液晶化合物的研究进展

综述了近年液晶化合物的研究和发展现状,从含氟液晶化合物、偶氮苯类液晶化合物和环己烷类液晶化合物三方面介绍了相关液晶化合物的合成及性能,并就液晶化合物今后的发展前景进行了分析与展望。     

液晶化合物的研究进展

综述了近年液晶化合物的研究和发展现状,从含氟液晶化合物、偶氮苯类液晶化合物和环己烷类液晶化合物三方面介绍了相关液晶化合物的合成及性能,并就液晶化合物今后的发展前景进行了分析与展望。     

淀粉的化学修饰及其性能研究

利用马来酸酐与淀粉的反应合成了化合物1，再用氯乙酸与化合物1反应制备了化合物2，继而研究了化合物2对Fe3+，Cd2+，等金属离子的螯合性能，以及测试了化合物2钠盐水溶液的表面张力。     

钴取代的锑钨酸盐的电化学性质研究

合成了一例过渡金属钴取代型锑钨酸盐化合物,并对该化合物进行了X-射线单晶衍射实验以及红外表征,结构分析表明,该化合物为八个钴取代的三聚锑钨酸盐化合物,该化合物的电化学曲线显示其对H2O2的还原反应具有一定催化效果。     

偶氮液晶化合物的研究进展

偶氮液晶化合物是一类非常重要的功能材料。在光和热的作用下,偶氮液晶化合物会出现顺反异构现象。该类化合物既有光色效应,又有光致双折射效应,因此,偶氮液晶化合物不仅在信息材料领域具有潜在的应用前景,而且还是制备分子开关器件的首选对象。综述了近年来常见偶氮液晶化合物的发展概况,并概述了该类化合物的分类。     

四氮唑类杂环化合物的研究进展

氮杂环化合物是一类具有重要应用价值和良好生物活性的化合物,在生物、医药、农药等领域的应用非常广泛,一直是人们研究的热点,四氮唑类杂环化合物又是其中的一类重要五元芳杂环化合物。因其在医药上取得广泛的应用引起人们越来越多的关注。文章对杂环化合物、氮杂环化合物的发展进行了简单的叙述,并对不同种类四氮唑芳杂环化合物的发展及其应用做了详细阐述。     

黄酮类化合物提取方法的研究进展

黄酮类化合物是一类具有广泛开发应用前景的天然药物,文章对黄酮类化合物的新提取方法进行了综述,介绍了各种新的提取方法的原理、特点及其在黄酮化合物中的应用,对黄酮类化合物提取方法的发展前景进行了展望。     

酮的不对称还原研究进展

醇类化合物尤其是仲醇类化合物是重要的反应中间体,在工业生产、药物生产以及日常生活中都有重要用途.近年来,由酮类化合物不对称还原为醇类化合物成为有机合成化学的前沿领域,发展迅速,并取得了许多成就.介绍了近年来酮类化合物的不对称还原的研究进展,对多种不对称还原反应做了介绍.     

三唑硫酮类化合物的合成与生物活性

[方法]三唑硫酮类化合物具有广谱的生物活性。以2-氯烟酸为起始原料,经6步反应,设计并合成了一系列三唑硫酮类化合物,通过核磁等分析手段确定了其结构,并进行了生物活性测试。[结论]共合成8个化合物,生测结果表明:该类化合物对白粉病具有较好的防治效果,并对其进行了初步的构效关系研究。构效关系表明:R2为吸电子取代基的化合物活性大于R2为给电子基取代的化合物。通过比较R1的不同取代位置,发现对位取代的化合物活性>邻位取代的化合物的活性>间位取代的化合物的活性。     

偕胺肟基化合物的合成及表征

以盐酸羟胺和氰基化合物为原料,设计、合成了标题化合物.利用红外光谱、核磁共振(H谱、C谱)、元素分析、质谱等方法确定了标题化合物的结构,优化了标题化合物的合成条件.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。