疲劳恢复型运动补剂的研发及市场前景分析

采用海参、文蛤和牡蛎提取物为主要原料,结合牛磺酸、支链氨基酸、左旋肉碱、维生素和微量元素开发一种疲劳恢复型运动补剂。选取40名大学生作为研究对象,分别观察服用运动补剂后参与运动和不参与运动的效果。结果表明运动食用组人员血液指标、饮食和体重情况以及耐力游泳成绩均优于运动对照组,而安静食用组人员血液指标、饮食和体重情况以及耐力游泳成绩均优于安静对照组。安全性分析证实运动补剂具有足够安全性。通过市场前景预测,疲劳恢复型运动补剂可具有年产值100亿以上的全球市场,具有较好的研发和推广前景。     

抗运动性疲劳的营养补充研究

人在大量运动下,就会出现运动性疲劳。简单来说,运动性疲劳就是运动本身引起的机体工作能力暂时降低的生理现象,一般在适当休息和调整后就可以恢复正常。近年来,我国体育事业发展迅速,体育竞争也越来越激励,这就对体育运动员也提出了更高的要求,为了更好的提高运动员的运动能力,就需要进行不断的训练,而在高强度、高压力的运动训练下,运动员就很容易出现运动性疲劳。运动性疲劳会直接影响到运动员的运动能力。因此,如何有效消除运动员的运动性疲劳是体育训练过程中需要重点考虑的问题。而营养补充在消除运动性疲劳方面就发挥着重要的作用。本文就营养补充与运动性疲劳这一问题进行详细分析,希望能够为相关工作者提供一些参考意见。     

运动营养补剂种类概述及使用建议

运动营养补剂的主要功能是提高机体运动和代谢能力,促进运动性疲劳恢复,为提高运动成绩、强健体魄、增肌或减脂提供助力。本文对运动营养补剂进行概述并对运动员和健身者摄入补剂提供合理建议,以期为补剂的选择提供参考。     

减脂类运动营养补剂对运动爱好者抗疲劳和体脂水平的影响

目的 研究运动营养补剂对人身体成分的改善情况,为塑形运动爱好者使用和选择运动营养补剂提供参考和指导。方法 以氨酰胺胶囊、乳清蛋白粉冲剂、左旋肉碱胶囊、血红素含片四种运动营养补剂为变量,以实验法和数据统计分析法为研究方法,通过观察48名塑形运动爱好者训练前后的身体指标差异来探寻运动营养补剂对运动爱好者身体机能的影响效果。结果 服用运动营养补剂的实验组人员身高、体重、体身体成分、血清指标、乳酸酸脱氢酶和肌酸激酶等身体指标均优于空白对照组。说明在运动中使用运动营养补剂对身体机能状态有改善作用,同时,还证明了运动爱好者的身体各方面都要优于平时很少运动的人群。     

运动营养补剂的研究进展

运动营养补剂的种类和应用较广泛,但是对于运动营养补剂的系统性研究仍未能深入展开,不能更好适应运动员营养补充的基本要求。因此,通过梳理当前对运动营养补剂的研究现状并结合现有生物学研究技术,提出应用基因组学、蛋白质组学及代谢组学等系统生物学方法进行运动营养补剂的系统性研究,旨在提高运动营养补剂的研究能力和应用价值。     

运动补剂的研究现状及其对运动员选择补剂的建议

运动员除了合理膳食,还需要摄入高纯度、易吸收的运动补剂强化补充,以促进疲劳恢复、改善机能、提高运动能力。本文综述了运动补剂的监管现状,评价了运动补剂的优缺点,并主要介绍了恢复体能类、提高免疫力类及电解质和微量元素类运动补剂,总结了运动补剂中可能添加的违禁药物,并为运动员选择合适的运动补剂提出建议,以期为运动员的补剂选择提供参考。     

天然物质抗运动性疲劳活性分子机理的研究进展

运动性疲劳是由于多因素综合叠加、相互作用引发的机体运动机能下降的状态。近年来研究表明,膳食补充中草药或食物来源的天然物质可以有效延缓运动性疲劳,然而其内在机理不尽相同。该文综述国内外有关天然物质抗运动性疲劳生物活性的研究文献,从增加机体能量物质储备、促进脂肪供能、维持氧化还原稳态、增强线粒体生物合成和修复线粒体损伤、减少代谢物堆积和抑制神经递质的累积等方面总结其调控作用的内在分子机理。     

青少年运动员的运动营养与疲劳消除研究

青少年运动员正处于生长发育的关键时期,长时间、高强度的运动训练负荷及其在面对竞赛前的心理变化等都会影响青少年运动员的训练效果与竞赛表现.在日常训练中,需高度重视青少年的运动营养补充与饮食搭配、采取科学有效的措施消除并缓解其运动疲劳,进而使其快速恢复良好运动状态.文章以青少年运动员发育特征为切入点,从营养元素及饮食两方面...     

健美操运动员运动性疲劳与恢复研究

随着世界竞技健美操运动的快速发展,竞技健美操动作的难度也越来越大,技术越来越全面,强度越来越高,在训练和比赛中出现运动性疲劳的几率越来越高,影响了正常的训练和比赛成绩的提高。运动性疲劳是指:在训练或比赛达到一定程度后,运动员身体各器官及机能暂时下降的一种状态,也是机体正常的一种保护性抑制。     

运动性疲劳与恢复的研究与进展

运动性疲劳是运动员常见的问题。本文就不同类型的运动性疲劳进行分析,并介绍科学的疲劳恢复的方法,以增强身体的机能并缩短疲劳恢复的时间。     

2017~2018年铜川市运动员食用营养品有效成分分析与评价

目的 了解铜川市2017~2018年运动员食用营养品的功效成分状况, 为运动营养品的功效分析评价和有效的监督管理提供科学依据。方法 于2017~2018年, 采集铜川市8类运动营养食品, 按照国家标准及实验室方法进行功效成分含量的测定, 测定肌酸、蛋白质、番茄红素、牛磺酸等指标, 分析检测结果, 评价铜川市运动员食用营养品的功效成分状况。结果 2017~2018年铜川市共采集40份运动营养品样本, 合格样本28份, 不合格样本12份, 合格率为70%。结论 铜川市2017~2018年运动营养品存在较小程度的隐患, 但有必要针对运动营养品中营养标签标识以及功效成分检测标准加强监督和管理。     

Assessing nutritional quality of milk-based sport supplements as determined by furosine

Milk proteins have a strong position in the sport nutrition markets, such as sport supplements for highly trained athletes, apart from bodybuilders. Furosine, a well-known index for the availability of lysine and subsequently of the extent of the Maillard reaction, was evaluated in different common ingredients used for formulation, as well in commercial sport supplements. Furosine content ranged from 2.8 to 1125.7 mg/100 g protein in commercial sport supplements being usually lower in samples containing mainly whey protein isolates or casein, as compared with whey protein concentrates. It is estimated that 0.1–36.7% of the lysine content is not available in this type of products. The use of high quality ingredients for the manufacture of sport supplements reveals important, since it could be the major source of protein intake of certain group of consumers in high or moderate training regime. Furosine is an appropriate indicator to estimate the nutritional quality of sport supplements. A reference value of 70 mg furosine/100 g protein content in dried sport supplements could be set up for controlling the quality of milk-based ingredients used in the formulation. Samples with higher levels are suspected of use of low quality milk-based ingredients or inappropriate storage conditions.     

A review of the relative efficacy of dietary,nutritional supplements,lifestyle, and drug therapies in the management of hypertension

Despite advancements in hypertensive therapies, the prevalence of hypertension and associated morbidities are still immense. Physicians are in great need for updated information on novel and effective antihypertensive therapies. Therefore, the study objective was to provide comprehensive information on the efficacy of available antihypertensive therapies. Antihypertensive therapies were divided into four general approaches: diet, nutritional supplements, lifestyle modification, and conventional antihypertensive medications. A search of PubMed and Google Scholar resulted in an analysis of 30 antihypertensive therapies from meta-analyses and randomized-controlled trials (RCTs). The studies were analyzed using the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology classification system. Calculated average blood pressure reductions were: (systolic/diastolic) 6/4 mmHg, 4/2 mmHg, 5/3 mmHg, and 9/5 mmHg for dietary, nutritional supplements, lifestyle, and medications, respectively. The results demonstrate that dietary, nutritional supplement and lifestyle strategies have a solid level of evidence to support their efficacy as antihypertensive strategies. These strategies can be as effective as medications and, in some cases, even more effective. Dissemination of this information to physicians/dietitians can help facilitate an important shift in hypertension management.     

黑米糠用于运动食品开发的价值探讨及展望

通过对黑米糠中10种运动营养成分的分析表明,黑米糠是难得的潜在运动营养食品原料。黑米糠的运动功效研究主要集中在花青苷的功效研究。现有研究结论显示,黑米糠具有抗氧化、抗疲劳、抗炎、提高免疫力和清除自由基的潜在活性。本研究指出开发黑米糠运动食品的8个途径,旨在引起体育科研工作者对黑米糠运动营养源的关注,为运动食品增添新成员和黑米糠资源的利用提供新途径。     

运动营养补充剂应用研究进展

对于职业运动员和运动爱好者来说, 如何补充营养是其最关心的问题。随着运动营养食品概念的提出, 相关的产品也层出不穷, 经过近些年的研究, 一些活性成分在运动营养补充剂的应用及其作用得到了证实。然而, 任何关于性能补充剂都要考虑使用该产品是安全、合法的。本文着重介绍了体育运动中使用的一些常见和新出现的营养补剂, 及其实际运动过程中应用的可行性, 为新型运动营养食品的开发及合理应用提供理论参考。     

Detection of selected stimulants as contaminants in solid nutritional supplements by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry

Nutritional supplements are frequently used by athletes and can contain substances banned by the World Anti Doping Agency (WADA). The aim of this study was to develop a screening method for the detection of selected stimulants in solid nutritional supplements. Analysis of the samples was performed on an LCQ-Deca^® instrument after an acidic wash with n-pentane and an alkaline liquid/liquid extraction with diethylether. The mass spectrometer was operated in full scan MS² using positive ionisation. Detection limits (LODs) were equal or below 50 ng/g for all compounds except strychnine (100 ng/g). The suitability of the method for routine application was illustrated by the analysis of two suspicious samples.     

Content of phytoestrogens in soy-based dietary supplements

The isoflavone content of 14 soy-based dietary supplements intended to help alleviate perimenopausal and menopausal symptoms on sale in Italy were analysed using HPLC with UV detection. The aim was to quantify soy isoflavones after hydrolysis as aglycones, which are the bioactive part of isoflavone molecules. In the examined products, the amounts of isoflavones were frequently expressed ambiguously, and none of the products stated whether the isoflavone content of the product was expressed as aglycones or as conjugates. Each product revealed a different aglycone concentration profile. These supplements have different “fingerprints”, probably due to different sources of raw materials and to methods used in processing and preparation of extracts. In more than half the supplements tested, the actual values contained were below those stated and below those expected to help alleviate perimenopausal and menopausal symptoms.     

Monitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in food supplements containing botanicals and other ingredients on the Dutch market

Food supplements can contain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has defined 16 priority PAH that are both genotoxic and carcinogenic and identified eight priority PAH (PAH8) or four of these (PAH4) as good indicators of the toxicity and occurrence of PAH in food. The current study aimed to determine benzo[a]pyrene and other EFSA priority PAH in different categories of food supplements containing botanicals and other ingredients. From 2003 to 2008, benzo[a]pyrene exceeded the limit of quantification (LOQ) in 553 (44%) of 1258 supplements with a lower-bound mean of 3.37?µg?kg^?1. In 2008 and 2009, benzo[a]pyrene and 12 other EFSA priority PAH were determined in 333 food supplements. Benzo[a]pyrene exceeded the LOQ in 210 (63%) food supplements with a lower-bound mean of 5.26?µg?kg^?1. Lower-bound mean levels for PAH4 and PAH8(-indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene) were 33.5 and 40.5?µg?kg^?1, respectively. Supplements containing resveratrol, Ginkgo biloba, St. John's wort and propolis showed relatively high PAH4 levels in 2008 and 2009. Before 2008, supplements with these ingredients and also dong quai, green tea or valerian contained relatively high benzo[a]pyrene levels. On average, PAH4 intake resulting from food supplement use will be at the lower end of the range of contributions of main food groups to PAH4 exposure, although individual food supplements can contribute significantly to PAH4 exposure. Regular control of EFSA indicator PAH levels in food supplements may prove a way forward to reduce further the intake of PAH from food.     

Occurrence of aflatoxins in milk thistle herbal supplements

Milk thistle (MT) dietary supplements are widely consumed due to their possible liver-health-promoting properties. As botanicals they can be contaminated with a variety of fungi and their secondary metabolites, mycotoxins. The aflatoxigenic fungus Aspergillus flavus has been previously isolated from these commodities. Currently, there is no published method for determining aflatoxins (AFs) in MT. Therefore, a liquid chromatography (LC) method validated for aflatoxin analysis in botanicals was evaluated and applied to MT. The method consisted of acetonitrile/water extraction, immunoaffinity column clean-up, LC separation, post-column photochemical reaction derivatisation and fluorescence detection. The average recoveries for AFs added to MT seeds, herb, oil-based liquid extract and alcohol-based liquid extract were 76% or higher. The mean relative standard deviation was <10%. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.01?µg kg^?1 and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.03?µg kg^–1. The method was used to conduct a small survey. A total of 83 MT samples from the US market were analysed. AFs were detected in 19% of the samples with levels ranging from 0.04 to 2.0?µg kg^–1. Additionally, an aflatoxigenic A. flavus strain from ATTC and an A. parasiticus strain isolated from MT herb powder were found to produce high amounts of aflatoxins (11,200 and 49,100?µg kg^–1, respectively) when cultured in MT seed powder. This is the first study reporting on aflatoxin contamination of MT botanical supplements and identifying methodology for AF analysis of these commodities.