四氮唑锚定卟啉用于染料敏化太阳能电池

染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSCs)是利用太阳能进行开发光电转换的新型装置,受到人们广泛关注。将四氮唑基团作为染料敏化太阳能电池的锚定分子,具有共轭性强和较好的电子传递效应的特点。研究了3种不同金属的四氮唑基团锚定,并对其合成、光学、电化学性能进行研究。结果表明锌四氮唑卟啉具有较好的光捕获性能,是用于太阳能电池的较优材料。     

桥连吸附基团对酞菁敏化太阳能电池性能的影响

染料敏化太阳能电池中,光敏剂是影响电池光伏性能的重要因素,其中酞菁类光敏剂在红光区具有优良的光吸收性能,光化学稳定性高。根据染料敏化太阳能电池的工作原理,通过扩大共轭结构和引入吸电子结构,可以有效的调节染料的能级。综述了吸附基团和桥连结构对染料光敏性能的影响,吸附基团通过共轭结构或直接连接在酞菁环上,会有效的增强电子的流动。     

基于卟啉类有机染料敏化太阳能电池的研究进展

染料敏化太阳能电池结合了染料敏化剂和无机半导体的优势,具有较宽的光谱响应范围,理论光电转换效率高、透明度高、制造工艺简单、成本较低、对原料纯度要求不高、寿命长、对环境友好、应用前景广阔等,因而在最近的二十年中引起人们的广泛兴趣。染料光敏化剂是染料敏化太阳能电池中一个关键的组成部分,起吸收太阳光并向载体转移电子的作用,它的性能将直接影响电池的光电转换效率。文章以卟啉及其配合物为主线,简要介绍了染料敏化太阳能电池的基本构造和光电原理,重点介绍了各种卟啉类光敏剂在染料敏化纳米晶太阳能电池中的应用。     

吡啶基锚固基团染料敏化剂的合成与光伏性能研究

本文研究制备了一种以吡啶作为锚固基团的吩噻嗪类染料敏化剂并应用到了染料敏化太阳能电池中,替代了传统的羧基锚固基团,并且引入了吸电性的苯并噻二唑作为电荷阱,极大地改善了染料的光子捕获能力。染料合成方法简单,通过一系列的铃木偶联等简单反应便可合成得到,组装的电池器件转换效率达到了3.76%,这为新型锚固基团的开发提供了一定的指导作用。     

卟啉类染料敏化剂的研究进展

染料敏化太阳能电池具有价格低廉、制作工艺简单和较高的光电转换效率等优点,受到人们的广泛关注。作为染料敏化太阳能电池的关键,敏化剂发挥着重要的作用。卟啉化合物因在可见光区域吸收强、容易修饰等优点受到人们广泛而深入的研究。介绍了染料敏化太阳能电池的结构、基本原理分析了近年来卟啉染料敏化剂的发展及它们的结构变化对其光电性能的影响,展望了卟啉敏化剂与其他敏化剂共敏化,提高可电光吸收范围可能是提高光电转换效率的有效途径。     

联噻吩型光敏染料的研究进展

简要介绍了染料敏化太阳能电池的研究现状及染料敏化太阳能电池的结构、工作原理.重点将近10年来应用于染料敏化太阳能电池中的,以联噻吩作为π共轭体系的D-π-A型有机染料进行了总结,评述了它们的光电转换性能.同时,总结了将联噻吩基团引入到钌配合物染料中,对电池性能的影响.为设计合成具有高光电转换效率的染料提供了参考.介绍了联噻吩型染料重要中间体的合成方法.     

卟啉光敏剂在染料敏化太阳能电池领域的应用

卟啉具有对可见光吸收较强、结构易修饰等特点,这些优异的特性使得它在染料敏化太阳能电池领域得到了较为深入的研究。研究对卟啉分子结构进行修饰来提高光电转换效率,综述了染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSCs)中高效卟啉光敏剂的设计与实现的研究进展。     

羧基类不对称锌酞菁敏化染料的研究进展

染料敏化太阳能电池是太阳能电池的重要发展方向之一,染料敏化剂是影响电池光电转换效率的重要因素。探讨了染料敏化太阳能电池中羧基类不对称锌酞菁作为光敏剂的研究进展及其成果,提出对未来发展的展望。     

染料敏化太阳能电池中染料敏化剂研究进展

染料敏化太阳能电池是目前的研究热点,本文对染料敏化太阳能电池中染料敏化剂的研究状况进行了综述,对于目前染料敏化太阳能电池研究进展进行了阐述,将染料敏化剂进行了分类,针对金属类染料、卟啉酞菁染料及有机染料分别就其转化效率、优缺点进行了讨论。     

meso-位二取代含四氮唑基团的新型卟啉的合成与表征

设计并通过一系列化学反应合成了一种"Trans-A_2B_2"型,meso-位二取代的含四氮唑基团的新型锌卟啉化合物ZnPtz。这是一种具有特殊光谱性质和光电化学性质的卟啉衍生物。我们通过卟啉分子的元素分析,紫外吸收光谱,荧光光谱,红外光谱以及核磁共振,质谱等手段表征了它的结构。研究结果表明,产物的结构正确,目标化合物合成成功。目前我们正将其应用于染料敏化太阳能电池。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

三种煤样燃烧热的测定

本文通过三个厂家提供的三种煤样燃烧热的测定,由测定结果综合得出3号煤样燃烧最完全、燃烧热也最大,是三个煤样中最好的一种。     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

小议汽车涂装工艺设计对涂装成本的影响

论述了涂装工艺设计对涂装设备投资、涂装生产成本的影响。     

Measurement of the gradient of viscosity with composition of mixtures of non-ideal gases

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%.     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitin on the properties of chitin crystallites

In the present article, chitin from crab shell was systematically deacetylated using a NaOH treatment with control of the reaction time. The degree of deacetylation, monitored using solid-state NMR, revealed that the reaction was pseudo-first order. Based on this, swollen and NaOH-saturated particles are proposed as the reaction system. The weight loss of the partially saponified and neutralized samples after HCl hydrolysis increased linearly with the degree of deacetylation. The crystallinity of the samples was found to increase after acid hydrolysis. According to conductimetric titration, the surface charge density of the crystallites, after acid hydrolysis, was found to increase with base treatment time. The effect of surface charge on the formation of a chiral nematic phase, due to the rodlike nature of the crystallites, was explored. These results show that because the contribution of charged particles to the ionic strength was significant the double layer compression was affected, especially since the surface charge density was close to the Manning limit. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:373–380, 1997