基于神经网络的多窗口频谱估计方法研究

干扰温度估计是认知无线电技术中的关键问题之一.多窗口频谱估计结合奇异值分解技术提供了一种估算射频环境中干扰温度功率谱的有效途径.提出基于神经网络的多窗口频谱估计结合奇异值分解的算法,与传统算法相比,该算法提高了干扰温度估计值的可靠性和准确度,降低了计算复杂度,同时能够适应复杂电磁环境下对干扰温度的实时性估值的要求.     

基于功率谱密度中段平均的频谱感知算法

根据有、无主用户信号时接收信号功率谱最大、最小值差值不同的特点,提出了一种基于功率谱密度中段平均的频谱感知算法.针对估计的信号功率谱在最小值附近波动多、最小值难以根据单个点准确给出的问题,利用接收信号功率谱中段平均值估计功率谱的最小值,降低最小值的随机性对频谱感知算法性能的影响.理论推导了检测门限和检测概率的表达式,并对算法进行了仿真分析.仿真结果表明,在AWGN信道和Rayleigh衰落信道中,本文算法性能都优于已有的功率谱密度频谱感知算法.该算法无需主用户信息,不用进行复杂的特征值分解.     

基于注水原理的TDCS功率分配算法

变换域通信系统(TDCS)具有对环境感知的能力,可以躲避干扰,具有优异的抗干扰性能.传统的TDCS在执行二元判决后采用了平均功率分配,这没有体现出信道间的质量差别.在自适应多门限基函数的基础上,对信道质量进行进一步细化,并基于"注水"原理,对TDCS基函数的功率谱进行优化分配,充分利用好的信道条件,舍弃较差的信道,对功率进行优化分配.仿真结果表明,采用此种算法能明显提高系统容量,具有很好的系统性能.     

利用功率谱最大最小值的频谱感知算法

为了提高频谱感知性能,首先利用功率谱函数特性和瑞利熵概念,从理论上分析了基于功率谱的频谱感知算法原理,提出一种以功率谱的最大最小值之差作为检测统计量的频谱感知新算法;然后推导给出了检测门限和检测概率表达式;最后给出了仿真结果。理论分析和仿真结果表明,在AWGN信道和Rayleigh衰落信道中本文算法都具有良好的检测性能,性能优于已有的利用功率谱的频谱感知算法,该算法不需要主用户信息,不用进行复杂的特征值分解,当虚警概率确定时,检测门限能准确给出。      

博弈论框架下认知小蜂窝网络的动态资源分配算法

为提高认知小蜂窝网络(CSCN)的系统容量,本文基于博弈论框架分析了上行链路中频谱、小蜂窝基站和功率的动态分配行为.传统的频谱分配方案只考虑了异质网路中相互独立频带间的最优分配,而没有考虑可重叠频段间的分配模式和上行链路资源的联合优化.基于此,本文提出了一种具有频带可交叉特性的联合分配模型.通过引入干扰温度限制、全新的干扰算子和记忆因子构造了一种新型的上行注水功率算法.仿真结果表明,基于博弈理论的动态选择特性和干扰温度的干扰避免准则,本算法可以有效提高CSCN的吞吐量和鲁棒性.     

基于认知OFDM的子载波功率分配改进算法

在认知无线网络中,建立了基于认知OFDM多载波资源分配数学模型,在授权用户干扰受限条件下,以最大化传输速率为目标进行认知用户的子载波功率分配。传统注水法被证明是最优的单用户子载波功率分配算法,在传统注水法功率分配基础上,提出了两种可行的子载波功率分配改进算法,改进算法一是通过对水面值的粗略估计快速确定不分配功率子载波,改进算法二不需要通过迭代计算水面值,只通过线性计算就可以直接确定不分配功率的子载波,且对授权用户不产生干扰。仿真结果表明,在改进的两种子载波功率分配算法下,认知用户的数据传输速率优于传统注水法功率分配时认知用户的数据速率,所提改进算法具有自适应特性且计算复杂度大大降低。      

认知无线网状网中基于差分演化的功率控制与信道分配

信道分配对于提高认知无线网状网性能具有重要作用.考虑到节点功率对网络干扰的影响,定义了网络干扰边及潜在干扰边,通过量化通信功率控制等级,给出了联合功率控制与信道分配的网络模型.提出一种基于差分演化的功率控制与信道分配算法,设计了实数编码规则及相应的约束控制机制以保证个体的有效性,确保算法的快速收敛.一系列仿真实验表明本文算法的有效性.     

基于主用户信号谱特征的频谱感知方法

频谱感知是认知无线电的关键技术之一。首先讨论了一种基于信号频谱特征的频谱感知方法,提出了一种判决统计量,克服了噪声功率不确定性的影响。给出了算法流程,并采用ATSC（ad-vanced television systems committee）信号作为主用户信号对算法性能进行了仿真分析。结果表明：选择较多点快速Fourier变换（FFT,fast fourier transform）估计得到的理想主用户信号功率谱作为模板所得的检测概率较高;FFT点数相同情况下,增加谱模板估计时的周期图平均次数对检测性能没有多大改进。另外,不同观测时间下的仿真结果还表明增加接收信号的观测时间有利于改进算法检测性能。     

一种改进的认知无线电循环功率谱特征检测算法

通过对认知无线电频谱检测技术的研究,结合通信信号普遍存在的循环平稳特性,本文首先较为详细地阐述了循环功率谱的基本概念,随后提出了可应用于认知无线电频谱检测的基于二阶循环平稳特性的循环功率谱特征检测算法,并依据认知无线电的实际需求对检测算法进行了修正.在此基础上,以现代通信系统较为常用的QPSK调制信号进行了检测算法的仿真,并根据仿真结果对算法的有效检测性能进行了详细的分析,实际应用也验证了检测算法的可行性.     

认知无线电能量检测与循环谱检测算法研究

频谱检测是认知无线电的关键技术之一.通过对认知无线电频谱检测技术中的能量检测和循环谱检测技术进行研究,并对能量检测性能、观测数据长度和接收信噪比之间的定量关系进行分析;同时,还介绍了循环谱检测算法的原理,并仿真了不同信噪比下能量检测和循环谱检测算法的性能.仿真结果表明,循环谱检测算法具有比能量检测算法更高的检测灵敏度.     

在自适应滤波器中干扰信号检测算法的研究

本文针对自适应滤波器性能易受外部干扰的影响,提出了一种基于自适滤波器进行干扰信号检测(AFDI)的算法,它可以提高自适应算法的抗噪声性能。最后对该算法在强干扰环境的性能进行了模拟,结果表明其各方面的性能指标均优于传统结构的自适应滤波器。     

Narrow-band interference excision in spread-spectrum systems usingself-orthogonalizing transform-domain adaptive filters

Among many transform-domain interference excision techniques, transform-domain adaptive filtering has many advantages. It is based on a true optimization of some particular performance parameters such as the bit-error rate (BER). Moreover, it is insensitive to jammer frequency. However, transform-domain adaptive filtering also has the drawback of being incapable of tracking a rapidly changing interference because most adaptive algorithms require time to converge to the optimal solution. In this paper, a self-orthogonalizing transform-domain least mean square (SO-TRLMS) algorithm is used to speed up the convergence. Compared to a traditional transform-domain least mean square (TRLMS) algorithm, the SO-TRLMS algorithm can significantly improve the convergence rate of the LMS algorithm, thus making the transform-domain adaptive filtering technique more suitable for real-time processing. In order to show how the system performance is affected by various factors such as interference power and the transform used, this paper presents an analytical result for the BER performance that is applicable for arbitrary orthogonal linear transforms. Simulation results are also presented to demonstrate the validity of the analysis     

语音信号增强系统设计与仿真

在信号处理中语音增强是一个重要分支,针对语音信号不得不在噪声和干扰环境下通信的现状,采用自适应滤波算法设计了语音信号噪声和干扰抑制系统,首先对LMS算法进行了推导,并且对噪声和干扰环境下的自适应滤波器性能进行了仿真分析,仿真结果表明:该设计抑制干扰和噪声的性能较好,对语音信号的增强明显,为该系统在硬件上实现提供了理论基础。     

基于自适应对消的单通道相位编码同频异步干扰抑制

针对相位编码脉冲压缩雷达,利用多部雷达发射信号调相码间较好的正交性,结合自适应干扰对消原理,提出了一种基于自适应对消的单通道相位编码同频异步干扰抑制算法,在单通道情况下较好地抑制了同频异步干扰。并提出了同频异步干扰对消的结构,从统计特性与维纳霍夫方程两方面对算法进行性能分析。仿真表明,该算法在干信比38dB时脉压处理后主副比可达到20dB。     

一种可实现的盲自适应多址干扰抑制接收机

本文提出了几种自适应方法来跟踪目标用户的幅度,从而克服了基于恒模的盲自适应多址干扰抑制算法中,由于估计幅值选择不合适而造成算法不收敛的缺点,保证了算法的全局收敛,并提高了干扰抑制能力。计算机仿真结果证明了该方法的有效性与可行性。     

DS/CDMA多用户检测盲自适应梯度算法的改进

本文在直接序列/码分多址(DS/CDMA)系统盲检测自适应梯度算法(BAG)的基础上,提出了一种多用户检测盲自适应梯度算法的改进算法(IBAG).BAG算法包括自适应梯度算法(TBAG)和时变自适应梯度算法(TIBAG),TBAG算法的跟踪特性较好,但起始收敛特性不好;TIBAG算法的收敛特性较好,但跟踪特性较差,几乎不具备跟踪能力.本改进算法结合了这两种自适应梯度算法的优点,在不增加算法复杂度的前提下,使其收敛性和跟踪特性较BAG算法有所提高.     

基于DFT的自适应窄带干扰抑制算法研究

介绍了一种频域自适应窄带干扰抑制的方法,该方法基于离散DFF（傅里叶变换）技术,在频域采用N-∑算法自适应确定干扰抑制门限,可以有效地去除窄带干扰对宽带通信系统解调性能的影响,适用于DSSS（直接系列扩频）信号中去除强窄带干扰信号的影响。该算法简单高效,非常适合于数字硬件实现,实验和实测结果表明了该算法的有效性。     

Parallel Interference Cancellation in Multiuser CDMA Channel Estimation

Parallel interference cancellation (PIC) based channel parameter estimators for frequency selective fading channels are proposed for the uplink in code-division multiple-access (CDMA) mobile communication systems. The performance of PIC based algorithms depends heavily on the quality of the multiple-access interference estimates, which can be improved by using adaptive channel estimation filters. The performance of two adaptive complex channel coefficient estimation filters has been verified in a fading channel by computer simulations. According to the results, the PIC based adaptive channel estimators outperform clearly conventional, successive interference cancellation, and decorrelation based adaptive channel estimators. The PIC method is also used in delay tracking. By using the principles of sample-correlate-choose-largest (SCCL) delay trackers, a robust algorithm for multiuser delay tracking in fading channels is obtained.     

Adaptive interference canceler for narrowband and widebandinterferences using higher order statistics

A new higher order statistics-based adaptive interference canceler is introduced to mitigate narrowband and wideband interferences in environments where the interference is non-Gaussian and a reference signal, which is highly correlated with the interference, is available. The new scheme uses higher order statistics (HOS) of the primary and reference inputs and employs a gradient-type algorithm for updating the adaptive filter coefficients. The update equation of the HOS-based adaptive filter is independent of uncorrelated Gaussian noises and can mitigate the interference more effectively than adaptive filters based on second-order statistics. The performance of the. HOS-based adaptive filter is much less sensitive to the choice of the step size parameter than the adaptive filters based on the LMS algorithm. It is demonstrated, by means of extensive simulations, that the HOS-based filter can mitigate both narrowband and wideband interferences effectively. Comparisons with adaptive filters based on the LMS algorithm and second-order statistics are also presented in the paper     

Coexistence of IEEE 802.11b and Bluetooth: An Integrated Performance Analysis

IEEE 802.11b wireless networks and Bluetooth networks provide complimentary services using the same unlicensed radio frequency band. As the benefits of utilizing these services become increasingly apparent, the likelihood of mutual interference also increases. The well-known frequency hopping algorithm and adaptive frequency hopping algorithm do not fully consider the interference level of the operating environment. In this paper an algorithm called interference-aware adaptive frequency hopping (IAFH) is presented and implemented on Bluetooth devices to mitigate the interference between IEEE 802.11b and Bluetooth wireless networks. An analytical model of IAFH is developed to evaluate the performance of 802.11b stations and Bluetooth devices in a mutual interference environment. The analysis comprises the collision probability, packet error rate, and throughput performance for both IEEE 802.11b and Bluetooth wireless networks. Simulation results confirm that 802.11b station and IAFH-enabled Bluetooth devices experience lower packet error rates and better throughput as compared to the frequency hopping and adaptive frequency hopping algorithms.