AIR OXIDATION OF EASTERN OIL SHALES OF KENTUCKY. I. OXYGEN UPTAKE

The Devonian oil shale of Kentucky (Cleveland Member of the Ohio Shale) proves to be more susceptible to air oxidation than a high sulfur coal such as Western Kentucky No. 9, and much more susceptible than the Eocene Green River Formation shale of Colorado. The Mississippian oil shale (Sunbury Shale) is also readily air oxidized. Oxygen uptake per 100-grams organic carbon content over 10 hours at 30*C taken from plots of oxygen uptake vs. time is as follows: Ohio Shale, 650 cc; Sunbury Shale, 200 cc; Green River Formation shale, 50 cc; Ky No. 9 coal, 40 cc.

Special care in protecting samples from autoxidaion is required if good assays and analyses are to be obtained. The aging chacacteristics of eastern oil shales could potentially affect mining, transportation, crushing, screening, and stockpiling of feedstocks, particularly fines, for a commercial oil shale operation in Kentucky.     

柴达木盆地北缘东段大煤沟组一段优质烃源岩

柴达木盆地北缘地区的中 下侏罗统是主要的油气源岩,而其中的大煤沟组七段是优质油气源岩。为了进一步评价柴达木盆地北缘东段侏罗系生烃能力,系统采集了大煤沟剖面中 下侏罗统大煤沟组的泥岩、油页岩、碳质泥岩、煤岩等样品,并进行了系统的常规的有机地球化学分析（有机碳,S₁+S₂,I _H,沥青A,总烃,H/C与O/C值,干酪根,碳同位素组成δ¹³C,生物标志化合物规则甾烷的组成等）。结果表明,大煤沟组一段与七段一样,是优质油气源岩,这是柴达木盆地北缘地区的新发现。大煤沟组孢粉的显微沉积有机质组成及有机质类型的研究也证实了上述结论。在对盆地中-下侏罗统进行油气资源评价及勘探部署时,对大煤沟组一段的优质油气源岩应给予足够的重视。     

柴达木盆地北缘石炭系克鲁克组页岩气形成条件分析

以柴达木盆地北缘野外剖面地质调查为基础,结合相关钻井、露头资料和前人研究成果,综合分析柴北缘上石炭统克鲁克组富有机质泥页岩展布、有机地球化学、矿物组成、储集空间、含气性等方面特征。结果表明,克鲁克组页岩有机质丰度高,w(TOC)为0.28%~11.93%,平均值大于2%,R_o为0.9%~1.44%,平均为1.12%,处于有机质热演化的成熟阶段,页岩有效厚度为30~150 m,脆性矿物含量大于40%,微米—纳米级裂缝和孔隙发育,含气量为1.01~2.85 m³/t,平均为1.87 m³/t,尕丘凹陷、欧南凹陷和德令哈断陷有利于页岩气形成与富集,是克鲁克组页岩气勘探开发的有利区。     

ORGANIC AND INORGANIC GEOCHEMICAL AND MINERALOGICAL ASSESSMENTS OF THE SILURIAN AKKAS FORMATION,WESTERN IRAQ

The Silurian Akkas Formation has been reported and described only in the subsurface of western Iraq. The formation is divided into the lower Hoseiba Member, which contains two high‐TOC “hot” shale intervals that together are around 60 m thick, and the overlying Qaim Member that is composed of lower‐TOC “cold” shales. This study investigates the source rock potential of Akkas Formation shales from the Akkas‐1and Akkas‐3 wells in western Iraq and assesses the relationship between their mineral and elemental contents and their redox depositional conditions and thermal maturity. Twenty‐six shale samples from both members of the Akkas Formation from the Akkas‐1and Akkas‐3 wells were analysed. The results showed that the upper, ~20 m thick“hot” shale interval in the lower Hoseiba Member has good source rock characteristics with an average TOC content of 5.5 wt% and a mean Rock‐Eval S₂ of 10 kg/tonne. Taken together, the two “hot” shale intervals and the intervening “cold” shale of the Hoseiba Member are ~125‐150 m thick and have an average TOC of 3.3 wt% and mean S₂ of 6.2 kg/tonne. The samples from the Hoseiba Member contain mixed Type II / III or Type III kerogen with an HI of up to 296 mgS₂/gTOC. Visual organic‐matter analysis showed that the samples contain dark brown, opaque amorphous organic matter with minor amounts of vitrinite‐like and algal (Tasmanites) material. Pyrolysis – gas chromatography undertaken on a single sample indicated a mature (or higher) algal‐dominated Type II kerogen. High spore and acritarch colour index values and weak or absent fluorescence similarly suggest that the lower part of the Akkas Formation is late mature to early post‐mature for oil generation. “Cold” shales from the Qaim Member in the Akkas‐3 well may locally have good source rock potential, while samples from the upper part of the Qaim Member from the Akkas‐1 well have little source rock potential. Varied results from this interval may reflect source rock heterogeneity and limited sample coverage. Mineralogically, all the shale samples studied were dominated by clay minerals – illite and kaolinite with minor amounts of chlorite and illite mixed layers. Non‐clay minerals included quartz, carbonates, feldspars and pyrite along with rare apatite and anatase. Palaeoredox proxies confirmed the general link between anoxia and “hot” shale deposition; however, there was no clear relationship between TOC and U suggesting that another carrier of U could be present. Rare Earth Element (REE) contents suggested a slight change in sediment provenance during the deposition of the Akkas Formation. The presence of common micropores and fractures identified under SEM indicates that these shales could become potential unconventional reservoirs following hydraulic fracturing. Evidence for the dissolution of carbonate minerals was present along fractures, suggesting the possible passage of diagenetic fluids. Palynological analysis combined with existing graptolite studies support a Wenlock ‐ Pridoli/Ludlow age for the Akkas “hot”shales. This is younger than many other regional “hot shale” age estimates and warrants further detailed investigation.     

湖相泥岩、页岩的沉积环境和特征对比——以鄂尔多斯盆地延长组7段为例

泥质岩可分为泥岩和页岩两大类,二者在成因机制、有机质含量及赋存状态、矿物组成等方面存在显著差异。开展湖相泥岩、页岩的分布特征研究以及其差异特征的对比,有助于建立富有机质页岩的沉积模式。鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组7段（长7段）沉积时期为湖盆发展的鼎盛时期,湖盆中心沉积了大套的泥岩和页岩。该文应用典型剖面分析、岩心-薄片观察、地球化学分析等手段揭示了长7段泥岩和页岩在分布特征、地球化学特征、岩石组分、组构、主微量元素等五方面的差异。①分布特征：泥岩和页岩互补分布,泥岩主要发育在三角洲前缘、深湖-浊积岩相和半深湖相,页岩主要沉积于深湖相;②组构特征：页岩有页理,有机质顺层分布,泥岩无页理,有机质分散分布;③岩石组分：页岩更富集黄铁矿,是泥岩的11倍,泥岩的白云岩、菱铁矿含量更高;④有机地球化学指标：页岩TOC平均含量为6.6%,是泥岩的3倍,S₁值平均含量为3.1 mg/g,是泥岩的2.5倍;⑤主微量元素：页岩中U,Th,Mo,Co,Ni等微量元素显著高于泥岩且U/Th,V/Cr和P/Al的比值较高,泥岩中Ti/Al和K/Al比值更高。综合分析,鄂尔多斯盆地长7泥岩和页岩的形成主要受沉积相带、湖水深度和湖盆生产力控制。页岩沉积时,水体生产力更高,离物源更远,水体更为缺氧。     

南襄盆地泌阳凹陷核桃园组页岩油富集机制

我国陆相页岩油资源潜力巨大,但当前页岩油开采量远不及预期。文章以泌阳凹陷核桃园组为例,根据颜色、结构和显微特征将研究区50块页岩划分为黑色纹层状页岩（A类）和灰色页岩（B类,包括灰色页岩、暗色泥岩及少量粉砂质泥岩）两大类,并进行了系统的地球化学测试分析,包括TOC、热解、显微组分、气相色谱和色谱-质谱分析等,以期明确湖相富有机质页岩地球化学特征及其页岩油富集机制。结果表明：A类页岩主要发育于较高盐度的强还原环境,具有较高的有机质丰度（TOC高达8.59%）,富含Ⅰ型干酪根,藻类生源丰富,与此同时,较发育的水平裂缝有利于页岩油的储集,促成了现今较高的含油性（较高的热解烃含量S₁和氯仿沥青“A”含量）,导致A类页岩主要发育“富集”页岩油资源;而B类页岩主要发育于较低盐度的弱还原环境,有机质丰度相对较低（TOC低至1.09%）,以Ⅱ₁-Ⅱ₂型干酪根为主,藻类生源相对贫乏,与此同时,较发育的垂向裂缝加速了页岩排烃,促成了现今相对较低的含油性,导致B类页岩主要发育“低效”和“无效”页岩油资源。因此,泌阳凹陷黑色纹层状页岩能有效生成并储集丰富的页岩油资源,该认识对研究区页岩油进一步勘探开发具有重要参考价值。     

陆相页岩与泥岩特征对比及其意义——以鄂尔多斯盆地延长组7段为例

鄂尔多斯盆地延长组7段富含大量页岩油,但由于对页岩与泥岩特征差异缺乏深入了解,阻碍了该层系页岩油的有效开发。为此,采用岩心观察、薄片鉴定等直接观察手段与XRD、Rock-Eval、TOC、氯仿沥青“A”抽提、主微量元素等实验相结合,对研究区长7段页岩和泥岩的岩石学、矿物学、有机地球化学与无机地球化学特征进行了深入研究。结果表明：长7段页岩的颜色较深,发育明显页理,切面光滑,而泥岩不具有纹层和页理,断口不整齐且切面粗糙;页岩的有机质以顺层富集为主,泥岩有机质以分散赋存为主;页岩的粘土矿物含量较高,泥岩的石英含量较高;页岩的TOC平均值为18.5%,约为泥岩的5倍,生烃潜量是泥岩的5～8倍;氯仿沥青“A”组分对比显示页岩含较多的芳烃,泥岩则含有较多的饱和烃;页岩沉积水体的盐度相对泥岩略低,且水深相对较浅。长7段页岩呈西北-东南走向分布,厚度主要为15～30 m,与泥岩呈互补式分布。页岩油“源内聚集”的特点使长7段的页岩油宏观分布受到页岩相控制。开展泥岩与页岩的对比研究,对准确预测富有机质页岩分布及指导页岩油气勘探具有重要意义。     

ORGANIC GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND SHALE GAS POTENTIAL OF THE PERMIAN BARREN MEASURES FORMATION,WEST BOKARO SUB‐BASIN,EASTERN INDIA

This study investigates the shale gas characteristics of the Permian Barren Measures Formation (Gondwana Supergroup) in the West Bokaro sub‐basin of the Damodar Valley Basin, eastern India. A total of 23 core shale samples collected from a borehole located in the western part of the sub‐basin were analysed using organic geochemical techniques and scanning electron microscopy. The samples are black carbonaceous shales composed chiefly of quartz, mica and clay minerals. Rock‐Eval pyrolysis data show that the analysed samples contain a mixture of Type II and Type III kerogen with TOC values of 2.7 to 6.2%. Rock‐Eval T_max values ranging from 443 to 452 °C correspond to calculated vitrinite reflectance of approximately 0.8–0.9%. A cross‐plot of hydrogen index versus T_max indicates that the samples have reached peak oil to wet gas maturities. A pristane/n‐C₁₇ versus phytane/n‐C₁₈ cross‐plot, together with biomarker parameters such as the dominance of C₂₉ over C₂₇ and C₂₈ steranes and high moretane/hopane ratios (0.22–0.51), demonstrate that the shale samples contain terrigenous organic matter deposited in a suboxic environment. Scanning electron microscopy images of shale samples show the presence of a complex, mostly intergranular pore network. Both micropores (>0.75μm) and nanopores (<0.75μm) were observed. Some pores are elongated and are associated with layer‐spaces in sheet silicate minerals; others are non‐elongated and irregular in shape. The organic geochemical parameters and the observed pore attributes suggest that the Barren Measures Formation has good shale gas potential.     

涪陵页岩气田平桥区块页岩气储层有机质孔发育特征

涪陵页岩气田二期产建区的平桥区块上奥陶统五峰组和下志留统龙马溪组一段（龙一段）海相富有机质页岩中纳米级有机质孔较发育,是页岩气储层的重要孔隙类型。利用氩离子抛光-场发射扫描电镜（FE-SEM）技术和Image-Pro Plus统计软件以及气体物理吸附实验,对平桥区块JY-B井五峰组和龙一段不同小层的14块页岩岩心样品进行了有机质孔形状、数量、孔径分布的观察和统计,并对有机质面孔率进行了计算。利用FE-SEM观察发现五峰组页岩样品有机质孔形状以边缘收缩的多角形为主,龙一段下部页岩样品有机质孔形状多呈不规则椭圆形和近圆形,龙一段上部页岩有机质孔多呈压扁状椭圆形、不规则近圆形和长条形;页岩样品中有机质孔的孔径主要为5~600 nm,有机质孔的主体孔径在5~30 nm,龙一段页岩样品孔径在100~600 nm的有机质孔数量相对较多;五峰组（1小层）和龙一段下部3小层页岩样品平均单颗粒有机质面孔率相对最大,其次是龙一段上部7和8小层;五峰组和龙一段下部与上部页岩样品有机质面孔率与TOC具有不同的正相关关系。采用气体吸附实验得到页岩样品中0.3~10 nm孔隙的累积孔容与TOC呈良好的线性正相关关系,表明这部分孔隙中的有机质孔占有重要地位。3套页岩层段有机质孔发育特征及差异性与页岩有机碳含量、矿物组成和构造挤压改造等因素有关。     

页岩气勘探和开发进展综述

页岩气是指以吸附或游离状态聚集在暗色泥页岩或高碳泥页岩中的一种非常规天然气,储集空间为有机质孔隙及矿物基质孔隙和裂缝,其来源有生物成因和热解成因 2 种,具有典型的自生自储特征。页岩气孔隙度（<10％）和渗透率（μD～nD）较低,需通过压裂（一般为水力压裂）来增强连通性,进而获得经济开发。页岩气在美国的成功开发展示了页岩气是基础地质和石油工程高度结合的典范。页岩气勘探程度低,技术不成熟,页岩气藏主控因素不清楚,成藏理论或模式有待深入研究,是当前我国页岩气发展面临的主要问题。     

四川盆地陆相页岩油气富集主控因素及类型

四川盆地陆相页岩气勘探虽然已在涪陵、元坝等地区下侏罗统大安寨段获得工业气流,但与海相下志留统龙马溪组页岩气相比,富集条件存在较大的差异,勘探潜力尚待探索。通过X衍射矿物组分、有机地化、氩离子抛光-扫描电镜、压汞-吸附联合测定、脉冲渗透率、纳米CT、含气性测试等方法技术,对控制陆相页岩气富集的岩性组合、成熟度和压力3个关键因素进行了研究。湖相碳酸盐湖坡风暴滩沉积的页岩与介屑灰岩不等厚互层,具有良好页岩气生烃（有机质丰度大于1.4%）、储集（孔隙度大于3%）、渗透（水平缝发育）和可压裂（脆性指数大于0.6）的配置条件,为最有利的岩性组合类型;成熟度控制着页岩储层有机质孔的发育和页岩油气的生成（以成熟度1.3%为界）;超压（压力系数大于1.2）是陆相页岩油气富集高产的关键。据此将陆相页岩油气富集类型划分为超高压高成熟页岩与灰岩互层页岩气型和超压低成熟页岩与灰岩互层页岩油气型;优选涪陵北东岳庙段和元坝大安寨段为页岩气有利目标,涪陵北和阆中-平昌大安寨段、建南东岳庙段、元坝千佛崖组二段为页岩油气较有利目标。     

江汉盆地盐间页岩中芳基类异戊间二烯烷烃特征及对页岩油勘探的意义

通过对江汉盆地潜江凹陷王场地区王云11井潜江组潜3³下亚段和潜3⁴亚段4个韵律层部分取心样品的全岩热解和有机抽提物分子地球化学分析,将盐间页岩的沉积环境划分为半咸水—咸水湖相和咸水湖相2种类型。前者分布范围相对广泛,沉积水体分层明显,以富含伽马蜡烷和2,3,6-三甲基-芳基异戊间二烯烷烃为特征;后者分布范围相对局限,以较高丰度的3,4,5-三甲基—芳基异戊间二烯烷烃为特征,同时缺少水体分层的分子标志物证据。较高的热解S₁含量、S₁/w（TOC）比值以及与盐间页岩储层埋藏深度不匹配的萜烷Ts/（Ts+Tm）比值和规则甾烷异构化参数分析揭示,盐间页岩中游离油富集段主要分布在半咸水—咸水环境形成的富有机质纹层发育段,为一定程度的成熟油气沿着顺层微裂缝侧向运移提供了有利场所。通过常规甾萜烷和芳基异戊间二烯烷烃特殊生物标志物组合分析,提出盐间页岩油勘探应关注潜三段和潜四段内几个最大湖泛面,除了继续王场构造区开发试验外,应该加大蚌湖洼陷成熟烃源区的勘探力度。     

SOURCE ROCK POTENTIAL OF ORGANIC‐RICH SHALES IN THE TERTIARY BHUBAN AND BOKA BIL FORMATIONS,BENGAL BASIN,BANGLADESH

Sandstones in the Miocene Bhuban and Lower Pliocene Boka Bil Formations contain all of the hydrocarbons so far discovered in the Bengal Basin, Bangladesh. Organic‐rich shale intervals in these formations have source rock potential and are the focus of the present study which is based on an analysis of 36 core samples from wells in eight gasfields in the eastern Bengal Basin. Kerogen facies and thermal maturity of these shales were studied using standard organic geochemical and organic petrographic techniques. Organic matter is dominated by Type III kerogen with lesser amounts of Type II. TOC is 0.16–0.90 wt % (Bhuban Formation) and 0.15–0.55 wt % (Boka Bil Formation) and extractable organic matter (EOM) is 132–2814 ppm and 235–1458 ppm, respectively. The hydrogen index is 20–181 mg HC/g TOC in the Bhuban shales and 35–282 mg HC/ g TOC in the Boka Bil shales. Vitrinite was the dominant maceral group observed followed by liptinite and inertinite. Gas chromatographic parameters including the C/S ratio, n‐alkane CPI, Pr/Ph ratio, hopane Ts/Tm ratio and sterane distribution suggest that the organic matter in both formations is mainly derived from terrestrial sources deposited in conditions which alternated between oxic and sub‐oxic. The geochemical and petrographic results suggest that the shales analysed can be ranked as poor to fair gas‐prone source rocks. The maturity of the samples varies, and vitrinite reflectance ranges from 0.48 to 0.76 %VR_r. Geochemical parameters support a maturity range from just pre‐ oil window to mid‐ oil window.     

Comparison of Mississippian Barnett Shale,Northern-Central Texas,USA and Silurian Dadas Formation in Southeast Turkey

The organic-rich Barnett Shale is the primary source rock and the main unconventional reservoir in the Fort Worth Basin, Texas. The Early Silurian-Early Devonian Dadas Formation is one of the main source rocks in southeastern Turkey and it is the Turkish equivalent of Silurian hot shales in the Middle East and North Africa. In this study, similarities and differences between the Dadas Formation and the Barnett Shale are presented to indicate the unconventional reservoir potential of the Dadas Formation which covers similar acreage of the Barnett Shale. Main factors that form the basis for comparison are: depositional environment, tectonic setting, thickness, depth, organic geochemical properties and thermal maturity. Both formations have similar depositional environment and they have organic-rich, basal hot shale units indicated by a high gamma-ray log response. Thicknesses of both formations are appropriate to perform horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing, however, the Dadas is thicker than the Barnett Shale. Both formations have high Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Potential Yield (S₁ + S₂) values. Both formations have gas prone and oil prone regions. However, the gas prone zone of the Barnett is larger. The Dadas Formation is penetrated by only a limited number of wells in comparison to the Barnett Shale. In contrast to the Barnett Shale, which is mainly in the gas zone in the Fort Worth Basin, the Dadas Formation is deeper, and is generally in the oil window.     

焦石坝区块五峰组与龙马溪组一段页岩有机孔隙结构差异性

焦石坝区块五峰组和龙马溪组一段海相富有机质页岩中纳米有机孔隙十分发育,有机孔隙成为该页岩气储层的重要储集空间。应用场发射扫描电镜（FE-SEM）和ImageJ统计软件以及气体吸附测试,对五峰组和龙马溪组一段下部和上部3套页岩的20块样品有机孔隙结构（孔隙形状、数量、孔径分布）进行了观察和参数统计分析,并对有机质面孔率进行了计算。根据利用FE-SEM观察到的孔径分布在2~900 nm,主要在10~900 nm的有机孔隙特征发现五峰组、龙马溪组一段下部和上部页岩的纳米有机孔隙结构存在明显的差异性。五峰组页岩有机孔隙形状多为不规则棱角形,而龙马溪组一段页岩有机孔隙形状多呈椭圆形和近圆形。五峰组页岩样品孔径在10~50 nm有机孔隙相对最发育,其次是龙马溪组一段上部;而龙马溪组一段下部页岩样品孔径在50~900 nm的有机孔隙相对最发育,其次是龙马溪组一段上部。根据孔径主要在10~900 nm的6 1400余个有机孔隙的统计结果,页岩样品平均单颗粒有机质面孔率与有机碳含量（TOC）有粗略的正相关性,但五峰组页岩样品平均有机质面孔率相对略偏小。根据气体吸附孔径测定及分析,页岩样品中孔径在0.3~1.5 nm和2~10 nm范围的纳米孔隙发育程度与TOC具有明显的正相关性。焦石坝区块五峰组、龙马溪组一段下部和上部页岩有机碳含量的差异性、五峰组页岩处于挤压滑脱层底部且经历了更明显的分层滑脱改造以及改造引起的部分超压释放,可能是3个层位页岩有机孔隙结构差异性的原因。     

鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7段页岩油形成富集机理

页岩油是亟待开发利用的一种非常规油气资源。利用岩石地球化学和烃源岩地球化学的方法对鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7段页岩油形成的基本条件和富集机制进行了系统分析。长7段沉积了平均残余有机碳丰度达7.4%的特高丰度富有机质泥页岩,该套泥页岩中发育丰富的微纳米孔隙,为页岩油的富集创造了良好的条件。长7段页岩油富集的主要机制包括:①高有机物生产力和强还原水体令长7段沉积期的超富营养化湖盆中的有机质得以有效保存,形成高有机质丰度的泥页岩,为页岩油形成提供了物质基础;②长7段富有机质泥页岩生油能力强、转化效率高、排油强度大,为页岩油的规模形成提供了良好条件;③有机质吸附与孔隙容留双机制的页岩油赋存方式,为页岩油的富集提供了多种方式。     

AIR OXIDATION OF EASTERN OIL SHALES OF KENTUCKY. I. OXYGEN UPTAKE

ABSTRACT

The Devonian oil shale of Kentucky (Cleveland Member of the Ohio Shale) proves to be more susceptible to air oxidation than a high sulfur coal such as Western Kentucky No. 9, and much more susceptible than the Eocene Green River Formation shale of Colorado. The Mississippian oil shale (Sunbury Shale) is also readily air oxidized. Oxygen uptake per 100-grams organic carbon content over 10 hours at 30?C taken from plots of oxygen uptake vs. time is as follows: Ohio Shale, 650 cc; Sunbury Shale, 200 cc; Green River Formation shale, 50 cc; Ky No. 9 coal, 40 cc.

Special care in protecting samples from autoxidaion is required if good assays and analyses are to be obtained. The aging chacacteristics of eastern oil shales could potentially affect mining, transportation, crushing, screening, and stockpiling of feedstocks, particularly fines, for a commercial oil shale operation in Kentucky.     

柴达木盆地团鱼山地区石门沟组煤与油页岩沉积环境

柴达木盆地北缘团鱼山地区中侏罗统煤与油页岩广泛发育,但勘探程度较低,煤与油页岩沉积环境及成因研究较薄弱。利用团鱼山地区QD-2全取心井,通过岩石热解、有机碳、工业分析、GC和GC-MS等分析,开展研究区煤与油页岩有机地球化学特征及沉积环境分析。研究发现,研究区油页岩属于高灰分含量、低总有机碳含量、低—中含油率油页岩;而煤属于低灰分含量、高总有机碳含量、低变质的褐煤。煤与油页岩样品中均检测出正构烷烃、类异戊二烯烃、萜类、甾类及芳烃类化合物。在气相色谱图上,煤与油页岩正构烷烃呈前低后高单峰式分布;煤样品Pr/Ph高于油页岩,规则甾烷相对含量为C29>>C28>C27,芳烃类中,倍半萜类和二萜类化合物丰富。综合分析表明,研究区煤与油页岩均处于未成熟演化阶段,有机质来源以陆生裸子植物为主。油页岩形成于弱氧化的淡水浅湖环境,而煤则形成于氧化的沼泽环境,因此研究区煤与油页岩在有机质来源上无较大区别,而在沉积环境上差异较大。对比分析发现,有机质类型、来源及沉积环境的差异导致柴达木盆地团鱼山地区石门沟组含煤段与页岩段油页岩存在不同的赋存特征。     

渤海湾盆地沾化凹陷沙河街组三段下亚段细粒沉积岩岩相特征与沉积演化

渤海湾盆地沾化凹陷沙河街组三段(沙三段)下亚段页岩油勘探潜力巨大,目前对其岩相类型及其分布规律、沉积背景认识不清,制约了页岩油的勘探突破.利用岩心和X射线衍射、元素地球化学、有机地球化学等高精度测试资料,通过识别细粒沉积岩的岩相类型,恢复了古沉积环境,并探讨了沉积环境演变约束下的岩相分布规律.沉积古环境的变化控制了不同...     

湘中坳陷涟源凹陷湘页1井大隆组页岩气地质特征

为评价湘中坳陷涟源凹陷二叠系大隆组页岩气成藏地质条件,部署实施了该区首口以大隆组为目的层的页岩气参数井——湘页1井.充分利用湘页1井钻井、岩心、测井及分析测试资料,开展大隆组岩石矿物组成特征、沉积特征、有机地球化学特征、储集物性特征、含气性等地质条件分析.研究结果表明:湘页1井大隆组页岩形成于缺氧的较深水台盆相沉积环境...