乳状液膜法处理粘胶纤维厂的含锌废水

针对粘胶纤维厂排放的含锌废水，对乳状液膜的制备条件、乳状液与废水的混合分离工艺和交流高电压破乳器设计方法进行了较为详细的理论和实验研究。结果表明，在最佳操作条件下，经一级液膜分离，废水中锌离子浓度可降至５ｐｐｍ以下。     

重金属废水处理技术探讨

介绍了近年来国内外重金属废水处理技术的研究成果与应用案例。探讨了化学沉淀法、氧化还原法、离子交换法、吸附法、膜分离技术及生物法处理重金属废水的原理、优缺点及研究现状。展望了重金属废水处理技术的发展方向。     

电化学法处理金属着色废水

讨论了电化学方法处理金属着色废水的工艺条件和效果，对电极效应作了深入分析。处理工艺操作简便，成本低廉，出水清澈透明，可达标排放，具有一定应用价值。     

废水中镍回收技术探讨

总结了常见的废水中镍回收技术路线及方法,并在此基础上提出了镍回收技术的新工艺及发展趋势.     

电解法净化含重金属离子废水的试验研究

本文研究用电解法处理含Cu^2 、Cr^3 的废水。根据溶液性质确定适当的微电解反应器电压，并对不同的电极材料进行了试验；最后深入讨论了pH值、电解时间、电解溶液初始浓度等因素对重金属离子去除率的影响，确定了电解过程中的最佳工艺条件。     

N-羧甲基壳聚糖吸附锰矿废水中锰离子(Ⅱ)研究

利用N-羧甲基壳聚糖吸附锰矿废水中Mn2+,通过考察吸附剂质量浓度、溶液pH、吸附温度及时间的影响,采用L16(45)正交试验确定吸附10.6 mg/L Mn2+废水的最佳工艺条件为:30.0 mg/m L N-羧甲基壳聚糖,在溶液pH=5.5、65℃下,振摇吸附8.5 h,Mn2+去除率99.1%,吸附后废水中Mn2+浓度0.095 mg/L,满足国家规定地表水锰含量要求,吸附过程符合Langmiur吸附特征,属于单分子层吸附。由于N-羧甲基壳聚糖吸附锰矿废水中Mn2+工艺简便、吸附效率高,从而可为相关行业的水污染处理提供理论基础。     

Synthesis and Characterization of New Polymers Containing Bis 1,2,4-Triazole Ring and Used in the Purification of Wastewater from Copper Ion

In this study, two types of polymers containing bis 1,2,4-triazole were prepared (poly thioether and poly thioester) by condensation polymerization. These polymers were characterized by FTIR, ¹H NMR, DSC and TGA techniques. Also, intrinsic viscosities were measured to estimate the molecular weight of the polymers. We use these polymers in treating wastewater containing heavy metal ion, Cu⁺². The effect of time on the efficiency of Cu⁺² ion removal in 25°C was investigated. Results showed that when researchers used poly thioester to removal the copper ion from wastewater, the ability of removal is better than when poly thioether is used.     

Selective Recovery of Platinum Group Metals from Spent Automobile Catalyst by Integrated Ion Exchange Methods

Selective recovery of platinum group metals (PGMs), such as Pd, Pt, and Rh, from spent automobile catalyst has been investigated by integrated ion exchange method using dihexyl sulfide (DHS) impregnated resin and commercial weak anion exchange resin (Diaion WA-21) as adsorbents. Batchwise adsorption revealed that the DHS impregnated resin possesses the selective adsorption ability for Pd and WA-21 possesses selectivity for all PGMs, especially Rh. Chromatographic separation of Pd with column packed with DHS impregnated resin can be selectively achieved. The chromatographic separation of Pd and Pt with a column packed with WA-21 is effectively progressed, while that of Rh is insufficient yield due to a slow adsorption rate. Separation of Rh from other two PGMs can therefore be achieved by switching the eluent. Both adsorbents show almost no adsorption abilities for other heavy metals containing in the spent automobile catalyst. Sequential chromatographic operation of the column packed with DHS impregnated resin followed by the column packed with WA-21 can be finally achieved to recover mutual PGM from leaching solution of spent automobile catalyst.     

吸附法在废水除磷中的应用

介绍了利用吸附原理在废水除磷中的研究进展,介绍了吸附材料的研究,包括天然矿物材料、工业废渣及其改性物、活性氧化铝及其改性物及其他多孔物质及人工合成的吸附剂等,并指出在实际应用中存在的问题。     

氯离子对脱硫石膏结晶性能的影响

经过干燥脱水的脱硫石膏主要成分与模具石膏基本相同,其主要晶体成分均为半水石膏,但脱硫石膏的晶体颗粒形态、杂质等因素均会对石膏性能产生影响。DT发电厂脱硫石膏中氯离子含量达到4130ppm,远超过国外脱硫石膏相关标准中氯离子含量100ppm的限值,而过多的氯离子会影响石膏晶体的水化结晶,导致石膏浆体不凝结、无法形成强度。在脱硫石膏资源化利用过程中可采用多次滤洗等方式消除氯离子的不良影响。     

吸附法去除废水中重金属研究进展

重金属污染问题已经成为近年来危害最大的水污染问题之一。各种有效去除水体中的重金属的处理技术与方法受到了世界各国政府和研究者们的极大关注。釆用吸附技术来处理含重金属的废水是一种非常有效和具有发展前景的方法之一。本文介绍了重金属水污染的现状与危害,废水处理中去除重金属常用的吸附剂。     

Recovery of Terephthalic Acid from Alkali Reduction Wastewater by Cooling Crystallization

A process for the recovery and purification of terephthalic acid (TA) from alkali reduction wastewater is reported. TA was first precipitated from alkali reduction wastewater by acidification with sulfuric acid, and then the produced crude TA was dissolved in dimethylacetamide (DMA) so that crude TA could be purified from the solution by cooling crystallization. The results indicated that acidification could reduce the chemical oxygen demand of the wastewater by 83 %, and the purity of TA by crystallization could reach 99.91 %. A correlation was proposed in describing the solubility of crude TA in DMA from 303.4 to 358.65 K, which gives a mean relative discrepancy of less than 1.14 %. The cooling rate of the mother liquor had a large influence on the crystal size distribution. At an average cooling rate of 1.18 K min^–1, the particle size distribution of TA was narrow and the average size was about 100 μm. In a bench‐scale study, it was demonstrated that the crystallized product can be recycled as the raw material for polyethylene terephthalate production.     

磷铵厂-废水处理及回用

硫酸、普钙和磷铵生产过程中排放大量酸性废水,对水体造成严重污染。在进行水量平衡的基础上,提出了以回用为主的废水处理方案。通过完善循环冷却水系统、废水回用、废水处理等措施,每年减少悬浮物、氟化物和磷酸盐排放量分别达到957.6t、188.4t和8.64t。年节省新鲜水62.5×10     

工业废水中重金属离子的常见处理方法

根据工业废水中重金属的性质,采取科学合理的方法分离重金属,提升工业废水处理水平,是水环境污染防治领域的主要课题。本文以工业废水中重金属离子种类不同、在溶液中存在形态各异为基础,重点介绍了如何利用化学法、物理化学法和生物化学法等常见方法来分离重金属,有效处理工业废水。     

Amidoximation of Cyano Group for Chelating Ion Exchange of Some Heavy Metal Ions from Wastewater

Ion exchange behavior of some heavy metal ions, Pb²⁺, Ni²⁺, and Cd²⁺, onto amidoximated polyacrylonitrile based Ce(IV) phosphate was investigated. Polyacrylonitrile based Ce(IV) phosphate was prepared and followed by functionalization of the cyano group to amidoxime group with hydroxylamine. The amidoximated resin was characterized using FT-IR and SEM. Removal of Pb²⁺, Ni²⁺, and Cd²⁺ ions from aqueous solution was examined by studying some factors using the batch technique such as effect of pH, contact time, initial metal ion concentration, and temperature. Some kinetic and isotherm models had been applied. The calculated amount of the sorbed values in case of the pseudo-second-order model are closer to the experimental data than that of the pseudo-first-order model, and with a correlation coefficients R² > 0.99. Therefore, the sorption of the three metal ions can be approximated more favorably by the pseudo-second-order model. The sorption process obeys the Freundlich isotherm model. The sorption has an endothermic nature which is indicated by the positive value of the enthalpy change, ΔH, the high positive values of the entropy change, and ΔS show the increased randomness at the solid/solution interface. The obtained negative values of free energy change, ΔG, indicate the feasibility and the spontaneous nature of the sorption process.     

从废水中回收磷的主要方法和常见工艺

磷污染是引起水体富营养化的重要原因,磷资源紧缺是我们即将面对的事实.要同时解决这两方面问题的唯一办法就是必须从含磷废水中回收磷.本文叙述从废水中回收磷的主要方法和原理,并介绍常见工艺流程.     

Recovery of Lithium Hydroxide from Spent Lithium Carbonate using Crystallizations

Abstract

Recovery of LiOH from the spent Li₂CO₃ used as absorbent for carbon dioxide in breathing apparatus was successfully explored by precipitation and crystallization. A lithium hydroxide solution was prepared by precipitation of calcium carbonate using reaction of spent Li₂CO₃ and calcium hydroxide. The effects of the operating conditions on the reaction were investigated. Conversion of calcium carbonate was about 95%. Lithium hydroxide monohydrate from lithium hydroxide solution was obtained in batch evaporative crystallization. The effect of the evaporation rate on crystal morphology was investigated. The evaporation rates were affected to control size and yield of crystals. Eventually, the purity of crystals was above 99 wt% and yield was about 80%.     

手机机芯中金属回收试验的研究

近十年,随着手机用户的增加,产生了大量的废旧手机。机芯是手机的核心部件,不仅数量大,而且含有大量可回收的Cu、Au、Ag、Pd等金属,值得加以回收。作者运用电化学方法回收Cu后,采用湿法冶金提取阳极泥中的Au、Ag、Pd,回收率较高,对环境污染较少。     

离子交换树脂法吸附醋酸工艺

采用离子交换树脂法吸附醋酸溶液,并对该过程进行系统的研究. 通过树脂选型确定大孔弱碱性阴离子交换树脂D311,其对醋酸吸附容量较大,且膨胀收缩率较小. 用D311树脂对醋酸含量为1.5%(w)的醋酸溶液进行了吸附和脱附工艺优化研究,考察了体系温度、进料流量等对吸附和脱附过程的影响,在优化条件为温度30.0℃、进料流量4.0 mL/min时,吸附率达93.97%;温度50.0℃、洗脱剂3.98 mol/L NaOH、流量1.0 mL/min时,脱附率达100%. 树脂再生循环结果表明,D311重现性及机械强度较好.     

电解锰废水处理及锰回收研究

采用三种方法处理电解锰废水,并进行锰的回收效果研究,结果表明,加碱中和法、碳酸锰沉淀法、离子交换法三种方法中,前两种方法处理后出水中锰浓度难以达到排放标准限值2 mg/L,且沉淀物细微过滤困难,而离子交换法处理后出水可实现达标排放。通过对离子交换法处理电解锰废水工艺影响因素的研究,得出,该法具有较强的吸附性,操作稳定性,易解吸性。模拟交换柱试验,出水锰离子浓度很低,且单次再生效率达到84.5%,表明该法是具有实际价值的减污增效的可行方法。