浅谈车间目标管理

生产车间以完成生产任务为使命，但是如何才能在繁杂多变的环境申明确方向，条理清晰、快捷高效地把握主要目标，本文力求分析车间的相关目标及主要目标的确立。运用目标管理的方法做好车间的管理活动，并简要介绍了目标管理的基本过程，以及车间运用目标管理的具体操作步骤。通过目标管理，某水面舰船分段制造的周期、质量均达到了要求。本文提出，子目标要为主要目标的实现创造必要条件，且相互协调一致。目标执行过程中的检查和绩效评价使目标在执行中得到纠正。本文还进一步描述，车间在完成生产任务这一主要目标的同时，还必须考虑长期目标——职工培训，为企业的长远发展作好准备，以期形成良性循环。     

推行基层管理工程的基本做法

“八五”期间，太钢坚持站在“外抓市场，内抓现场”的高度，认真加强现场管理和班组建设，有效地促进了公司经济效益的稳定、健康增长，曾先后获得了全国冶金系统现场管理先进企业称号，同时又获得冶金部和省经贸委、省企协的管理成果一等奖。进入“九五”后，公司根据内外部环境的变化，紧紧围绕生产经营建设目标，在完善现场管理工作体系、强化班组建设的基础上，提出了“推行基层管理工程，巩固班组建设管理成果，搞好工段（队）管理升级活动，推行基层管理，确保管理重心下移”的要求，并在施工系统进行管理试验的基础上，在全公司推行…     

耐热混凝土在铁合金电炉矮烟罩顶盖上的应用

新疆钢铁（集团）公司铁合金厂6000kVA硅铁电炉车间运用耐热混凝土现浇材料替代ICrl8Ni9Ti不锈钢制作矮烟罩顶盖，降低了制作成本，减少了电炉设备事故，提高了设备作业率，取得了较好的经济效益。     

质量管理求生存转变观念求发展

太钢（集团）建设二公司，是具有２０多年历史的大型建筑安装施工企业，拥有１１１０名职工，各类专业技术人员１３８名以及机械、电气、管道、结构、计器仪表五大专业，十一大技能。１９９４年从（集团）公司分离出来，由于建筑市场的萎缩，公司生产处于半停产状态。在严峻的形势面前，公司党政领导班子动员全体职工解放思想，不等不靠，及时把握住（集团）公司给我们转机建制的机遇，克服了诸多困难，采取了一系列切实可行的措施，１９９８年终于赢得了市场，经济效益有了大幅度的提高，工作量１０８３６万元，比上年提高了２６７０万元；…     

加古川二号高炉使用70％球团操作

加古川二号高炉使用７０％球团操作据报道日本神户钢铁公司加古川厂，为了综合利用不同品种、粒度和化学成分的铁矿粉分别运用烧结车间和球团车间进行高炉料的预处理，所生产的熟料为碱度２．０左右的烧结矿和碱度１．４０左右的高ＭｇＯ（２．２９％）自熔性团矿。加古川...     

三种类型车间管理重建要点

通过对企业存在的三种车间类型进行划分，分析了传统车间管理的弊端，探讨了三种车间管理重建的要点。旨在提高车间管理适应市场经济的能力，同时也提请广大同仁赐教，携手共创车间管理的新天地。     

基于SLP的短流程炼钢车间工艺布置设计研究

介绍了在工业发达国家广泛应用的一种先进设计方法——系统布置设计（SLP），以越南VANLOI公司年产30万t短流程炼钢工程为应用范例，采用SLP对炼钢车间进行了物流和非物流关系分析，求解得到车间最佳布置方案，验证了SLP法在短流程炼钢车间布置设计中的应用效果。     

在厉行节约、 反对浪费的战线上

积极挖掘废钢铁的青年节约队自江礼明挖掘废钢铁的建设提出以后,重庆钢铁公司广大青年职工积极投入了这一运动,90％以上的青年职工参加了青年节约队、青年监督岗。到目前为止,据大型轧钢车间等单位的统计,就成立了29个青年节约队、61个青年节约小组,参加人数有1,326     

金融危机对三钢集团供应链管理的影响及对策

福建省三钢（集团）有限责任公司（以下简称三钢）是一个跨行业、跨所有制的大型钢铁企业，权属企业包括三明化工公司、三安钢铁公司、曲沃闽光焦化公司、阳山铁矿、潘洛铁矿和龙海矿微粉公司。当前随着国际金融危机进一步加深。国际需求大幅度收缩，我国钢材出口急剧减少．加剧了国内钢铁市场竞争。三钢由于本身的区域劣势（内陆山区、资源外购）和固有的“三高”现象（物流成本高、运输成本高、生产成本高），在目前形势下更显出供应链相对脆弱，企业经营困难。     

左永伟同志先进事迹介绍

左永伟，男，安徽宿松县人，１９６６年１０月出生，１９８８年毕业于华东化工学院无机化工专业，工学学士，中共党员，化工高级工程师，现任铜陵有色金属（集团）公司金昌冶炼厂金利贵金属实业有限责任公司经理。左永伟同志思想政治素质过硬，作风正派，工作认真负责，勇于开拓创新，有很强的事业心和无私奉献精神。该同志在见习期间完成了铜陵有色金属（集团）公司二冶磷肥车间尾气吸收系统改造，并开发了氟硅酸钠产品；１９８９年至１９９０年完成了硫酸车间“两塔”改造；１９９１年至１９９９年承担金昌冶炼厂重点技改工程，主持完成了…     

Evaluation of the hospital management of insulin-dependent diabetics

OBJECTIVE: There is a known relationship between blood glucose control and development or progression of complications in diabetes mellitus. The aim of our study was to assess the quality of hospital care in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective study was conducted over a 6-month period (April 95-September 95) to perform a clinical audit comparing results obtained with care standards. The study group included 257 consecutive patients (age range 15-39 years) who consulted the hospital outpatient clinic of were hospitalized for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus RESULTS: Results differed depending on the care standards used for comparison. There were 45 patients (17%) who consulted 4 times or more; 43% of the patients were not hospitalized and 32% did not had a fundus examination during the preceding year. There was a 51% deviation from the standard number of capillary blood glucose measurements and 72% of the patients stated they adapted their insulin dose. Mean glycosylated hemoglobin level (HPLC method) was 9.78 +/- 2.37% (standard = 7%). CONCLUSION: This assessment of hospital care demonstrated a deviation of medical surveillance from standard care. More frequent consultations would help improve patient information. It is important to recall that an annual hospitalization and rigorous application of clinical surveillance with annual fundus examination are essential. Information provided by physicians, nurses and dietitians should be an integral part of hospital care. Likewise, it is undoubtedly useful to provide psychological counselling for diabetic patients. A reassessment should evaluate the impact of such recommendations in order to determine the impact, in terms of reduced mortality, of improved hospital care.     

Physician management of hypercholesterolemia. A randomized trial of continuing medical education

To determine the effect of continuing medical education (CME) on compliance with the recommendations of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on high serum cholesterol levels in adults, we randomly assigned primary physicians in 174 practices to 3 groups, 2 that underwent either standard or intensive CME and a control group. The standard CME group was offered a free 3-hour seminar on high serum cholesterol levels; the intensive CME group was offered in addition follow-up seminars and free office materials. After 18 months, we audited 13,099 medical records from the 140 practices that remained in the study. There were no significant differences (P > .15) in screening for high serum cholesterol or compliance with guidelines between the groups receiving continuing medical education (51% screening; 33% compliance) and the control group (57% screening; 37% compliance). In the prespecified subgroup of patients with hypercholesterolemia, there was a trend toward a modest benefit from the continuing medical education interventions: compliance was 21% in the control group, 23% in the standard CME group, and 27% in the intensive CME group (P = .07 overall). These results emphasize the need for better ways to change behavior in practicing physicians and the importance of studying the implementation of preventive health recommendations.     

Distribution of doxorubicin in the bladder wall and regional lymph nodes after bladder submucosal injection of liposomal doxorubicin in the dog

PURPOSE: Liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin (Lip-Dox) has increased therapeutic efficacy and reduced toxicity compared to free doxorubicin (Dox). To assess the utility of Lip-Dox for local control of bladder cancer, we examined the distribution of Dox in the bladder wall and the regional lymph nodes of dogs after bladder submucosal injection of Lip-Dox. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 8 dogs (group SM), Lip-Dox (2 mg.:1 ml.) was injected into the submucosal layer of each lateral bladder wall by using a flexible cystoscope. The other 8 dogs (group IV) underwent intravenous injection of free Dox (4 mg.). Both groups of animals were sacrificed at 1, 3, 5 or 7 days after the injections. The concentration of Dox was measured in both the mucosal and muscle layers of 5 bladder wall sites and also in the external iliac lymph nodes bilaterally. RESULTS: The Dox-concentration in the lymph nodes of group SM was significantly higher (about 15-100 times) than that of group IV throughout the whole follow-up period. The Dox-concentration in the bladder wall for group SM was significantly higher than that in group IV (about 70-930 times at the lateral walls and 2-830 times at the other sites). CONCLUSION: The present results demonstrate that Lip-Dox injected into the bladder submucosally distributes well, both in the whole bladder wall and in regional lymph nodes and remains at a high concentration in these tissues for at least one week after injection.     

A randomized trial of contingency management delivered in the context of group counseling.

Objective: Contingency management (CM) is efficacious in reducing drug use. Typically, reinforcers are provided on an individual basis to patients for submitting drug-negative samples. However, most treatment is provided in a group context, and poor attendance is a substantial concern. This study evaluated whether adding CM to group-based outpatient treatment would increase attendance and drug abstinence relative to standard care. Method: Substance abusing patients (N = 239) initiating outpatient treatment at 2 community-based clinics were randomized to standard care with frequent urine sample monitoring for 12 weeks (SC) or that same treatment with CM delivered in the context of group counseling sessions. In the CM condition, patients earned opportunities to put their names in a hat based on attendance and submission of drug-negative samples. At group counseling sessions, therapists selected names randomly from the hat, and individuals whose names were drawn won prizes ranging from $1 to $100. Results: Patients assigned to CM earned a median of $160 in prizes, and they attended significantly more days of treatment (d = 0.25), remained in treatment for more continuous weeks (d = 0.40), and achieved longer durations of drug abstinence (d = 0.26) than patients randomized to SC. Group adherence and therapeutic alliance also improved with CM. In addition, HIV risk behaviors were significantly lower in CM relative to SC patients during early phases of treatment and at the 12-month follow-up. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that CM delivered in the context of outpatient group counseling can increase attendance and improve drug abstinence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Dissent over standards in adjuvant management of colon carcinoma

Since 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) plus levamisole substantially reduces the recurrence rate and improves survival in adjuvantly treated patients with curative resected stage III colon cancer this combination has been considered the standard therapy. Shortly thereafter folinic acid modulated 5-FU-therapy also demonstrated adjuvant efficacy compared to surgery alone. Therefore various schedules of folinic acid modulated 5-FU-therapy were compared with the standard regimen (5-FU/levamisole). Randomized multicentric studies revealed: In three of four studies 5-FU/FA is superior to 5-FU/levamisole. Treatment duration of 6 months for 5-FU/FA is similar to 12 months 5-FU/Levamisole. No benefit is obtained for 5-FU/FA by additional levamisole. The effect of regional (portal vein or intraperitoneal) treatment is controversial discussed, but combination of the treatment with systemic chemotherapy versus 5-FU/levamisole demonstrated slightly increased therapeutic efficacy. Immunotherapy with autologous tumor cell-BCG or monoclonal antibody treatment improved survival and is currently investigated in studies with conventional systemic treatment and combined chemoimmunotherapy. Beside treatment in studies patients with colon cancer stage III should be offered adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-FU/FA. Further improvements and adjuvant treatment protocols for stage II carcinoma have to be investigated in studies.     

The addition of tenoxicam to prilocaine for intravenous regional anaesthesia

The analgesic effects of tenoxicam 20 mg added to prilocaine in a standard Bier's block (group 2) was studied in 45 patients who had their Colles' fractures reduced under intravenous regional anaesthesia, and compared both to a control group (group 1), and to a group who received a standard Bier's block combined with the same dose of tenoxicam given intravenously into the contralateral arm (group 3). Patients in group 2 obtained significantly better analgesia than group 1, as judged by a longer time before first additional analgesia was required (p < 0.05), less total analgesic consumption (p < 0.01), and lower pain scores (p < 0.01). These benefits were not obtained by patients in group 3.     

Effects of positive impression management on the NEO Personality Inventory–Revised in a clinical population.

Sixty adults in outpatient psychotherapy completed the NEO Personality Inventory–Revised (NEO PI–R, P. T. Costa & R. R. McCrae, 1992a). Half were instructed to fake good and half were given standard instructions. All completed the Interpersonal Adjective Scale–Revised, Big Five (J. S. Wiggins & P. D. Trapnell, 1997) under standard instructions, and their therapists completed the observer rating form of the NEO Five-Factor Inventory. A comparison group of 30 students completed the NEO PI–R under standard instructions. Standard and fake-good participants obtained significantly different NEO PI–R domain scores. Correlations between the NEO PI–R and criterion measures were significantly lower for faking than for standard patients. Validity scales for the NEO PI–R (J. A. Schinka, B. N. Kinder, & T. Kremer, 1997) were moderately accurate in discriminating faking from standard patients, but were only marginally accurate in discriminating faking patients from students. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Value of dobutamine echocardiography in the detection of coronary disease in heart transplant patient. Groupe de Recherche VACOMED]

The value of Dobutamine stress echocardiography in the detection of coronary artery disease in heart transplant patients was studied in 64 patients at control coronary angiography 39 +/- 14 months after transplantation. Dobutamine was infused at progressively increasing doses (5 to 40 micrograms/kg/min) at 5 minute intervals, in order to reach 85% of the theoretical maximal heart rate or an ischaemic event. Echocardiography was analysed in the 4 standard views which were digitised allowing calculation of a regional wall motion score under basal conditions and at peak dosage in 16 left ventricular segments. Coronary angiography identified three groups: group I: 29 patients with normal coronary arteries; group II: 17 patients with non-significant coronary disease (diffuse or localised stenosis < 50%); group III: 9 patients with significant (> 50%) coronary disease. Dobutamine stress echocardiography showed regional wall motion abnormalities in 2/29 patients in group I, 13/17 patients in group II and all patients in group III (global sensitivity: 85%; specificity: 97%). The contractility score was significantly higher under basal conditions in group III (1.45 +/- 0.54) than in group I (1) and group II (1.17 +/- 0.23). At peak dose, the contractility score was unchanged in group I and increased significantly (p < 0.01) in the other two groups. The authors conclude that Dobutamine echocardiography is a reliable, non-invasive method of detecting coronary disease in cardiac transplant patients, and is particularly valuable for demonstrating myocardial ischaemia related to coronary lesions judged to be not significant at coronary angiography.     

Dorsal sympathectomy and management of thoracic outlet syndrome with VATS

Dorsal sympathectomy and the management of the thoracic outlet syndrome have been considerably improved with the use of video assistance because it affords both magnification and an improved light system. Two techniques of video assistance were employed in the group of patients described here. One involved the sympathectomy done through three ports using standard video-assisted thoracic surgical methods. The second technique involved a transaxillary incision with removal of the first rib using video-assistance magnification and light, operating either directly or secondarily while visualizing the image on the television set. (The vast majority of cases have been performed using this latter technique.) Major indications for performing dorsal sympathectomy include (1) hyperhidrosis, (2) Raynaud's phenomenon, (3) Raynaud's disease, (4) causalgia, (5) reflex sympathetic dystrophy, and (6) vascular insufficiency of the upper extremity. Except for hyperhidrosis, all of the other indications require the usual diagnostic techniques, including cervical sympathetic blockade to assess whether the symptoms are relieved by temporary blockade of the sympathetic ganglia. In 326 patients, sympathectomy, performed either alone or in conjunction with first-rib removal for relief of the thoracic outlet syndrome, has been successful. In only 6 patients has sympathetic activity recurred in less than 6 months. Initially all of them were treated conservatively. Three of the 6 required a repeat sympathectomy. Postsympathectomy neuralgia occurred in only 2 of more than 326 patients. Both cases were managed successfully in a conservative fashion. Among the patients in whom a Horner's syndrome was not deliberately induced, the syndrome developed in 2. In both, the syndrome resolved spontaneously within several months.     

Effects of voucher-based intervention on abstinence and retention in an outpatient treatment for cocaine addiction: A randomized controlled trial.

The aims of this study were to assess whether voucher magnitude improved cocaine abstinence and retention in an outpatient treatment for cocaine dependence, and to determine the effectiveness of a contingency management intervention in a European cultural context. A randomized controlled trial was conducted in which 96 participants who were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment conditions in a community setting: standard outpatient treatment, community reinforcement approach (CRA) plus low monetary value vouchers (each point earned was equivalent to 0.125? US$ 0.18), and CRA plus high monetary value vouchers (each point was worth 0.25? US$ 0.36). In the standard treatment group, mean percentage of cocaine-negative samples was 88.45%, versus 96.09% in the CRA plus low-vouchers group, and 97.07% in the CRA plus high-vouchers group. Retention rate at 6 months was 36.5% in the standard treatment group, 53.3% in the CRA plus low-vouchers group, and 69.0% in the CRA plus high-vouchers group. The CRA plus vouchers groups obtained better results than the standard program. This study showed that treating cocaine addiction by combining CRA with vouchers was more effective than standard treatment in community outpatient programs in Spain. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)