天然产物Calanolide A的全合成研究进展

对具有抗HIV-1活性的天然产物Calanolide A的全合成研究进展进行了综述,并分析了各种合成方法及其关键步骤.     

Michael加成反应及其在天然产物全合成中的应用

综述了各种类型Michael加成反应及其机理,以及Michael加成反应在天然产物和具有生物活性的复杂化合物合成中的应用。     

季碳的不对称构筑法及其在天然产物全合成中的应用

综述了季碳的不对称构筑法及其在天然产物全合成中的应用。按照合成反应不同,分７类加以介绍。参考文献２４篇。     

银和金催化剂在多环天然产物全合成中的应用研究进展

对近十年来国内外课题组在银、金两种过渡金属催化全合成苯并吡喃、苯并呋喃类化合物、Diels-Alder类型的天然产物和吲哚型生物碱等多环天然产物领域所取得的实验研究成果进行了综述,旨在加深人们对过渡金属银和金催化全合成多环天然产物的认识,为天然药用资源的可持续利用以及开展活性天然产物化学全合成研究提供有益参考.     

天然产物Cajanamide A的全合成

以2,4-二羟基-6-甲基苯甲酸乙酯为起始原料,经威廉姆森醚化、缩合、重排等反应,首次完成了天然产物Cajanamide A的全合成。其结构经IR、~1HNMR、~(13)CNMR和质谱鉴定,与文献报道一致。本法操作简单、路线较短,为快速制备Cajanamide A提供了参考。     

天然产物Chimonanthine的全合成研究进展

在吲哚生物碱大家族中,其中有一类化合物是以色氨的二聚、三聚甚至多聚的形式存在于自然界中,它们就是吸引有机化学家们广泛研究兴趣的环色胺类生物碱。Chimonanthine则是这个大家族中最简单最重要的一类化合物。根据其旋光性的不同,Chimonanthine有meso-Chimonanthine、(+)-Chimonanthine和(-)-Chimonanthine 3种类型。由于Chimonanthine在环色胺类吲哚生物碱中有着特殊的地位,所以早在20世纪60年代Woodward等就推测,该化合物在生物体内的合成主要是通过自由基偶联发生两分子的聚合。从推测Chimonanthine的生物合成途径开始,综述了近些年来Chimo-nanthine的全合成研究进展,并对各类合成途径的反应条件、反应选择性、产率以及机理的研究进行了讨论和总结。     

多烯环化反应及其在天然产物全合成中的研究进展

多烯环化反应是有机合成中一类重要的环化反应,具有高效、简单易行等特点,被广泛应用于医疗领域、天然产物和化工研究中。但当环化反应的环数增多时,会出现较低回率现象。为此,阐述了多烯环化反应及其在天然产物全合成中的研究进展。分析多烯环化反应原理,使用多个碳原子构建环状结构,通过环化反应使得含有多烯或者单烯的混合物转变成链烯结构存在差异的芳香烃。多烯环化反应过程中需要使用金属催化或者非金属催化,金属催化能够保证所生成化合物的稳定性,非金属催化则需要借助高温或者光照才能实现。锰催化多烯环化反应在天然产物全合成中,受到醋酸锰（Ⅲ）影响自由基出现多烯串联环化反应,能够推动生成奥利霉素和雷公藤素,在医疗领域发挥重要作用。烯类化合物在天然反应全合成中,乙酸作用下调聚1,3-丁二烯,经过水解之后能够生成松茸醇。将多烯环化反应应用于角鲨烯衍生聚醚合成中,能够获得较高回率,合成效果较好。     

天然产物Cicerfuran的全合成与表征

设计了Cicerfuran的新颖全合成方法.即利用取代水杨醛和取代胡椒醛在低价钛作用下进行交叉McMurry偶联反应,并对交叉偶联产物-邻乙烯基苯酚进行氧化环化获得对应苯并呋喃化合物,最后脱苄基生成Cicerfuran,总收率为60%.     

天然产物Thienamycin的全合成研究进展

Thienamycin是一种广谱抗生素,其结构中含有相邻的3个手性碳,是一系列β内酰胺抗生素中结构比较特殊的一种。本文对其全合成的研究方法进行了综述。大体上,合成硫霉素的关键还是3个手性碳的形成和内酰胺的成环。手性碳的形成主要是利用手性底物和羟醛缩合形成对映异构体或非对映异构体的形式然后分离得到,成环主要采用2+2环加成或分子内成环得到。     

天然紫背天葵红色素的初步研究

从紫背天葵中提取天然红色素的工艺条件是 :以体积分数是 30 %的乙醇 -水溶液作提取剂 ,温度为 5 0℃ ,时间为 3h ,原料与提取剂配比为 1g∶7mL。对该色素稳定性研究的结果表明 ,紫背天葵红色素在pH≤ 4的条件下对热的稳定性好 ,在此条件下加入果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、淀粉或Na+ 、K+ 、Mg2 + 、Zn2 + 、Ca2 + 等金属离子时色素颜色不变 ,但Fe3 + 的存在会使该色素颜色改变。pH≥ 5时 ,色素颜色发生变化。     

The Evolution and Impact of Total Synthesis on Chemistry,Biology and Medicine

The advent of organic synthesis in the nineteenth century sparked a revolution in chemistry that led from a serendipitous discovery to the art and science that it is today. Its creative nature turned into enabling technologies that set in motion entire new industries such as the dye and pharmaceutical enterprises and helped elucidate and confirm structures of countless natural products. It also served as the locomotive for discovery and invention of new reactions, synthetic strategies and technologies, and delivered myriad valuable compounds, more or less complex, for research and applications in our everyday lives. Today it is a partner of biology in the quest of understanding living nature and applying the gathered intelligence to discover and develop newer and more effective drugs.     

Total Synthesis of Marine Oxylipins Solandelactones A–H

The Solandelactones A–H have been synthesized via a short convergent approach utilizing common building blocks. Based on the diastereoselectivity of the crucial final addition step and on the comparison of prominent NMR data, a structural revision was necessary.     

Terpenoid-Alkaloids: Their Biosynthetic Twist of Fate and Total Synthesis

Terpenes and alkaloids are ever-growing classes of natural products that provide new molecular structures that inspire chemists and possess a broad range of biological activity. Terpenoid-alkaloids originate from the same prenyl units that construct terpene skeletons. However, during biosynthesis, a nitrogen atom (or atoms) is introduced in the form of β-aminoethanol, ethylamine, or methylamine. Nitrogen incorporation can occur either before, during, or after the cyclase phase. The outcome of this unique biosynthesis is the formation of natural products containing unprecedented structures. These complex structural motifs expose current limitations in organic chemistry, thus providing opportunities for invention. This review focuses on total syntheses of terpenoid-alkaloids and unique issues presented by this class of natural products. More specifically, it examines how these syntheses relate to the way terpenoid-alkaloids are made in Nature. Developments in chemistry that have facilitated these syntheses are emphasized, as well as chemical technology needed to conquer those that evade synthesis.     

Total Synthesis and Structural Revision of Kasumigamide,and Identification of a New Analogue

Kasumigamide is an antialgal hybrid peptide–polyketide isolated from the freshwater cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa (NIES-87). The biosynthetic gene cluster was identified from not only the cyanobacterium but also Candidatus “Entotheonella”, associated with the Japanese marine sponge Discodermia calyx. Therefore, kasumigamide is considered to play a key role in microbial ecology, regardless of the terrestrial and marine habitats. We now report synthetic studies on this intriguing natural product that have led to a structural revision and the first total synthesis. During this study, a new analogue, deoxykasumigamide, was also isolated and structurally validated. This study confirmed the presence of the unusual pathway in the biosynthesis of a hybrid peptide–polyketide natural product.     

Chemoenzymatic Total Synthesis of Sorbicatechol Structural Analogues and Evaluation of Their Antiviral Potential

Sorbicillinoids are fungal polyketides characterized by highly complex and diverse molecular structures, with considerable stereochemical intricacy combined with a high degree of oxygenation. Many sorbicillinoids possess promising biological activities. An interesting member of this natural product family is sorbicatechol A, which is reported to have antiviral activity, particularly against influenza A virus (H1N1). Through a straightforward, one-pot chemoenzymatic approach with recently developed oxidoreductase SorbC, the characteristic bicyclo[2.2.2]octane core of sorbicatechol is structurally diversified by variation of its natural 2-methoxyphenol substituent. This facilitates the preparation of a focused library of structural analogues bearing substituted aromatic systems, alkanes, heterocycles, and ethers. Fast access to this structural diversity provides an opportunity to explore the antiviral potential of the sorbicatechol family.     

Total Synthesis of the Endocannabinoid Uptake Inhibitor Guineensine and SAR Studies

Guineensine ((2E,4E,12E)-13-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-N-isobutyltrideca-2,4,12-trienamide) is a plant-derived natural product that inhibits reuptake of the endocannabinoid anandamide with sub-micromolar potency. We have established a highly efficient total synthesis of guineensine, which provided the natural product in only five steps from commercially available 3-nonyn-1-ol in 17 % overall yield, relying on the attachment of the benzodioxolyl moiety to the unsaturated fatty acid chain by means of a Suzuki coupling as the key step. Subsequent SAR studies revealed that replacement of the N-isobutyl group in the natural product by various alkyl, arylalkyl, or aryl groups is generally well tolerated, and derivatives could be identified that are slightly more potent anandamide reuptake inhibitors than guineensine itself. In contrast, modifications of the benzodioxolyl moiety led to decreased activity. Intriguingly, a change in the configuration of the C4=C5 double bond from E to Z was found to be very well tolerated, in spite of the associated change in the overall geometry of the molecule.     

Total Synthesis of Viniferifuran,Resveratrol‐Piceatannol Hybrid,Anigopreissin A and Analogues – Investigation of Demethylation Strategies

Resveratrol‐based natural products constitute a valuable source of unique compounds with diverse biological activities. In this report we investigate demethylation strategies to minimize formation of cyclized and dimerized products during the synthesis of viniferifuran and analogues. We found that boron trichloride/tetra‐n‐butylammonium iodide (BCl₃/TBAI) is typically more effective than boron tribromide (BBr₃). Based on these findings we carried out the first syntheses of dehydro‐δ‐viniferin, resveratrol‐piceatannol hybrid and anigopreissin A. In addition, we have developed a short and efficient route to viniferifuran that was obtained in 13% yield over six steps.