低聚木糖对大鼠骨钙及血钙的影响

为研究低聚木糖对大鼠骨钙及血钙的影响,对大鼠进行正常饲料及低钙饲料中添加2%低聚木糖的喂养,喂养周期21d。测定股骨干重及长度,骨钙及血钙含量。结果表明:低聚木糖能够有效地提高大鼠股骨干重及长度,及骨钙的含量。其中低钙饲料组中,喂养低聚木糖的大鼠股骨干重增加11%～20.0%,股骨长度也有明显的增加(P<0.05),骨钙含量增加9%～32%;普通饲料组中,喂养低聚木糖的大鼠骨钙含量增加5%～26%。但是,低聚木糖对血钙含量的影响不明显。     

低聚木糖对大鼠骨钙及血钙的影响

为研究低聚木糖对大鼠骨钙及血钙的影响,对大鼠进行正常饲料及低钙饲料中添加2%低聚木糖的喂养,喂养周期21d。测定股骨干重及长度,骨钙及血钙含量。结果表明:低聚木糖能够有效地提高大鼠股骨干重及长度,及骨钙的含量。其中低钙饲料组中,喂养低聚木糖的大鼠股骨干重增加11%～20.0%,股骨长度也有明显的增加(P<0.05),骨钙含量增加9%～32%;普通饲料组中,喂养低聚木糖的大鼠骨钙含量增加5%～26%。但是,低聚木糖对血钙含量的影响不明显。      

比较不同来源钙剂对大鼠骨密度的影响

目的:研究纳米碳酸钙、微晶体羟磷灰钙、乳钙对大鼠骨密度和钙表观吸收率的影响。方法:SPF级4周龄雌性SD大鼠90只,随机分为9组,即纳米碳酸钙、微晶体羟磷灰钙、乳钙低、高剂量组和相应剂量碳酸钙对照组(低、高剂量组饲料钙含量分别为500mg/100g和1000mg/100g),以及低钙对照组(饲料钙含量为150mg/100g)。喂养13周,测钙表观吸收率、骨钙含量和骨密度。结果:不同钙剂组大鼠骨密度均明显高于低钙对照组(P0.05);不同钙剂低剂量组大鼠钙表观吸收率介于52.96%～68.16%之间,高剂量组吸收率介于41.78%～61.30%,均明显低于低钙对照组(P0.05)。结论:与低钙对照组相比,纳米碳酸钙、微晶体羟磷灰钙、乳钙均可明显改善大鼠的骨密度。     

酶解骨钙粉细粉与普通酶解骨钙粉增加骨密度功能比较

目的:分析比较酶解骨钙粉细粉与普通酶解骨钙粉增加大鼠骨密度功能和对钙吸收率的影响。方法:SPF级4周龄雌性SD大鼠100只,随机分为10组,即酶解骨钙粉细粉和普通酶解骨钙粉低、中、高剂量组,相应剂量碳酸钙对照组(低、中、高剂量组饲料钙含量分别为216.7、283.3、550.0mg/100g),以及低钙对照组(饲料钙含量为150mg/100g)。喂养13周,检测钙表观吸收率、骨钙含量、骨密度、骨长和骨恒质量。结果:酶解骨钙粉细粉组股骨骨密度明显高于低钙对照组且不低于相应剂量碳酸钙对照组(P>0.05);普通酶解骨钙粉组股骨三点骨密度均明显高于低钙对照组,但低剂量组股骨钙含量和远心端股骨密度均低于碳酸钙对照组(P<0.05)。酶解骨钙粉细粉和普通酶解骨钙粉相应剂量组的钙表观吸收率、骨钙含量、骨密度、骨长、总食物利用率和喂养13周时的体质量均无明显差异(P>0.05);酶解骨钙粉细粉中剂量组骨恒质量高于普通酶解骨钙粉中剂量组(P<0.05)。结论:酶解骨钙粉细粉具有增加骨密度的作用,不能判定普通酶解骨钙粉具有增加骨密度的作用。酶解骨钙粉细粉在增加骨密度功能方面优于普通酶解骨钙粉。     

复合L-氨基酸螯合钙对大鼠骨密度增加的影响

研究复合L-氨基酸螯合钙对SD大鼠骨密度的影响.将SD大鼠随机分成6组,分别喂养复合L-氨基酸螯合钙,"乐力"氨基酸螯合钙和低钙饲料,通过测量相应饲料喂养大鼠身长、体重、钙表现吸收率,股骨长度、质量、骨密度和股钙含量等指标,观察复合L-氨基酸螯合钙对SD大鼠骨密度的影响.结果表明:2种剂量的复合L-氨基酸螯合钙和"乐力"氨基酸螯合钙对大鼠的身长和体重、股骨质量、骨密度、钙含量和钙表观吸收率显著高于低钙饲料组﹙P＜0.01﹚,两种剂量水平的氨基酸螯合钙对大鼠骨密度、股骨钙含量和钙表观吸收率差异显著﹙P＜0.01﹚,复合L-氨基酸螯合钙具有增加大鼠骨密度的功能.     

牦牛骨粉对大鼠骨钙、骨密度及骨钙吸收率影响的研究

目的:研究牦牛骨粉钙吸收率及对大鼠骨钙、骨密度的影响。方法:清洁级雌性SD大鼠,70只,随机分为7组,即低钙对照组(饲料中含钙量为1180mg/kg),牦牛骨粉高、中、低三个剂量组(相当于人体推荐摄入量的5、10、20倍),实测值饲料中含钙量为1437、1852、2778mg/kg,另设与样品对照组剂量相对应的三个碳酸钙对照组。于实验第4w末进行三天的钙代谢试验。整个喂养时间为12w,实验结束日,测右侧股骨长度,干重,骨钙含量及骨密度。结果:牦牛骨粉10、20倍剂量组股骨钙含量、股骨骨密度高于低钙对照组,5、20倍剂量组钙表观吸收率高于相应剂量的碳酸钙对照组(p<0.05)。结论:牦牛骨粉不仅有增加骨密度功能,并具有较高的钙表观吸收率。     

氨糖软骨素钙片增加骨密度功能试验

研究以D-氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐、硫酸软骨素和碳酸钙为主要成分制备的氨糖软骨素钙片对骨密度的影响。以0.36, 0.72和2.16 g/(kg·bw)剂量的氨糖软骨素钙片给大鼠灌胃3个月。结果表明,高剂量组大鼠股骨中心及远心端骨密度、骨钙含量、总钙量显著高于低钙对照组;中、高剂量组大鼠摄入钙、尿钙含量及粪钙含量显著高于低钙对照组;中、高剂量组大鼠钙表观吸收率和存留率显著低于低钙对照组。差异具有显著性(p0.05)。高剂量组大鼠的各项指标与相应的碳酸钙对照组比较差异没有显著性(p0.05)。揭示氨糖软骨素钙片有增加大鼠骨密度的作用。     

普通骨粉和超细骨粉改善骨密度功能比较

比较营养高钙冲剂与营养高钙冲剂(超细骨粉)对大鼠骨密度和钙吸收率的影响。SPF级4周龄雌性SD大鼠96只,随机分为10组,即两种受试物低、中、高剂量组,相应剂量碳酸钙对照组(低、中、高剂量组饲料钙含量分别为216.7、283.3 mg/100 g和550.0 mg/100 g),以及低钙对照组(饲料钙含量为150 mg/100 g)。喂养13周,测钙表观吸收率、骨钙含量和骨密度。营养高钙冲剂中剂量组钙表观吸收率低于相应的碳酸钙组(P0.05)。各受试物组股骨钙含量均高于低钙对照组,且与碳酸钙组相比差异无显著性(P0.05)。营养高钙冲剂低、中剂量组和"超细骨粉"低剂量组股骨中点骨密度、营养高钙冲剂低剂量组近心端骨密度均低于相应的碳酸钙组(P0.05)。"超细骨粉"低剂量组钙表观吸收率高于营养高钙冲剂组(P0.05);"超细骨粉"中剂量组近心端骨密度亦高于营养高钙冲剂组(P0.05)。营养高钙冲剂(超细骨粉)具有增加骨密度的作用,不能判定营养高钙冲剂具有增加骨密度的作用。营养高钙冲剂(超细骨粉)在增加骨密度功能方面优于营养高钙冲剂。     

鳖甲超微细粉增加大鼠骨密度的研究

通过鳖甲超微细粉和相同剂量的碳酸钙的钙表观吸收率实验,证实鳖甲超微细粉的钙表观吸收率显著高于碳酸钙对照组（P<0.01）。并通过测量相应饲料喂养大鼠的身长和体重,以及股骨的长度、重量、骨密度、钙含量等指标,结果为：3个剂量水平鳖甲超微细粉实验组及2个剂量水平碳酸钙对照组大鼠的股骨长度、股骨干重、股骨骨密度、股骨骨钙含量以及身长显著高于低钙饲料对照组（P<0.01）。2个剂量水平鳖甲超微细粉实验组大鼠的股骨骨密度及股骨骨钙含量显著高于相同钙含量的2个剂量水平碳酸钙对照组（P<0.01）。结论为：鳖甲超微细粉具有增加骨密度的功能,在钙表观吸收率和提高股骨骨密度及股骨骨钙含量方面优于碳酸钙。     

醋蛋,醋蛋皮中活性钙在动物体内吸收和利用的研究

探讨将鸡蛋及蛋皮用１０％醋酸浸泡烘干，以此作为钙源饲以大鼠后的动物增重与饲料利用率；观察醋酸钙对大鼠生长发育和对血钙、尿钙、粪钙和股骨钙含量的影响。结果表明，醋蛋皮组股骨钙的存留率；活性钙在体内的吸收率，存留率与碳酸钙与全脂奶粉无显著差异。     

Long‐chain fatty acid supplemented infant formula does not influence calcium and magnesium bioavailability in weanling rats

The influence of infant formula supplementation with long‐chain‐polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) on calcium and magnesium bioavailability was assessed in rats. Two test diets containing a plain, unsupplemented (PF) or supplemented (SF) infant formula as the fat source and a control diet (C) were administered to weaning rats and food intake and body weight gain were monitored for 28 days. In order to assess calcium and magnesium bioavailability, during the last week faeces and urine were collected and apparent absorption and retention were calculated. Food intake and body weight showed no significant differences between PF and SF but were lower in both groups compared with C. Calcium and magnesium intake did not differ between PF and SF, although both parameters were lower compared with C. Calcium absorption efficiency in PF and SF was significantly higher than in C. However, both groups showed higher urinary calcium excretion and thus no differences were observed in calcium retention. Magnesium absorption efficiency was also significantly higher in PF and SF compared with C, but magnesium absorption was significantly lower in SF compared with PF and C. Nevertheless, urinary magnesium excretion and magnesium retention were similar in the three groups. The consumption of a diet containing an infant formula supplemented with LCPUFA compared with the plain formula does not affect calcium and magnesium bioavailability in rats. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

蛋清肽- 钙配合物体内促钙吸收作用研究

目的：为了考察蛋清肽-钙配合物(EWP-Ca)在动物体内的补钙效果。方法：将60只Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为6组：普通组、缺钙模型组、CaCO3组以及低、中、高剂量EWP-Ca组,通过构造缺钙大鼠模型,进行了为期30d的补钙实验,实验结束后对各种与补钙相关的指标进行测定。结果：与缺钙模型组相比,高剂量EWP-Ca组(Ca剂量为106.4mg/(kg ·d))能极显著增加大鼠股骨直径、干质量、骨钙含量及股骨密度(P＜0.01),极显著降低血清碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活力(P＜0.01);与钙含量相同的CaCO3组相比,EWP-Ca高剂量组股骨直径、骨钙含量极显著和显著增加(P＜0.01,P＜0.05)。结论：EWP-Ca具有体内促进钙吸收作用,且效果优于钙含量相同的CaCO3。     

由虾壳制备的蛋白水解物-柠檬酸钙的复合钙粉的生物利用率研究

目的:评价从虾壳中制取的蛋白水解物-柠檬酸钙复合钙粉（PHC-Ca）的生物利用率。方法:选择4周龄体重无显著性差异的SD大鼠60只,随机分为6组,在自由进食低钙饲料的基础上分别以PHC-Ca、碳酸钙（Ca CO3）、柠檬酸钙、葡萄糖酸钙以及虾壳细粉灌胃饲养,每日灌胃剂量为66.5 mg Ca/（kg·d）（以钙剂量及大鼠体重为计算指标）。喂养至4周末进行3 d代谢实验,测定钙表观吸收率、储存率。继续喂养至8周末,观察大鼠体格增长并测定血清碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素水平以及股骨相关指标。结果:低钙对照组大鼠各项体生长指标均显著低于除碳酸钙组外的其他组（p<0.05）;PHC-Ca能显著提高大鼠钙表观吸收率、钙储存率,且能降低血清碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素水平（p<0.05）;摄食PHC-Ca、葡萄糖酸钙的大鼠,其血清钙水平无显著性差异（p>0.05）且高于其他组;PHC-Ca组大鼠股骨钙、股骨长、股骨干重指标高于葡萄糖酸钙组、柠檬酸钙组、虾壳粉组（p<0.05）。结论:从虾壳中制取的PHC-Ca有促进钙吸收的效果,其生物利用率优于相同钙含量的柠檬酸钙以及虾壳粉,可作为一种良好的膳食钙补充剂。      

鲫鱼皮胶原肽对小鼠的促钙吸收作用

目的：研究胶原肽（collagen peptides,CPs）对小鼠的促钙吸收作用。方法：采用小鼠低钙膳食模型法, 以昆明雄性小鼠为实验动物,设置正常组、低钙模型组、碳酸钙组、CPs低剂量（500 mg/kg mb＋CaCO3）、高剂量 （1 000 mg/kg mb＋CaCO3）组、酪蛋白磷酸肽对照组,连续灌胃6 周,考察小鼠血清钙、磷、碱性磷酸酶（alkaline phosphatase,ALP）活力、钙吸收率、各项骨指标及骨微观结构、骨小梁形态变化。结果：CPs低、高剂量组小 鼠的ALP活力显著低于低钙模型组（P＜0.05）,其骨长度、干质量指数、骨钙含量、骨矿物密度（bone mineral density,BMD）、骨矿物含量（bone mineral content,BMC）均显著高于低钙模型组（P＜0.05）,CPs低剂量 组可使喂食低钙饲料的小鼠的各项指标达到正常组小鼠的水平。CPs低剂量组小鼠的ALP活力显著低于碳酸钙组 （P＜0.05）,其骨钙含量、BMD、BMC均显著高于碳酸钙组（P＜0.05）,提示补充碳酸钙的同时补充CPs,其促钙吸 收效果更好。结论：CPs可提高小鼠钙吸收率,增加骨小梁数目及强度,促进骨骼生长,从而能有效促进钙的吸收。     

Calcium bioavailability of vegetarian diets in rats: potential application in a bioregenerative life-support system

Calcium bioavailability of vegetarian diets containing various proportions of candidate crops for a controlled ecological life-support system (CELSS) was determined by femur 45Ca uptake. Three vegetarian diets and a control diet were labeled extrinsically with 45Ca and fed to 5-wk old male rats. A fifth group of rats fed an unlabeled control diet received an intraperitoneal (IP) injection of 45Ca. There was no significant difference in mean calcium absorption of vegetarian diets (90.80 +/- 5.23%) and control diet (87.85 +/- 5.25%) when calculated as the percent of an IP dose. The amounts of phytate, oxalate, and dietary fiber in the diets did not affect calcium absorption.     

鱼卵肽钙复合物对大鼠体内促钙吸收作用的研究

通过构造缺钙大鼠模型,研究鱼卵肽钙复合物（EPP-Ca）对缺钙大鼠的补钙效果。结果表明,经过4周的补钙,EPP-Ca使缺钙大鼠增重25.53%,钙吸收率达65.28%,血清钙和血清碱性磷酸酶分别恢复到2.58mmol/L和177.13U/L,股骨重量、骨密度和骨钙含量分别达到877.31mg、0.22g/cm2和254.75mg/g,补钙效果显著优于无机钙,与酪蛋白磷酸肽钙复合物（CPP-Ca）效果相当。EPP-Ca有望成为新型的补钙制剂。      

The effect of formulated goats' milk on calcium bioavailability in male growing rats

BACKGROUND: There are two main proteins in milk; whey and casein. Casein contains casein phosphopeptides (CPP), which are released on digestion of the milk. These may increase calcium solubility by binding calcium in the small intestine. Thus increasing casein in the diet may help to stimulate bioavailability of calcium and increase bone density. The present study tested this hypothesis in growing male rats fed diets containing three different concentrations of casein from goat milk. RESULTS: Rats fed the diet containing no casein had significantly lower calcium absorption when compared to rats fed the diets that contained 80% and 57% of goat milk protein as casein; however, no significant difference was observed between rats fed diets with 80% and 57% casein. The varying amounts of casein had no effect on mineral uptake or retention in the femur. Biomechanical testing and mineral analysis of the femurs showed no differences between diet groups. The mechanism to explain this lack of retention remains unclear. CONCLUSION: The diets containing 80% and 57% of goat milk protein as casein delivered increased calcium absorption compared to the diet containing no casein, suggesting a minimum level of casein is needed to optimize calcium absorption from goat milk. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

Calcium‐enriched goat milk,in comparison with similarly enriched cow milk,favours magnesium bioavailability in rats with nutritional ferropenic anaemia

BACKGROUND: The effects of dietary consumption of goat or cow milk, normal or enriched with calcium (Ca), on magnesium (Mg) bioavailability was evaluated in rats with nutritional ferropenic anaemia. Control and iron‐deficient rats were fed for 14 days with iron‐normal diets containing either normal (5000 mg kg^?1 diet) or high (10 000 mg kg^?1 diet) Ca content. RESULTS: The results shown that the goat milk diet gave the best results for digestive and metabolic utilization of Mg, both among the anaemic and the control group, with respect to the cow milk and standard diets. The most noteworthy result of Ca enrichment on the nutritive utilization of Mg is that it is less prejudicial in this respect when supplemented via goat milk than with cow milk or the standard diet. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate the beneficial effects of the goat milk, normal or with double Ca, on the nutritional utilization of Mg; therefore the consumption of this type of milk for people with nutritional ferropenic anaemia can be recommended. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry