并且使用该特征进行基于深度学习的时域和频域特征融合,最后使用KNN进行语音情感识别.该算法在德...     

基于声门波和声道特征的语音情感识别

语音情感识别是实现自然人机交互不可缺失的部分,是人工智能的重要组成部分。发音器官的调控引起情感语音声学特征的差异,从而被感知到不同的情感。传统的语音情感识别只是针对语音信号中的声学特征或听觉特征进行情感分类,忽略了声门波和声道等发音特征对情感感知的重要作用。在我们前期工作中,理论分析了声门波和声道形状对感知情感的重要影响,但未将声门波与声道特征用于语音情感识别。因此,本文从语音生成的角度重新探讨了声门波与声道特征对语音情感识别的可能性,提出一种基于源-滤波器模型的声门波和声道特征语音情感识别方法。首先,利用Liljencrants-Fant和Auto-Regressive eXogenous(ARX-LF)模型从语音信号中分离出情感语音的声门波和声道特征;然后,将分离出的声门波和声道特征送入双向门控循环单元（BiGRU）进行情感识别分类任务。在公开的情感数据集IEMOCAP上进行了情感识别验证,实验结果证明了声门波和声道特征可以有效的区分情感,且情感识别性能优于一些传统特征。本文从发音相关的声门波与声道研究语音情感识别,为语音情感识别技术提供了一种新思路。     

中文语音情感常用特征识别性能分析

语音情感识别对于实现人机交互具有重要的应用价值.语音情感识别中,情感特征的选取与组合对于情感识别的准确率影响巨大.已有研究中,情感特征对识别率的贡献停留在定性分析中,未有定量的描述,不利于情感识别中特征的选择.本文针对中文语音情感识别中的常用特征进行定量分析,通过不同的情感特征进行组合,采用支持向量机进行分类,得到各情感特征对识别的贡献率.实验结果表明,单个特征中,梅尔倒谱系数贡献率最高,达到了78%;特征组合中,特征越多对识别率贡献越大.     

语音信号中情感特征的分析和识别

随着信息技术的发展，对人机交互能力的要求不断提高，情感信息处理已成为提高人机交互能力的一个重要课题。文中介绍了近年来国内外在语音信号中的情感特征分析和识别的研究概况，讨论了存在的一些问题和今后需要进一步研究的课题。     

基于SVM的语音情感识别研究

随着计算机技术的发展,人们对和谐人机交互的要求不断提高,这就要求计算机能理解说话人的情感信息,即能进行语音情感识别。本文提出了一种基于支持向量机（SVM）的语音情感识别方法,主要对人类的6种基本情感：高兴、惊奇、愤怒、悲伤、恐惧、平静进行研究。首先对自建语音情感数据库的情感语句提取特征,然后运用序列前向选择（SFS）算...     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first