Iterative multimodal processes scheduling

The paper considers the problem of Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) fleet scheduling subject to the right match-up of local cyclic acting AGV schedules to given workpiece machining schedules. The main contribution of this work is the solution to a constraint satisfaction problem aimed at AGVs fleet match-up scheduling while taking into consideration assumed itineraries of concurrently manufactured product types. In other words, assuming a given layout of FMS’s material handling and production routes of simultaneously manufactured work orders as well as cyclic schedules of concurrently manufactured product types, the goal is to provide a declarative model enabling multimodal processes, i.e. employing AGVs, hoists, lifts, etc. demand-responsible scheduling of transportation/handling services. An algebra-like driven approach to cyclic scheduling based on step-by-step composition of multimodal transportation network sub-structures is proposed. Results of computational experiments assessing scalability of the method provided are presented as well.     

零等待约束下多产品间歇过程的多目标调度

针对零等待约束下多产品间歇过程的总流程时间和完工时间最小化问题,提出一种多目标离散组搜索算法求解.在采用启发式规则产生初始解的基础上,通过发现者、追随者和巡逻者的操作设计,算法不断更新Pareto前沿,同时,混合了基于插入邻域的多目标局部搜索方法.大量计算实验表明,所提出的算法获得的非支配解集在IGD和Set Coverage指标上优于非支配排序遗传算法和模拟退火算法,可为多目标决策者提供更好的决策依据,利于间歇生产过程的优化运行.     

Efficient model and heuristic for the intermodal terminal location problem

A multimodal transportation system transports freight using at least two transportation modes. Among available transportation modes, intermodal freight transportation transports freight in an intermodal container or conveyance without handling the freight itself when changing modes. The locations of intermodal terminals constitute the foundation of an intermodal transportation network. The intermodal terminal location problem therefore aims to determine terminal locations and routes within a transportation network in order to minimize the total transportation and operation costs through collaborations of unimodal road transport and intermodal transport chains. Relevant research includes that of Arnold et al., who first presented mathematical programming models for the problem. Sörensen et al. recently proposed a standard model for the same problem. However, these models are complex and time consuming. Some decision variables and constraints of Sörensen et al.׳s model are proven to be redundant. A modified mixed integer programming model is then developed to increase computation efficiency. The modified model finds more optimal solutions to the benchmark problems than current approaches do, within a reasonable time. Furthermore, two matheuristics are presented to solve the problem more efficiently while obtaining near optimal solutions.     

Multi-product valid inequalities for the discrete lot-sizing and scheduling problem

We consider a problem arising in the context of industrial production planning, namely the multi-product discrete lot-sizing and scheduling problem with sequence-dependent changeover costs. We aim at developing an exact solution approach based on a Cut & Branch procedure for this combinatorial optimization problem. To achieve this, we propose a new family of multi-product valid inequalities which corresponds to taking into account the conflicts between different products simultaneously requiring production on the resource. We then present both an exact and a heuristic separation algorithm which form the basis of a cutting-plane generation algorithm. We finally discuss computational results which confirm the practical usefulness of the proposed inequalities at strengthening the MILP formulation and at reducing the overall computation time.     

An approximate solution to a jit-based ordering system

In this paper we consider a multi-stage multi-product production, inventory and transportation system including lot production processes and develop a goal programming model for a pull type ordering system based on the concept of a Just-In-Time(JIT) production system. We also present a pragmatic approach which reduces the required computational time for the formulated mixed integer goal programming problem using a mathematical programming modeling language. The proposed solution procedure is realized utilizing the post-optimal analysis which can be performed by the modeling language.     

混合粒子群算法和多Agent系统的协同生产调度及其组合优化

为了从整体角度优化调度供应链网络的各个环节,研究了在供应链环境下核心制造商与制造商的协同生产调度方案,考虑在满足产品生产时间节点的最少加工时间。建立了多Agent的供应链环境下的协同生产调度模型,针对此模型设计了协同混合粒子群优化算法并进行求解。通过实例研究表明,供应链环境下制造商的协同优化对生产的计划与实行起到了关键的作用。     

多式联运运输问题的混合遗传算法

多式联运运输方式的选择关系到货物运输所需费用、时间等。该文对需经过多式联运过程的运输问题进行了研究。首先分析了多式联运运输问题的数学模型;其次通过引入关于运输量及运输方式的混合编码,结合两种混合遗传算子,提出了一种求解多式联运运输问题的混合遗传算法;最后用数值例子对算法的有效性进行了验证。     

Best routes selection in international intermodal networks

This study focuses on one of the intermodal operational issues: how to select best routes for shipments through the international intermodal network. International intermodal routing is complicated by three important characteristics: (1) multiple objectives; (2) scheduled transportation modes and demanded delivery times; and (3) transportation economies of scale. In this paper, the international intermodal routing problem is formulated as a multiobjective multimodal multicommodity flow problem (MMMFP) with time windows and concave costs. The objectives of this paper are to develop a mathematical model encompassing all three essential characteristics, and to propose an algorithm that can effectively provide answers to the model. The problem is NP-hard. It follows that the proposed algorithm is a heuristic. Based on relaxation and decomposition techniques, the original problem is broken into a set of smaller and easier subproblems. The case studies show that it is important to incorporate the three characteristics into the international intermodal routing problem, and our proposed algorithm can effectively and efficiently solve the MMMFP with time windows and concave costs.     

Model selection with considering the CO2 emission alone the global supply chain

This study formulates a model for analyzing eco-environmental impact on global supply chain network. The multi-criteria optimization model is applied to seek optimal solutions that not only can achieve predetermined objectives, but also can satisfy constraints for multi-product problems. The overall optimization is achieved using mathematical programming for modeling the supply chain functions such as location, inventory, production, distribution functions and transportation mode selections. Then, the supply chain model is formulated as a minimization problem for costs and environmental impacts. Herein, the solution is the flow of goods in global supply chain environment in different periods of time over one year. Furthermore, the numerical values obtained from a real company are applied to these mathematical formulations to test its usability. The testing is conducted in four different cases that include two combinations, no due date constraint and due date constraint, without connection of distributor and with connection of distributors. The results from these experiments can help in determining the best transportation routes, inventory levels, shipment quantity, and transportation modes. Specifically, the results propose a new configuration for designing global supply chain for the case company that could minimize economical and environmental impacts problems simultaneously.     

基于遗传算法的多式联运应急管理研究

实现在多式联运中实现运输时间和运输费用的最小化,多式联运运输方式选择问题直接关系到货物运输的费用和时间。首先分析了多式联运运输方式选择多目标优化问题的数学模型及虚拟运输网络图;其次,用遗传算法来解决多目标化问题,给出了染色体编码,遗传算子的设计,适应度函数定义;最后通过示例来演示,通过遗传算法来解决多式联运多目标优化的问题。实验表明,将此算法用于多式联运应急管理与传统算法相比,能加速进化速度和多角度寻优能力,提高应急决策。     

考虑患者分类的应急手术调度研究

针对公众突发事件背景下应急手术调度效率及救治率低下等问题,将应急手术调度问题看作三级混合流水车间调度问题,在考虑患者三级分类的同时,综合考虑患者的恶化效应与手术团队的学习效应因素,构建以平均完成手术时间、患者恶化成本和手术室总能耗为优化目标的多目标应急手术调度模型。针对布谷鸟算法易陷入局部寻优的缺点,设计了一种被发现概率自适应的布谷鸟算法对应急手术的调度模型进行求解。最后通过仿真实验验证了模型和算法的有效性。     

Optimization of Order Fulfillment in Distribution Network Problems

This paper focuses on optimization of order due date fulfillment reliability in multi-echelon distribution network problems with uncertainties present in the production lead time, transportation lead time, and due date of orders. Reliability regarding order due date fulfillment is critical in customer service, and customer retention. However, this reliability can be seriously influenced by supply chain uncertainties, which may induce tardiness in various stages throughout the supply chain. Supply chain uncertainty is inevitable, since most input values are predicted from historical data, and unexpected events may happen. Hence, a multi-criterion genetic integrative optimization methodology is developed for solving this problem. The proposed algorithm integrates genetic algorithms with analytic hierarchy process to enable multi-criterion optimization, and probabilistic analysis to capture uncertainties. The optimization involves determination of demand allocations in the network, transportation modes between facilities, and production scheduling in manufacturing plants. A hypothetical three-echelon distribution network is studied, and the computation results demonstrated the reliability of the proposed algorithms. Received: October 2004 / Accepted: September 2005     

基于动态DCVS网络模型的流量分析及规划方法

针对目前机场远端行李运输目的地编码车系统未对流量进行规划而造成的资源浪费现状,提出了一种基于动态DCVS网络模型的流量分析及规划方法。该方法首先基于图论建立了DCVS静态网络模型,接着根据系统在特定时间段的流量需求,采用最大流最小时间动态流量分析和规划算法对DCVS资源进行动态调度。实验结果显示,该方法可以在很短的时间内完成对DCVS流量的整体分析和规划,实现远端行李运输任务的可行性预测,从而为DCVS资源的控制提供有效的参考依据。     

多段多品种间歇过程混合型生产调度策略及应用研究

本文对一类多段,多品种间歇生产过程进行了数学描述,将数学模型和专家系统相结合,给出了该过程的混合型生产调度策略。以啤酒行业为背景进行应用研究获得了满意的结果。     

基于变长基因型遗传算法的多供应点应急物资调度优化

如何及时高效地调度应急物资以减小突发事件带来的伤害成为社会关注的焦点问题。在综合考虑新冠肺炎疫情这类特殊突发事件特点的前提下,构建了一类多供应点多式联运应急物资调度网络,并以运输成本最低、时间惩罚最少、配送员被感染风险最小为优化目标建立了一类多目标调度优化模型。考虑到基于聚类思想的优化算法在解决多供应点,尤其是多目标调度优化问题中缩减可行域方法科学性存疑的局限性,提出了一类考虑完全可行域思想的变长基因型混合小生境遗传算法,并借助23个基准测试实例验证了这一算法的有效性,更新了部分实例的现有最优解。在此基础上,通过比较多供应点应急物资多式联运算例中四类遗传算法的仿真结果进一步验证了混合小生境等改进策略的优越性。     

A cyclic approach to large-scale short-term planning in chemical batch production

We deal with the scheduling of processes on a multi-product chemical batch production plant. Such a plant contains a number of multi-purpose processing units and storage facilities of limited capacity. Given primary requirements for the final products, the problem consists in dividing the net requirements for the final and the intermediate products into batches and scheduling the processing of these batches. Due to the computational intractability of the problem, the monolithic MILP models proposed in the literature can generally not be used for solving large-scale problem instances. The cyclic solution approach presented in this paper starts from the decomposition of the problem into a batching and a batch-scheduling problem. The complete production schedule is obtained by computing a cyclic subschedule, which is then repeated several times. In this way, good feasible schedules for large-scale problem instances are found within a short CPU time.     

智能交通动态调度优化模型与评价方法

为了降低大城市市民出行成本,缓解公交企业运力压力,提出一种智能交通出行OD(Origin Destination,出行地和目的地)的公交调度优化算法,以公交出行OD客流预测和计划排班发车时间间隔为出发点,运用公交出行OD客流推导理论,构建智能交通出行OD的公交调度优化模型。通过获取个人OD数据,利用单条线路公交OD方法,实现全市公交OD矩阵推算。根据全市公交出行OD推算结果,求解公交调度模型,解决智能交通调度多目标规划和公交线网优化问题。通过仿真模拟试验,分析智能公交排班计划评价指标,计算车辆营运效率占比:自动排班仿真数据为79%,实际运营数据为73%;统计车辆高峰时段与全天营运车次占比:自动排班仿真数据为36.75%,实际运营数据为37.37%,满足智能公交计划排班评价指标的要求,实例证明模型和算法具有实用性和可靠性。     

The multi-product,economic lot-sizing problem in flow shops: the powers-of-two heuristic

This paper presents a new and efficient heuristic to solve the multi-product, multi-stage, economic lot-sizing problem. The proposed heuristic, called the powers-of-two method, first determines sequencing decisions then lot sizing and scheduling decisions are determined. This method assumes that cycle times are integer multiples of a basic period and restricts these multiples to the powers of two. Once time multiples are chosen, we determine for each basic period of the global cycle the set of products to be produced and the production sequence to be used. Then a non-linear program is solved to simultaneously determine lot sizes and a feasible production schedule. To evaluate its performance, the powers-of-two method was compared to both the common cycle method and a reinforced version of the job-splitting heuristic. Numerical results show that the powers-of-two method outperforms both of these methods.Scope and purposeThe multi-product, multi-stage, economic lot-sizing problem studied in this paper is the problem of making sequencing, lot-sizing and scheduling decisions for several products manufactured through several stages in a flow shop environment so as to minimize the sum of setup and inventory holding costs while a given demand is fulfilled without backlogging. This problem and similar problems are met in many different industries like the food canning industry, the appliance assembly facilities or in beverage bottling companies. The most commonly used approach to deal with this problem is the common cycle approach where a lot of each product is produced each cycle. A few other approaches are also proposed. In this paper we propose a new and more efficient solution approach that assigns different cycle times to different products.     

改进灰狼优化算法求解模糊车间调度问题

模糊车间调度问题是复杂调度的经典体现,针对此问题设计优秀的调度方案能提高生产效率。目前对于模糊车间调度问题的研究主要集中在单目标上,因此提出一种改进的灰狼优化算法（improved grey wolf optimization,IGWO）求解以最小化模糊完成时间和最小化模糊机器总负载的双目标模糊柔性作业车间调度问题。该算法首先采用双层编码将IGWO离散化,设计一种基于HV贡献度的策略提高种群多样性;然后使用强化学习方法确定全局和局部的搜索参数,改进两种交叉算子协助个体在不同更新模式下的进化;接着使用两级变邻域和四种替换策略提高局部搜索能力;最后在多个测例上进行多组实验分析验证改进策略的有效性。在多数测例上,IGWO的性能要优于对比算法,具有良好的收敛性和分布性。     

面向多停泊基地的港口拖轮调度优化研究

拖轮调度是典型的多处理器任务调度问题,针对多停泊基地和不同作业模式下的拖轮调度,以最大完工时间和总作业油耗最小化为目标,建立了拖轮调度多目标优化模型。采用演化策略算法对多停泊基地拖轮调度优化问题进行计算,提出一种基于轮盘赌概率分配的编码和解码方法。计算结果表明了演化策略算法的有效性和可行性,优化后的最大完工时间最小值相比仿真运行结果取得较大的改善,不同作业模式下均减少了约16%;计算结果还表明不同作业模式对拖轮调度结果会产生较大影响。