啮合同向双螺杆挤出过程六棱柱元件三维流场分析

应用ANSYS有限元分析软件对啮合同向双螺杆挤出机中的新型螺杆元件－六棱柱元件（FTX Polygon)进行了三维等温非牛顿流场模拟分析，并与捏合块元件的流场分析结果进行了对比，得到了在相同压差下六棱柱元件比捏合块元件产率高、剪切速率场更均匀且两种元件分散混合能力相近的结论。     

啮合同向双螺杆捏合块元件混合效果的数值模拟分析与实验研究

对啮合同向双螺杆捏合块元件的动态流场进行了流场模拟与统计学分析，并对分析结果进行了实验验证。通过宽、窄捏合块两种螺杆元件的动态流场模拟，应用统计学分析方法计算了两种流场的停留时间分布、最大剪切速率分布以及固定百分比粒子经受的剪切速率分布随时间的变化。得出了宽捏合块元件的分散混合能力高于窄捏合块的结论，这一结论与实验结果较为一致。     

啮合同向双螺杆挤出机中新型螺杆元件S型元件与捏合块元件的性能对比研究

应用FEM模拟计算了啮合员向双螺杆挤出机正反向螺纹组合的新型螺杆元件S型元件与捏合块元件的流场，考查了两种元件流场的特性，对比了两种元件流场的挤出特性、分散和分布混合能力。得出在相同有操作条件下，相同外径的S型元件和捏合盘元件相比具有相当的分散混合能力、更加优异的分布混合能力和更加优异的生产能力的结论。     

混合元件对玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯中玻璃纤维长度的影响

对啮合同向双螺杆挤出机90 °捏合块、六棱柱、变间隙转子3种混合元件流道流场进行了数值模拟,分析3种元件的混合性能。实验研究了使用3种不同元件的螺杆组合对玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯（GFRPP）复合材料中玻璃纤维长度的影响。结果表明,啮合同向双螺杆挤出机中聚合物熔体产生的剪切对玻璃纤维长度影响明显,混合元件的剪切越强,制品中玻璃纤维的平均长度就越短,制品的拉伸强度和冲击强度越低。     

啮合同向双螺杆挤出机偏心六棱柱元件混合性能的研究

提出了一种新型的偏心六棱柱元件,并对其混合流场进行三维非牛顿等温模拟;比较了六棱柱元件和偏心六棱柱元件的混合性能,同时通过添加10 %（质量分数,下同）玻璃纤维增强的聚碳酸酯共混改性实验,对两者的混合效果进行了评估和表征。结果表明,由于流场中引入了明显的拉伸流动,偏心六棱柱的分散和分布混合能力优于六棱柱元件,所制备的玻璃纤维增强材料的韧性提升超过40 %,并且热变形温度提高了7 ℃。     

新型捏合盘元件不同螺杆构型混合性能的数值模拟

采用POLYFLOW模拟软件分析了啮合同向双螺杆挤出机中新型捏合盘元件下物料的流动模式。考察了新型捏合盘元件的斜棱旋向、捏合块组合的错列角对物料在流道中的剪切速率、出入口压差以及回流量的影响。数值模拟分析结果表明:4种新型捏合块构型的输送特性和混合性能均有所不同。在正向输送能力方面,右旋正向捏合块更佳,在分布、分散混合性能方面,左旋反向捏合块更佳,并且捏合块的正反向比单片捏合块的螺旋方向在输送能力、混合性能上影响更大。     

PE-HD/炭黑在捏合块元件内分散混合的数值模拟研究

使用Polyflow软件,计算了3种捏合块元件内高密度聚乙烯（PE-HD）熔体的三维拟稳态流场。引入炭黑在聚合物熔体中的分散数学模型,计算了不同捏合块中炭黑聚集体的粒径分布,比较了3种捏合块流道内炭黑在PE-HD中的分散混合效果。数值结果表明,捏合盘厚度大的捏合块,剪切拉伸作用较强,分散混合能力较强。     

啮合异向双螺杆不同螺纹元件的数值模拟及其制备PP阻燃电缆的研究

首先应用POLYELOW软件对啮合异向双螺杆常规三头螺纹元件和VCR(Various Clearances Rotors)元件进行流场模拟。通过对剪切速率场、压力场、平均剪切速率分布、平均压力分布、停留时间分布、最大剪切速率概率密度分布的对比研究,发现VCR元件和常规三头螺纹元件均有较好的混合能力。分别用带有这两种元件的螺杆组合对即阻燃材料进行挤出实验,制得了力学性能较好的样条,实验结果与模拟预期的结论基本一致。     

同向双螺杆支撑元件的流场模拟

对比分析了啮合同向双螺杆挤出机新型滑动支撑元件和滚动支撑元件的结构特点,通过Polyflow流场模拟,得出了2种支撑元件的压力分布与剪切速率分布,基于流体动力学原理及流变学原理分析了支撑元件的压力场与剪切速率场,重点讨论了物料的熔体流动速率对2种支撑元件压力消耗的影响。结果表明:支撑元件属于耗压元件,与双头螺纹元件相比,3种元件的流道出口-入口压差绝对值大小关系为双头螺纹元件滑动支撑元件滚动支撑元件;与捏合块元件相比,3种元件流道的加权平均剪切速率大小关系为捏合块元件滚动支撑元件滑动支撑元件,支撑元件对物料的分散混合不会造成明显的影响;支撑元件更适用于加工高熔体流动速率物料的螺杆组合。     

啮合同向双螺杆3种构型的模拟分析和实验研究

通过数值模拟方法对3种含捏合盘元件螺杆构型的剪切速率、停留时间和回流量等指标进行了分析,通过实验对3种螺杆构型的混合性能进行了对比。结果表明,90°捏合盘元件与反向捏合盘元件组合可以达到较好的分布混合效果,45°捏合盘元件与反向捏合盘元件的组合可以达到较好的分散混合能力,捏合段加入反向螺纹元件并不能提高分布混合能力,但可以延长停留时间。     

Polymer blend mixing and dispersion in the kneading section of a twin-screw extruder

This paper examines the mechanisms by which a polymer is dispersed in a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. An experimental investigation of the morphological evolution has been carried out on a 45-mm co-rotating twin-screw extruder. Polyethylene/polystyrene (PE/PS) blends in the low concentration range (i.e., 5–15 wt% of PE) were used as a model system. The following general trends were observed. First, the minor phase right after melting is predominantly in a fibrillar form. Secondly, droplet and fiber diameter at this early stage of compounding are already in the micron or sub-micron range. Even though a wide variety of mixing section configurations were used, the fibers created in the early compounding stages were relatively stable throughout extrusion. Morphological evolution after melting must therefore be discussed in terms of variation in the fiber fraction (i.e., fiber to droplet transition) rather than in a change in particle diameter. A control volume model for the flow in kneading blocks is used to interpret the morphological results and to predict the deformation and breakup of dispersed phase fibers under shear and in absence of coalescence. Theoretical results indicate that fiber breakup under shear is not likely in the kneading block under the normal processing conditions, which is confirmed by morphological observations made at the mixing section exit. The influence of several geometrical parameters on mixing and pumping in kneading blocks is also discussed with the use of flow model results.     

铝粉高填充材料混合流场数值模拟及实验研究

应用Polyflow软件模拟计算了4种总长度为440 mm的螺杆熔体混合段内铝粉高填充复合材料的三维混合流场。通过对各个螺杆组合流道的剪切速率、剪切应力、轴向速度分布等指标进行分析,研究了这4种螺杆组合的流场分布规律和混合性能;分别对每个螺杆组合上的不同元件的混合特性进行直观的对比。数值模拟与实验分析结果表明,带有反向螺纹元件和捏合块的螺杆对填充材料中的超细铝粉具有更优的综合混合能力。     

3‐D numerical analysis on the mixing performance for assemblies with filled zone of right‐handed and left‐handed double‐flighted screws and kneading blocks in twin‐screw extruders

We have calculated and visualized numerically the mixing performances of four kinds of assemblies in twin‐screw extruders that were composed of right‐handed or left‐handed double‐flighted full flight screws and neutral or left‐handed stagger angle kneading blocks, taking into consideration industrial usage. We have found that the mixing performance of a kneading block interposed between full flighted screws is strongly influenced by the flow of full flighted screws, in particular that of a neutral kneading block. Furthermore, we have proposed the simple mixing indices, which could describe both uniform mixing and heterogeneous mixing, and also applied them to our marker tracking results of four kinds of assemblies. We found that more uniform mixing is obtained for the assembly that has a neutral kneading block before the right‐handed full flight screw, and a more enhanced heterogeneous mixing is obtained for the assembly that has a left‐handed kneading block before the left‐handed full flight screw. The reason for the latter mixing ability will relate to the quasi‐channels of the left‐handed kneading block, through which marker clusters flow while elongating.     

Mixing mechanism of three‐tip kneading block in twin screw extruders

In recent years, twin screw extruders have been applied to various kinds of polymer processing. It has been important to find their optimum geometrical configurations and operational processing conditions for the best performance of extrusions and products. Many engineers have been evolving numerical and the experimental methods to characterize the mixing performance for twin screw extruders. We have carried out three‐dimensional flow simulations of kneading blocks in intermeshing co‐rotating twin screw extruders by using the finite element method to quantify their ability in distributive and dispersive mixing. We discuss their performance in distributive mixing for three different type of kneading blocks in terms of the residence time distribution and the nearest distance between markers at various periods of time, by using the marker tracking method. Those numerical techniques and applications of mixing indices have enabled us to quantify and evaluate their abilities in distributive mixing of kneading blocks in twin screw extruders.     

Study of mixing efficiency in kneading discs of co-rotating twin-screw extruders

Co-rotating twin-screw extruders are widely used for compounding and blending in polymer processing. In a modular machine, the dominant elements determining dispersive mixing efficiency are the kneading discs. A fluid dynamics analysis package - FIDAP, using the finite element method was implemented to simulate the 3-D isothermal flow patterns in the kneading disc region of a Werner & Pfleiderer ZSK-53 co-rotating twin-screw extruder. The kneading discs simulated are three-lobe discs. The flow field characteristics relevant for dispersive mixing are shear stresses generated and elongational flow components. We compare these flow characteristics for the three-lobe kneading discs of the ZSK-53 with the two-lobe discs of a ZSK-30 machine. We also discuss the influence of processing parameters on the flow field mixing efficiency.     

非啮合多过程元件的实验研究

对非啮合多过程元件(NI-MPE)进行了一系列的实验研究，证明了用有限元分析软件对包括非啮合多过程元件组合流道流场分析的方法是可行的，得出的结果是可靠的。实验结果还表明：采用非啮合多过程元件螺杆组合得到的试样的力学性能均比采用常规螺纹元件螺杆组合得到的试样的力学性能好。     

卧式单轴捏合反应器流动与混合特性的数值模拟

选取卧式单轴捏合反应器为研究对象,搭建了一个可视化实验装置来研究其分布混合过程,并且通过三维有限元数值模拟方法和网格重叠技术获取了高黏牛顿流体在反应器中的流速分布、剪切速率分布与混合指数分布,进一步采用粒子示踪技术分析了全局与局部分布混合过程,对示踪粒子的运动轨迹进行统计分析得到了拉伸率与混合效率,并且考察了搅拌结构对流动与混合过程的影响。结果表明,实验与数值模拟结果吻合较好。捏合反应器中几乎不存在流动死区,搅拌轴上的动态捏合杆与搅拌槽壁面上的静态捏合杆之间存在周期性的捏合作用,可以强化自清洁性能、剪切作用、整体与局部分布混合过程、分散混合性能以及混合效率。拉伸率随着混合时间以指数形式增加,时均混合效率大于零。     

基于ANSYS软件的双螺杆挤出机的计算机模拟与分析

介绍了应用ANSYS软件对常用的啮合型同向旋转双螺杆挤出机挤压加工过程进行计算机模拟分析的方法、过程和主要结论;同时介绍了其他常用流体软件对双螺杆挤出机模拟分析的应用情况。分析表明:用ANSYS软件可以对双螺杆挤出机的螺纹流道、捏合块进行压力场、速度场、流量及回流、剪切速率、剪应力和混合效果等计算机模拟分析分,析结果与实验结果基本一致。