高电导聚苯胺/聚乙烯醇复合膜的合成和电性质

本文利用氯化铜作为聚乙烯醇薄膜的掺杂剂,再将其置于苯胺和盐酸蒸气中进行化学氧化反应,成功地合成了高电导的聚苯胺(PAn)/聚乙烯酸(PVA)导电复合膜,电导率达 10~(-2)S·cm~(-1);用扫描电镜和红外光谱(IR)对导电复合膜的结构和组成进行了表征,并进行了环境稳定性试验;复合膜的导电主要是电子的贡献.     

聚苯胺/石墨/环氧导电防腐涂层的制备与性能

在环氧涂料中加入石墨和导电聚苯胺(PANI),制备了PANI/石墨/环氧导电涂料。研究了稀释剂的种类和用量对涂料的流平和涂层外观的影响,以及石墨和聚苯胺的添加量对涂层的电导率、硬度、附着力、耐蚀性等性能的影响。结果表明,活性稀释剂不适合制作聚苯胺导电涂料。以m(二甲苯)∶m(正丁醇)=4∶1为混合稀释剂,石墨含量为30%,聚苯胺添加量为环氧树脂的10%,环氧树脂与稀释剂的质量比为1∶1.5时,所得涂层具有良好的导电性和防腐能力,其电导率为1.01×10-4 S/cm,铅笔硬度3H,附着力0级,划痕试样在5%NaCl溶液中浸泡7 d不腐蚀。     

聚苯胺导电涂料的制备及性能研究

本研究采用氧化聚合方法制备了具有高电导率的导电聚苯胺。并以这种聚苯胺为导电填料,以丙稀酸为成膜物,制备了一种电导率为10-8～10-5s/m的导电涂料。并研究了聚苯胺含量对导电涂料电导率及涂膜性能的影响。     

苯胺在聚醋酸乙烯酯中的聚合研究

以过硫酸铵为氧化剂,十二烷基苯磺酸为掺杂剂,将苯胺在聚醋酸乙烯酯(PVAc)基质中进行原位氧化聚合,制备导电聚苯胺PAn/PVAc复合材料,采用溶液浇铸法制成可溶性导电复合膜,电导率达10-2s/cm。考察了反应条件对复合膜电导率的影响,并进行了环境稳定性测试,用红外光谱进行了复合膜的结构表征,用扫描电镜对复合膜的表面形态进行了观察。     

几种酸掺杂聚苯胺-聚乙烯醇复合导电涂料的制备

采用聚乙烯醇为基质材料,以盐酸、十二烷基苯磺酸、氨基磺酸水溶液掺杂,制备了聚苯胺-聚乙烯醇(PANI-PVA)复合导电涂料。研究了PANI与PVA质量比、酸用量、氧化剂用量、反应时间以及膜干燥温度等因素对涂料膜电导率的影响。结果表明:当PVA质量分数为40%、成膜干燥温度为80℃时,PANI-PVA涂料膜的电导率最大。而且当cHCl=0.5mol/L、反应时间为6h、过硫酸铵与苯胺摩尔比为1.0时,所得HCl-PANI-PVA膜的电导率达最大,为15.0S/cm;当cDBSA=1.0mol/L、反应时间为8h、过硫酸铵与苯胺摩尔比为2.0时,所得DBSA-PANI-PVA膜的电导率达最大,为7.1S/cm;当cNH2SO3H=1.0mol/L、反应时间为6h、过硫酸铵与苯胺摩尔比为2.0时,所得NH2SO3H-PANI-PVA膜的电导率达最大,为2.0S/cm。在这几种酸掺杂的PANI-PVA复合导电涂料中,HCl-PANI-PVA膜的电导率最大。     

磁场环境下氧化剂和掺杂剂浓度对聚苯胺性能的影响

在不同磁场强度下,用过硫酸铵(APS)为氧化剂,磺基水杨酸(SSA)为掺杂剂合成导电聚苯胺(PAn),通过对PAn掺杂率的计算和电导率的测定,研究了氧化剂和掺杂剂浓度对PAn性能的影响。采用红外光谱、X射线衍射、粒径分析等研究了制备的PAn性能与结构。实验结果表明磁场对苯胺聚合的影响是正向的,氧化与掺杂条件的变化是影响电导率的重要因素。     

PVP与PVA对原位聚合导电聚苯胺薄膜的影响

分别以水溶性高分子聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)和聚乙烯醇(PVA)为稳定剂,采用苯胺的分散聚合体系,在玻璃基片上原位沉积了表面光滑均匀、亚微米厚度的导电聚苯胺薄膜,改善了导电聚苯胺的加工性能。研究了薄膜的形貌、厚度及电导率。结果表明:聚苯胺薄膜表面光滑,黏附一些胶体粒子,以PVP为稳定剂制备的聚苯胺薄膜表观质量好于以PVA为稳定剂得到的聚苯胺薄膜,表面更加光洁致密;不同稳定剂影响聚苯胺薄膜厚度及性能,在其他实验条件相同的情况下,以PVA为稳定剂制备的聚苯胺薄膜厚度及电导率均高于以PVP为稳定剂制备的聚苯胺薄膜厚度和电导率。     

导电聚苯胺复合膜的研制

以聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)为基质，过硫酸铵为氧化剂，十二烷基苯磺酸为掺杂剂，进行苯胺的原位氧化聚合，制备聚苯胺(PAn)／PMMA复合材料，采用溶液浇铸法制成了性能优良的可溶性导电复合膜，电导率达10^-2S／cm；考察了反应条件对复合膜电导率的影响，并进行了环境稳定性测试，用红外光谱进行了复合膜的结构表征，用元素分析法测定了复合膜的组成，结果表明复合的聚苯胺存在—饱和值，超过饱和值，对电导率影响不大。     

十二烷基苯磺酸掺杂聚苯胺的制备及性能

用十二烷基苯磺酸（DBSA）的水溶液对化学合成的聚苯胺（PAn)进行掺杂,获得了导电的DBSA掺杂PAn(PAn-DBSA),通过对本征态聚苯胺（PAnEB)掺杂率的计算和电导率的测定,研究了DBSA用量及其溶液浓度对掺杂效果的影响,结果表明,当DBSA／PAnEB(摩尔比）小于0．1时,溶液浓度的影响很小,当DBSA／PAnEB大于0．2时,溶液浓度的影响非常大,而且,高浓度比低浓度对提高掺杂率和电导率更有利。热重分析表明,PAnEB,PAn-DBSA在空气中的热分解温度分别为350和250℃,表现出良好的热稳定性。     

聚苯胺的FeCl3掺杂及固化环氧树脂行为研究

聚苯胺是极有前途的导电高分子材料,通过对FeCl3掺杂聚苯胺的性能及FeCl3掺杂聚苯胺固化环氧树脂行为的研究,发现随FeCl3含量的增加,掺杂聚苯胺的电导率先升后降,而密度始终增加;随树脂中FeCl3掺杂聚苯胺含量的增加,树脂的凝胶时间缩短.据此制备了电导率为1×10-5 S/cm的FeCl3掺杂聚苯胺/环氧树脂浇铸体和翠绿色的导电涂层.并有望进一步将聚苯胺与环氧树脂共混制成既有环氧树脂的良好力学性能,又兼具聚苯胺电磁性能的聚苯胺/环氧树脂复合材料.     

Preparation of polyaniline/phosphorylated poly(vinyl alcohol) nanoparticles and their aqueous redispersion stability

A novel approach for the preparation of the colloidal conducting polyaniline (PANI) nanoparticles was developed. The polyaniline/partially phosphorylated poly(vinyl alcohol)(PANI/P‐PVA) nanoparticles were prepared by the chemical oxidative dispersion polymerization of aniline monomer in 1.0 M HCl aqueous media with the partially phosphorylated poly(vinyl alcohol) (P‐PVA) as the stabilizer and codopant. The PANI/P‐PVA nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), electrical conductivity measurement, and redispersion stability testing. All the results were compared with the properties of the conventional polyaniline in the emeraldine salt form (PANI ES). It was found that the P‐PVA/aniline feeding ratio obviously affected the morphology, redispersion stability and electrical conductivity of the PANI/P‐PVA nanoparticles. When the P‐PVA/aniline feeding ratio ranged from 50 to 60 wt %, the PANI/P‐PVA nanoparticles showed spherical shape with good uniformity, significant redispersion stability in aqueous media, and good electrical conductivity up to 7 S/cm. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011     

导电聚苯胺/聚乙烯醇复合乳液的制备研究

以聚乙烯醇为树脂基体 ,通过乳液氧化聚合同步搀杂有机酸 ,研究了聚苯胺 /聚乙烯醇复合乳液的制备。结果表明 ,过硫酸铵的用量对聚苯胺的产率影响较大 ,当氧化剂 /苯胺的摩尔比达到 2时 ,产率为95% ,高于溶液法的原料比例。十二烷基苯磺酸和聚乙烯醇 (88%醇解度 )对聚苯胺乳胶的粒径亦有影响。在聚苯胺 /聚乙烯醇复合膜中 ,当聚苯胺含量超过 2 0 %后 ,电导率趋向稳定 ,可达 2 .3 s/ cm     

导电聚苯胺／丁苯吡胶乳复合聚合物

以丁苯吡胶乳（ＰＳＢＲＬ）为稳定剂，苯胺（Ａｎ）进行氧化聚合，制得的导电ＰＡｎ／ＰＳＢＲＬ复合聚合物可直接浇铸成膜，亦可经破乳后用其沉淀物经热压成膜。氧化聚合条件：［ＨＣｌ］＝１．４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，［Ａｎ］＝０．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，［氧化剂］＝０．２５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。胶膜性质：当该复合聚合物中ＰＡｎ含量约为５０％时，电导率可达５×１０２Ｓ／ｍ左右，拉伸强度约１３ＭＰａ，扯断伸长率为５３％，在空气气氛中贮存２８ｄ电导率基本不变。     

Preparation of aqueous polyaniline dispersions by micellar‐aided polymerization

Polyaniline (PAn) dispersed in water was prepared with sodium dodecylsulfonate (SDS) as a surfactant with varying concentrations of aniline and HCl and molar ratios of SDS/aniline. The PAn dispersion was homogeneous and stable, and its pH value could be adjusted. The conductivity of PAn powder, precipitated from this dispersion, was as high as 20 S/cm. The transmission electron microscopy morphology of PAn assembled in the dispersion was particle‐like, fiber‐like, or coil‐like, depending on the initial concentration of SDS and aniline. The polymerization of aniline was accelerated by SDS, which was confirmed by open‐circuit potential measurement during the polymerization process. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 1550–1555, 2003     

Conductive polyaniline/polyacrylonitrile composite fibers: Effect of synthesis parameters on polyaniline content and electrical surface resistivity

Conductive polyaniline/polyacrylonitrile (PAn/PAN) composite fibers were prepared by keeping PAN fibers in various solutions containing aniline and then by polymerization of aniline sorbed by fibers with potassium dichromate as an oxidant. In examined polymerization media, aqueous HCl gave composite fibers with the highest PAn amount and these fibers also had the lowest electrical surface resistivity. It was found that, as PAn content of PAn/PAN composite fibers increased, its density also increased and mechanical properties such as tensile strength and breaking elongation decreased. From optical cross‐section images of composite fibers, it was observed that PAn coating was limited only with the PAN fiber surface. POLYM. COMPOS., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Electrochemically oxidative polymerization of aniline in aromatic copolyamide matrix

Composite films from polyaniline (PAn) and a copolyamide, poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide/diphenylether terephthalamide) (PPDTA), have been obtained by the electrochemical polymerization of aniline on a PPDTA/Pt (or Ni, stainless steel) working electrode in water or a mixed-solvent electrolyte solution. This PAn/PPDTA composite has higher mechanical properties than does the PPDTA matrix and the electrical conductivity close to pure PAn. The electrochemical polymerization of aniline can be carried out only in the electrolyte solution with PH < 2. The PAn/PPDTA film is electroactive material and very stable in air. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

电化学聚合导电聚苯胺膜的研究

分析了恒电位法在酸性和碱性溶液中于不锈钢基体上电聚合聚苯胺的过程及其影响因素,测定了聚苯胺膜与基体的附着力、膜的导电性和防腐性.结果表明:该膜在空气中呈绿色,稳定、完整致密,导电性好,与基体的结合情况较好.阳极极化曲线测定表明,在碱性溶液中预镀后酸性溶液中聚合聚苯胺膜,其点蚀电位比酸性溶液中聚合聚苯胺膜升高1 V左右,表明前者的导电聚苯胺膜可显著提高不锈钢的抗点蚀性能,具有良好的点腐蚀防护效果.     

聚苯胺微乳液合成及其电致变色性

用 (NH4) 2 S2 O8为氧化剂 ,在功能质子酸 水 正丁醇三元体系中 ,用微乳液法合成了聚苯胺。以聚苯胺的电导率和电致变色性能为标准 ,讨论了引发剂、DBSA、反应温度和反应时间对聚苯胺性能的影响 ,并对影响聚苯胺 /聚乙烯醇复合膜的性能因素作了初步探讨。结果表明 :与用常规乳液法合成的聚苯胺相比 ,用微乳液法合成的聚苯胺与聚乙烯醇所成的膜 ,其电导率提高了 2个数量级 ,电致变色性能也更好。     

Electrically conductive textiles by in situ polymerization of aniline

Two methods of obtaining electrically conductive fabrics by in situ polymerization of aniline were compared. Conductive fabrics were prepared by immersing the nylon 6 fabrics in 100% aniline or an aqueous hydrochloride solution of aniline followed by initiating successive polymerization in a separate bath (DPSB) or in a mixed bath (DPMB) of oxidant and dopant solution with aniline. In each case, the polymerization conditions were optimized to obtain the maximum quality of polyaniline (PAn) on the fabrics. The higher conductivity of composite fabrics, whose value reached up to 0.6 × 10⁻¹ s/cm, was obtained by the DPMB process. Moreover, this method induced the least decrease in the degree of crystallinity as compared to the DPSB process. The serviceability of the PAn–nylon 6 composite fabrics was also evaluated. No significant changes in the conductivity were observed after abrading the composite fabrics over 50 cycles and multiple acid and alkali treatment. The stability of conductivity was slightly decreased by less than 1 order after exposure to light for 100 h, but it was significantly decreased after washing with detergent. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 74: 2094–2101, 1999