亮丽的活性物载体--多彩软球

随着生活水平的提高，人们更加追求外表美、皮肤美，只有简单护肤成分的基础配方再也不能满足消费者的需求，而对于具有各种功效的化妆品的需求却大为增长。因而，在现代化妆品配方领域，具有各种功效的活性成分越来越受到配方师的重视，它们的应用也越来越广泛。     

用作活性物载体聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯多孔交联微球的悬浮聚合制备及表征

Functional porous microspheres used for the slow release carrier of actives in cosmetics or pharmaceuticals were prepared by modified suspension polymerization of styrene （ST） with divinylbenzene （DVB） in the presence of toluene, cyclohexanol and heptane as porogenic diluents. The use of ultrasonic dispersion decreases the beads＇ size and improves the uniformity. The effects of the porogen mixture, DVB content and solvent extraction on the surface performance of the synthesized beads were studied. The microspheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and BET surface area determination. It was found that a great proportion of the non-solvating porogen increases the pore diameter and the specific surface area. High DVB concentration also results in the great specific surface area and porosity. When the ratio of toluene/cyclohexanol is 1：2, DVB content is at the range of 40%-60% and methylene chloride was used as extractant, the beads with good spherical shape and pore size were obtained. The prepared porous microspheres were applied as active carriers and showed satisfactory slow release effect. Over 10h constantly sustained release was observed in vitro releasing test for hydroquinone-loaded microspheres. Great surface area promoted high concentration of released hydroquinone.     

化妆品活性物的超微载体

超微载体技术应用于化妆品生产中,赋予了化妆品优异性能,给传统化妆品行业带来了一场变革。从组成、结构、性能及其在化妆品中的应用等方面介绍了微乳液、微胶囊、脂质体、纳能托、传递体、葡糖微球、球型液晶等7种超微载体。     

诊断用高分子胶乳载体微球的合成

研究了苯乙烯-丙烯酸体系和苯乙烯-丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯体系的“无乳化剂”乳液共聚合反应,考察了亲水性单体对聚合行为及胶乳性能的影响,合成了用于胶乳诊断试剂制备的单分数性好、表面清洁的胶乳微球。     

纳米微球在药物载体领域的研究进展

本文介绍了纳米微球制备方法中常见的相分离法、喷雾干燥法和乳化交联法。同时,简单介绍了纳米微球在药物载体领域的应用,并对其广阔前景进行了展望。     

淀粉微球作为药物载体的应用研究进展

淀粉微球因具有无毒性、良好的生物相容性以及能被细胞吸收等优点,是生物医药领域药物载体研究热点之一.总结了国内外构建淀粉微球作为药物载体的研究成果,分析了淀粉微球中淀粉的来源主要有玉米淀粉、马铃薯淀粉、木薯淀粉等,概述了淀粉微球作为药物载体的应用,指出淀粉微球作为药物载体存在的问题及淀粉微球药物载体的发展前景和方向,旨在...     

载药多孔微球的吸附及缓释性能研究

采用改进的二步种子溶胀聚合法制得粒径15μm内的多孔聚合物微球,以Parsol1789为模型组分,研究了多孔聚合物微球的活性物吸附能力以及体外释放性能,重点研究了多孔微球的比表面积、孔径和粒径对微球吸附和释放速度的影响.结果表明,比表面积大的多孔微球具有更高的平衡吸附量,由于Parsol1789分子体积较大,孔径对吸附量和释放速率都表现出了较大的影响,而随着微球粒径的减小,Parsol1789呈现更快的释放速度.从Parsol1789的释放结果可以看出,10 h后约释放负载活性物总质量的90%左右.     

丝素蛋白微球作为药物缓释载体的研究进展

丝素蛋白稳定无毒、廉价易得,具有良好的降解性和生物相容性等特点,是一种优良的载体材料。本文基于丝素蛋白独特的氨基酸组成结构和自组装形成稳定的?-折叠构象等特点,综述了丝素蛋白微球/粒的制备方法,即酶法、喷雾干燥法、乳化-溶剂挥发法、相分离法、电喷法和超临界二氧化碳流体强制分散法等一些新型技术,及其在药物载体方面缓释特性的应用研究。由于丝素蛋白来源物种间的差异和脱胶过程中不一致性等问题,丝素蛋白改性、复合或基因工程加工处理将是今后的发展方向,在生物医学领域将具有广阔的应用前景。     

Development of Core-Shell Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems Based on Biomimetic Mineralization

Among various drug-delivery systems, core-shell nanoparticles have many advantages. Inspired by nature, biomimetic synthesis has emerged as a new strategy for making core-shell nanoparticles in recent years. Biomimetic mineralization is the process by which living organisms produce minerals based on biomolecule templating that leads to the formation of hierarchically structured organic–inorganic materials. In this minireview, we mainly focus on the synthesis of core-shell nanoparticle drug-delivery systems by biomimetic mineralization. We review various biomimetic mineralization methods for fabricating core-shell nanoparticles including silica-based, calcium-based and other nanoparticles, and their applications in drug delivery. We also summarize strategies for drug loading in the biomolecule-mineralized core-shell NPs. Current challenges and future directions are also discussed.     

稳定系统中不凝气回收利用技术研究

常压蒸馏装置稳定系统在生产过程中产生少量不凝气,正常流程中这些不凝气通常排放至常压炉进行焚烧。当稳定系统独立运行时,常压系统未启用,不凝气无法排放至常压炉焚烧。由于不凝气不准直接排入大气,且没有火炬系统,从而导致稳定系统不能生产。针对此问题,通过开展技术研究和技术改造革新,可将不凝气安全排放至蒸汽锅炉燃料系统中进行回收利用。     

热熔凝聚法加工农药悬浮剂研究

介绍了采用热熔凝聚法对加工二氯喹磷酸、氟虫睛、乙霉威悬浮剂的试验结果，并测定了制剂的粒度分布、冷贮、热贮稳定性等理化性质。该法工艺简单、加工方便、节省能源、工业上切实可行。     

浅谈1234创新实验体系与高校人才培养模式的转变

针对当前高等学校教育的需要,在生物化学的实验教学改革中建立了1234创新实验体系。探索其改革方案和内容,应用于实验教学并渗透到学生的毕业设计和就业指导中,学生的就业率和考研率均取得了很大提升,推动了高校人才培养模式的转变。     

Roles of Albumin‐Binding Proteins in Cancer Progression and Biomimetic Targeted Drug Delivery

Nutrient transporters have attracted significant attention for their promising application in biomimetic delivery. Due to the active consumption of nutrients, cancer cells generally overexpress nutrient transporters to meet their increased need for energy and materials. For example, albumin‐binding proteins (ABPs) are highly overexpressed in malignant cells, stromal cells, and tumor vessel endothelial cells responsible for albumin uptake. ABP (e.g., SPARC) is a promising target for tumor‐specific drug delivery, and albumin has been widely used as a biomimetic delivery carrier. Apart from the transportation function, ABPs are closely associated with neoplasia, invasion, and metastasis. Herein, a summary of the roles of ABP in cancer progression and the application of albumin‐based biomimetic tumor‐targeted delivery through the ABP pathway is presented.     

Recent Advances in Artificially Sulfated Polysaccharides for Applications in Cell Growth and Differentiation,Drug Delivery,and Tissue Engineering

Artificially sulfated polysaccharides, as the mimetics of native heparin and heparan sulfate, are important bioactive compounds, since they show great potential for tuning crucial biological activities within living organisms. Herein, we summarize progress in the development of artificially sulfated polysaccharides, such as cellulose sulfate, chitosan sulfate, and other sulfated polysaccharides, with a particular focus on the fields of biomedical and bioengineering applications in the past ten years. Their effects on cell growth and differentiation, but also as building blocks for drug carriers and medical implants, are emphasized.     

Activated Carbon Fiber Cloth/Biomimetic Apatite: A Dual Drug Delivery System

A biomaterial that is both bioactive and capable of controlled drug release is highly attractive for bone regeneration. In previous works, we demonstrated the possibility of combining activated carbon fiber cloth (ACC) and biomimetic apatite (such as calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDA)) to develop an efficient material for bone regeneration. The aim to use the adsorption properties of an activated carbon/biomimetic apatite composite to synthetize a biomaterial to be used as a controlled drug release system after implantation. The adsorption and desorption of tetracycline and aspirin were first investigated in the ACC and CDA components and then on ACC/CDA composite. The results showed that drug adsorption and release are dependent on the adsorbent material and the drug polarity/hydrophilicity, leading to two distinct modes of drug adsorption and release. Consequently, a double adsorption approach was successfully performed, leading to a multifunctional and innovative ACC-aspirin/CDA-tetracycline implantable biomaterial. In a second step, in vitro tests emphasized a better affinity of the drug (tetracycline or aspirin)-loaded ACC/CDA materials towards human primary osteoblast viability and proliferation. Then, in vivo experiments on a large cortical bone defect in rats was carried out to test biocompatibility and bone regeneration ability. Data clearly highlighted a significant acceleration of bone reconstruction in the presence of the ACC/CDA patch. The ability of the aspirin-loaded ACC/CDA material to release the drug in situ for improving bone healing was also underlined, as a proof of concept. This work highlights the possibility of bone patches with controlled (multi)drug release features being used for bone tissue repair.     

Kinetically Stable Bicelles with Dilution Tolerance,Size Tunability,and Thermoresponsiveness for Drug Delivery Applications

Mixtures of a phospholipid (1,2‐dipalmitoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphatidylcholine, DPPC) and a sodium‐cholate‐derived surfactant (SC‐C₅) at room temperature formed phospholipid bilayer fragments that were edge‐stabilized by SC‐C₅: so‐called “bicelles”. Because the bilayer melting point of DPPC (41 °C) is above room temperature and because SC‐C₅ has an exceptionally low critical micelle concentration (<0.5 mm ), the bicelles are kinetically frozen at room temperature. Consequently, they exist even when the mixture is diluted to a concentration of 0.04 wt %. In addition, the lateral size of the bicelles can be fine‐tuned by altering the molar ratio of DPPC to SC‐C₅. On heating to ≈37 °C, the bicelles transformed into micelles composed of DPPC and SC‐C₅. By taking advantage of the dilution tolerance, size tunability, and thermoresponsiveness, we demonstrated in vitro drug delivery based on use of the bicelles as carriers, which suggests their potential utility in transdermal drug delivery.     

催化裂化装置稳定塔的操作分析及优化

以某厂催化装置稳定塔为例,通过流程模拟软件,在保证产品质量一致的情况下,以经济效益最大化为目标,分析各个操作变量对经济效益的影响,寻找最优的操作工况。分析表明：通过调整稳定塔的操作压力、进料温度、进料位置,可以达到很好的节能效果。     

Drug Delivery Systems for Tuberculosis Treatment

Drug delivery systems based on polyurethane have been used for the controlled release of chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of the chronic microbial disease tuberculosis. The drugs used in the investigation were isoniazid, ethionamide and florimicin. An in vitro technique was used to determine the release characteristics of the drugs into model biological media. It was shown that drug release occurs in accordance with first-order kinetics. The influence of drug loadings on release profiles was studied. The possibility of application of the drug delivery systems for tuberculosis treatment was shown by some medical and biological tests. © 1997 SCI