中国部分地区猪肉中指示性多氯联苯污染水平和膳食暴露风险评估

目的 调查中国猪肉中指示性多氯联苯(PCBs)的污染水平以及我国居民膳食暴露情况和风险。方法选取2020年中国13个省(自治区、直辖市)为监测点采集猪肉样品,采用同位素稀释-气相色谱-高分辨磁质谱联用法测定203份猪肉中7种指示性PCBs(PCB28、PCB52、PCB101、PCB118、PCB138、PCB153、PCB180)的含量,并分析其指纹特征。依据各省(自治区、直辖市)猪肉的消费量数据,评估居民通过猪肉暴露指示性PCBs的健康风险。结果 猪肉中7种指示性PCBs(∑₇PCBs)的平均浓度范围为0.053(广西)～0.826 ng/g脂肪(浙江),P95浓度范围为0.091(广西)～2.702 ng/g脂肪(浙江)。PCB28和PCB52为主要的指纹特征。中国居民通过食用猪肉每日摄入∑₇PCBs的平均水平和P95水平分别为(0.062±0.076)ng/kg·BW和(0.158±0.207)ng/kg·BW,暴露风险指数(ERI)均小于1。结论 中国猪肉中∑₇PCBs的污染水平较低,居民通过猪肉膳食暴露指示性...     

宁波海产品中多氯联苯的残留与风险评估

为探讨多氯联苯(PCBs)污染物在宁波市售海产品中的组成规律及季节变化特征,按不同季节采集10种宁波居民主要食用海产鱼类,采用气相色谱法检测其中7种指示性多氯联苯残留量,并进行人体健康风险评价。结果表明,PCBs的残留质量分数为0.06~3.98μg/kg,其中PCB-52和PCB-153为主要组分。PCBs含量分布特征为秋季最高,冬季次之,夏季最低。宁波市售海产品中多氯联苯残留量水平在可接受的范围内。食用上层鱼的健康风险CV值小于食用下层鱼,PCBs监测是风险评估需要控制的关键因素。     

云南省淡水湖泊鱼虾中多氯联苯食用安全性评估

目的对云南省5个淡水湖泊中鱼虾体内的多氯联苯(polychorinated biphenyl,PCBs)污染水平进行调查研究。方法采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪进行检测分析,根据检测结果对云南省淡水湖泊中的鱼虾体内多氯联苯的含量进行食用安全性评估。结果云南省淡水湖泊中鱼虾体内的多氯联苯检出率为90%,多氯联苯的含量范围为ND～1.16μg/kg,平均含量为0.27μg/kg,低于国家标准限量。云南省淡水湖泊中鱼虾体内的多氯联苯按照世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)规定的多氯联苯毒性当量(toxic equivalent quantity,TEQ)分布于ND～6.51×10~(-5)μg/kg,平均值为1.21×10~(-5)μg/kg,低于欧盟的行动标准限量。结论云南省居民从云南省淡水湖泊鱼虾体内摄入持久性有机污染物多氯联苯的剂量较低,引起的健康风险较低。     

纳米ZnO/LDPE食品包装膜及食品模拟物中ZnO含量的测定

建立了微波消解/电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer,ICP-AES)及电感耦合等离子质谱仪(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer,ICP-MS)对纳米氧化锌/低密度聚乙烯(纳米Zn O/LDPE)薄膜及食品模拟物中Zn O含量的检测方法。根据EU10/2011选择30 g/L乙酸及超纯水为食品模拟物,将纳米Zn O/LDPE薄膜在40℃下浸泡10 d,测定食品模拟物中的Zn O含量。结果表明:Zn在0.03~100μg/L及0.1~5 mg/L的浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数不低于0.999 8,在低、中、高3个水平进行加标实验,加标回收率在91.2%~110.2%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为0.3%~6.8%,方法在消解液、30 g/L乙酸及超纯水的检出限(LOD)分别为0.015 mg/L,0.03 mg/L及0.03μg/L,方法的定量限(LOQ)分别为0.05 mg/L,0.1 mg/L及0.1μg/L,方法精密度好,灵敏度高,定性定量准确。采用该方法测得,实验室3种自制纳米复合薄膜中Zn O含量分别为(4.71±0.19),(9.20±0.49)及(12.87±0.33)g/kg,在40℃10 d后,3%乙酸(w/v)食品模拟物中Zn O的含量分别为(2.35±0.02),(3.54±0.01)及(4.12±0.35)mg/kg,在水食品模拟物中Zn O的含量分别为(24.65±0.68),(24.80±1.25)及(45.85±0.32)μg/kg。     

原花青素对冷藏养殖大黄鱼鱼片保鲜效果研究

本文研究经0.2%原花青素浸泡的养殖大黄鱼鱼片和对照组在4℃冷藏条件下20d内品质的变化。定期分析处理组和对照组大黄鱼鱼片的微生物指标(菌落总数)和生化指标(丙二醛值、K值、肌红蛋白含量、半胱天冬酶-3活性、总谷胱甘肽含量)。研究结果表明,在4℃冷藏过程中,原花青素处理组能延长大黄鱼片货架期3～5d。在货架期15d时,原花青素处理组和对照组样品的细菌总数分别为0.72×107cfu/mL和1.03×108cfu/mL,丙二醛值分别为0.24μmol/μg和0.38μmol/μg,高铁肌红蛋白含量分别为29.91%和30.05%,肌红蛋白值分别为1.56mg/g和1.21mg/g,K值分别为44.99%和57.47%,半胱天冬酶-3活性分别为1.49U/mg和2.48U/mg,总谷胱甘肽含量分别为6.74mg/kg和6.01mg/kg。在大黄鱼冷藏过程中,原花青素能抑制细菌繁殖,减缓脂肪氧化和蛋白质的氧化变性,抑制蛋白水解酶活性的增强,从而保持大黄鱼风味,延长大黄鱼鱼片的储藏货架期。     

2017~2019年百色市玉米真菌毒素污染状况调查及分析

目的：对2017~2019年百色市收获期玉米受真菌毒素的污染状况进行调查分析。方法：在2017-2019年间连续3年对百色市12个县区随机抽取186份玉米样品,采用高效液相色谱法对样品中黄曲霉素B1(aflatoxin B1, AFB1)、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(deoxynivalenol, DON)及玉米赤霉烯酮(zearalenone,ZEN)的含量进行检测,并按照GB 2761-2017《食品安全国家标准 食品中真菌毒素限量》对结果进行分析评价。结果：AFB1的检出率为91.94%,最高含量为3089.0μg/kg,超标率为68.28%（国家标准限量为20μg/kg）;DON的检出率为5.38%,其中最高含量为292.9μg/kg,无样品超标;ZEN检出率为45.16%,其中最高含量为4221.0μg/kg,超标率为22.04%（国家标准限量为60μg/kg）。结论：百色市收获期玉米受真菌毒素污染较普遍,其中黄曲霉毒素AFB1的污染比其余的2种毒素污染严重,Don污染程度最轻,需引起有关部门的足够重视。     

QuEChERS-气相色谱分析厦门海域鱼体中有机氯类农药残留特征及风险评价

以厦门海域10种鱼类作为研究对象,利用QuEChERS-气相色谱分析鱼肉中有机氯农药(organochlorine pesticides,OCPs)的残留水平和特征,并探讨其可能的健康风险。样品经V(正己烷)∶V(丙酮)=1∶1提取,经400 mg PSA,150 mg C18和900 mg无水MgSO4净化,采用气相色谱定性和定量分析,结合气相色谱-质谱法确认。各OCPs在1～50μg/L质量浓度范围内线性相关系数均大于0. 998 8,回收率为83. 2%～103. 5%,精密度为4. 8%～12. 1%,检出限0. 01～0. 09μg/kg; 10种鱼类均有OCPs检出,含量在5. 532～22. 174μg/kg之间,带鱼和鳓鱼的OCPs含量最高,分别为22. 174μg/kg和19. 910μg/kg; P’P’-DDD、P’P’-DDE和β-HCH是最主要的OCPs污染物;各异构体的含量水平和组成特征表明该水域的OCPs大部分来自早期农药使用残留,但疑似有三氯杀螨醇引入的DDT污染;估计每日膳食摄入量(estimated daily intake,EDI)均远低于国标规定值。Qu EChERS可以应用于大批量水产品中OCPs的检测分析,厦门海域的水环境近期受OCPs污染较小,食用该水域的鱼类产生OCPs危害的风险较低。     

养殖大黄鱼鱼鳔的营养及安全评价

以养殖大黄鱼、带鱼、鲐鱼3种东海常见海鱼的鱼鳔为研究对象,采用气相色谱-质谱连用(gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer,GC-MS)、微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(inductively coupled plasma massspectrometry,ICP-MS)等技术对3种鱼鳔的氨基酸、脂肪酸组分和矿物元素进行了分析。结果显示,大黄鱼鱼鳔的各项指标优于带鱼和鲐鱼鱼鳔,其中大黄鱼鱼鳔中的呈味氨基酸含量达58.55 g/100 g,同时甘氨酸、丙氨酸、精氨酸等功能性氨基酸含量较高,表明大黄鱼鱼鳔营养价值较高,且在海鲜调味料的生产方面具有很好的应用前景;大黄鱼鱼鳔的脂肪酸以单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸为主,含量分别可达到13.09%和55.13%;大黄鱼鱼鳔的K、Na、Ca、Fe、Zn含量较高,其中Ca和Fe元素显著高于带鱼和鲐鱼鱼鳔,可作为补钙和补铁的良好食物来源,而大黄鱼鱼鳔中Pb、Cd、Hg、As含量均未超出国家标准的规定含量,食品安全性好。     

鱼类罐头相关食品标准法规中组胺指标探讨

目的探讨鱼类罐头相关食品标准法规中组胺指标,为GB 7098—2015《食品安全国家标准罐头食品》中鱼类罐头组胺指标修订提供基础数据。方法整理分析国内外法规情况、我国水产品及其制品组胺中毒情况,统计分析广东省市售高组胺鱼类罐头中组胺含量、广东省成人居民鱼类罐头消费量数据及组胺参考限量值。结果我国的鱼类罐头(仅适用于鲐鱼、鲹鱼、沙丁鱼罐头)组胺限量标准为1 000 mg/kg,高于国际组织和国外的组胺限量标准;1998—2018年我国水产品及其制品组胺中毒报道案例共18例,引起组胺中毒食物检测含量最低为120 mg/kg,最高为3 820 mg/kg;广东省主要鱼类罐头生产地区采集鱼类罐头样品136份,组胺含量范围为未检出(ND)～488.8 mg/kg,组胺含量超过200 mg/kg的占3.7%(5/136),超过400 mg/kg的占1.5%(2/136);基于广东省成人居民鱼类罐头高消费人群(P97.5)消费量为120 g/次和无作用剂量(NOAEL,50 mg)得出鱼类罐头组胺参考限量值为417 mg/kg。结论 GB 7098—2015鱼类罐头组胺指标限量值高,测定鱼品种少,建议我国开展高组胺鱼类罐头组胺风险评估,修订该标准鱼类罐头组胺指标。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法检测食用油脂中多环芳烃

建立了有机溶剂萃取、硅胶固相萃取柱净化、液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS法)测定食用油脂中EPA 16种多环芳烃的检测方法。EPA 16种多环芳烃的定量限分别为0.02~0.43μg/kg,回收率为86.5%~104.6%,日内精密度小于6%,日间精密度小于5%。在40个受测油脂样品中,EPA 16种多环芳烃的含量范围为11.68~146.06μg/kg。对照我国GB 2716规定,所有受测样品中苯并(a)芘含量均不超过≤10μg/kg的限量标准。然而,8个油样的苯并(a)芘含量超过了欧盟≤2μg/kg的限量标准,10个油样的PAH4含量超过了欧盟≤10μg/kg的限量标准。     

水产品及其苗种中硝基呋喃代谢物的高效液相色谱- 串联质谱法测定

对115 个水产品及鱼苗样品进行呋喃妥因(AHD)、呋喃它酮(AMOZ)、呋喃唑酮(AOZ)和呋喃西林(SEM)4 种硝基呋喃代谢物残留量分析。样品水解、衍生和净化后,采用液相色谱- 电喷雾三重四级杆串联质谱仪检测,多反应监测扫描模式和同位素内标法定量。各类硝基呋喃代谢物线性范围为0.5～20ng/mL、检出限0.25μg/kg,在0.25～5μg/kg 范围内样品添加回收率为89.0%～117.2%,相对标准偏差小于10%。结果表明,水产鱼苗中的硝基呋喃代谢物残留量远远高于成鱼,其中大黄鱼苗中AOZ 的检出率为62%,最大残留量3890μg/kg,而大黄鱼成鱼AOZ 的检出率17%,最大残留量2.81μg/kg,同时淡水鱼的硝基呋喃类药物残留小于海产鱼。     

Plasma-associated halogenated phenolic contaminants in benthic and pelagic fish species from the Detroit River

Halogenated phenolic contaminants (HPCs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and other organochlorine (OC) contaminants (DDTs, chlordanes, HCH, and octachlorostyrene (OCS)) were determined (ng/g, wet wt basis) in the blood plasma of 6 piscivorous/pelagic- and 7 benthic-feeding fish species from the Detroit River. Seven to twelve hydroxylated (OH) PCB congeners with pentachloro- to nonachloro-substitution, pentachlorophenol (PCP) and 4-OH-heptachlorostyrene (4-OH-HpCS), as well as a number of other unidentified HPCs, were detected in all the fish species studied. The concentrations of sigma-OH-PCB (0.57-129.5 ng/ g), 4-OH-HpCS (0.02-0.31 ng/g), and PCP (0.05-3.42 ng/ g) in comparison to other major polychlorinated contaminants (sigma-PCB (10.4-909.0 ng/g), sigma-chlordane (0.72-8.68 ng/g), sigma-DDT (2.10-66.57 ng/g), and sigma-HCH (0.04-0.84 ng/g)) demonstrate the importance of HPCs, especially OH-PCBs, as plasma-associated contaminants. OH-PCBs are most likely metabolites of PCBs, and 4-OH-HpCS is a likely metabolite of OCS. Our findings indicate that metabolic biotransformation is a factor in the bioaccumulation, pharmacokinetics, and fate of OCS and highly chlorinated PCB congeners that are generally more recalcitrant in fish. Target tissue exposure to circulating OH-PCBs was variable, and thus potential OH-PCB-mediated toxicological activity and effects (e.g., endocrine-related) and health risks are different among the fish species.     

广州市26种水果中硒含量特征分析

通过酸消解,原子荧光-氢化物发生法测定了广州市26种市售水果中硒的含量,由标准物质(GBW08551猪肝)和回收率控制检测质量。结果表明,不同水果中硒含量有较大差异,含量范围为1.03～13.2μg/kg,平均含量为4.97μg/kg,不同类型水果中硒含量变化特征是:热带亚热带水果(6.03±2.59μg/kg)>浆果类(5.53±0.87μg/kg)>仁果类(5.18±0.33μg/kg)>核果类(4.78±0.97μg/kg)>柑橘类(3.92±0.50μg/kg)>瓜果类(3.43±0.94μg/kg)。     

Children's daily exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls from dietary supplements containing fish oils

In children, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may elicit a suite of health benefits including enhancement of cognitive development. Subsequently, dietary supplements containing omega-3 PUFAs have become increasingly popular. Often, the largest source of beneficial PUFAs in these supplements is fish oil, which may contain significant levels of contaminants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The objectives of this study were to evaluate congener-specific PCB concentrations in 13 over-the-counter children's dietary supplements containing fish oils/powders and assess potential PCB exposures through ingestion of these products on a daily basis. Every supplement analysed contained PCBs, with a mean concentration of 9?±?8?ng PCBs/g supplement. When following serving size suggestions, mean daily exposure values ranged from 2.5 to 50.3?ng PCBs/day. Daily exposures for children's supplements were significantly lower than those previously reported for adult supplements and may be explained, in part, by the variability in the amount of fish oil (and PUFA content) in a serving size. Based on this study, factors such as fish oil purification methods (e.g., molecular distillation) and the trophic level of the fish species used to make the fish oil cannot be used as indicators of PCB levels within children's supplements. Fish supplements may decrease or increase daily PCB exposure compared with ingestion of fresh fish. However, eating fish high in omega-3 PUFAs and low in PCBs may reduce PCB exposure compared with daily supplementation with fish oils for some products studied.     

Investigation of selected persistent organic pollutants in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), salmon aquaculture feed,and fish oil components of the feed

There is extensive literature documenting the bioaccumulation of persistent organic pollutants in the marine environment, but relatively little data are available on contamination pathways in aquaculture systems such as that for farmed salmon. In recent years,the salmon industry has grown significantly in Europe. This study reports on the determination of a wide range of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in farmed and wild European Atlantic salmon fish, aquaculture feeds, and fish oils used to supplement the feeds. The study confirms previous reports of relatively high concentrations of PCBs and indicates moderate concentrations of organochlorine pesticides and PBDEs in farmed Scottish and European salmon. Concentrations of the selected persistent organic pollutants varied among the samples: PCBs (salmon, 145-460 ng/g lipid; salmon feeds, 76-1153 ng/g lipid; fish oils, 9-253 ng/g lipid), S DDTs (salmon, 5-250 ng/g lipid; salmon feeds, 34-52 ng/g lipid; fish oils, 11-218 ng/g lipid), and PBDEs (salmon, 1-85 ng/g lipid: salmon feeds, 8-24 ng/g lipid; fish oils, ND-13 ng/g lipid). Comparison of the samples for all groups of contaminants, except for HCHs, showed an increase in concentration in the order fish oil < feed < salmon. Homologue profiles were similar, with an increase in contribution of hepta- and octa-PCBs in the fish, and profiles of DDTs were similar in all three types of samples. With a constant contribution to the total PCB content, the ICES 7 PCBs appear to be reliable predictors of the PCB contamination profile through all the samples. For PBDEs, BDE 47 dominated the profiles, with no significant difference in the PBDE profiles for the three matrixes. Samples with higher PCB contents generally showed higher levels of the pesticide residues, but this was not the case with the PBDEs, indicating the existence of different pollution sources.     

Health risk of coplanar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in edible fish from the Mediterranean Sea

The muscle tissue of different species of fish was analyzed for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in order to estimate the daily intake of these contaminants. Contamination levels among the different species varied between 108 and 678 ng/g lipid weight. Isomer-specific analysis in the muscle tissue of the various fish revealed a profile dominated by hexa- and pentachlorobiphenyls, followed by hepta- and tetrachlorobiphenyls. Other congeners, including those with fewer than four or more than nine chlorine atoms, were below the instrumental limit of detection in all samples. PCB dietary intake was below the range of 1 to 4 pg 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-p-dioxin equivalents per kg body weight per day set by the World Health Organization. From a public health point of view, there is no indication of important risks associated with the consumption of these seafoods.     

Dietary exposure to non-dioxin-like PCBs of the Hong Kong adult population from a total diet study

Dietary exposure of Hong Kong adults to the sum of the six indicator PCBs (Σ₆ PCBs; PCB 28, 52, 101, 138, 153, and 180) was estimated in this study using the Total Diet Study (TDS) approach. Seventy one commonly-consumed food items of animal origin were sampled in four seasons and prepared as consumed in 2010–2011. The results showed that the main dietary source of Σ₆ PCBs to the adult population was ‘fish, seafood and their products’ which accounted for 84.3% of the total exposure. About 50% of the total exposure was contributed by four fish species: salmon (cooked salmon and salmon sashimi, 19.9%), mandarin fish (14.7%), pomfret fish (8.5%) and yellow croaker (7.5%). Salmon was found to contain the highest mean level of Σ₆ PCBs of 5.7 ng g^?1 fresh weight at upper bound estimation, ranging from 4.4 to 6.3 ng g^?1. The lower bound and upper bound exposure estimates of ?₆ PCBs to the average consumer of the population were found to be 0.68 and 1.38 ng kg^?1 body weight day^?1 respectively while for high consumers, the lower bound and upper bound exposure estimates were 3.08 and 3.84 ng kg^?1 body weight day^?1 respectively. In addition, the dietary exposures to individual indicator PCB congeners were also estimated.     

Persistent organic pollutants in fish: biomonitoring and cocktail effect with implications for food safety

The impact of anthropogenic wastes of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) on the marine environment has increased in the last decades. POPs include polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCs). To assess the levels of these POPs in the wild fish population, pelagic and benthopelagic predator fish species were selected as biomonitors. For detection and quantification of POPs in muscular tissues, a simple extraction through Accelerated-Solvent-Extraction (ASE) with an ‘in-line’ clean up purification approach was applied, followed by a GC–MS/MS analysis. Concentrations of sum DDT, sum HCH and endrin correlated with all PCB concentrations. Significant differences among fish species were found for all OCs and all PCBs except PCB 31 and 101. Blackspot seabream had the highest PCB concentrations; OCs were highest in tuna. Due to major concerns regarding fish population losses and the possible human chronic exposure to contaminated fish, studies addressing combined effects of multiple POPs (‘cocktail effect’) should be implemented. Our data motivate further experimental and observational studies in fish to define adequate baseline levels for cumulative human exposure and potential role of these contaminants for food safety.     

Use of sunfish and stoneroller minnows as real-time in situ biomonitors of PCB contamination in freshwater streams

A long-term polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) monitoring study was conducted fortwo moderately impacted freshwater streams in Kentucky. Streamwater, sediment, and fish were analyzed for Aroclors 1248, 1254, and 1260 during 1988-2005. Only 8 of 263 water samples showed detectable PCBs. The low occurrences of PCB detections in streamwater indicated that PCBs were transitory in the water column, rapidly mobilizing into biotic and sediment compartments. One component of this study focused on species-specific patterns of PCB residues in fish, especially the green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus), longear sunfish (L. megalotis), bluegill (L. macrochirus), and stoneroller minnow (Campostoma anomalum). Stoneroller minnows had higher PCB concentrations and increased frequency of detection when compared to sport fish. Aroclor 1248 was detected 80% of the time in stoneroller minnows from Big Bayou creek, whereas it was only detected in 25-39% of sport fish. In comparison, Aroclors 1254 and 1260 in sport fish were detected 49-69% of the time. These results indicate that higher chlorinated PCB congeners found in Aroclors 1254 and 1260 were not as readily metabolized and excreted by sport fish. No relationships were found between sunfish age and PCB concentrations, which demonstrated that sunfish exposed to low PCB contamination can effectively regulate PCBs, regardless of age. In addition, at low PCB levels (<0.50 microg/g), green sunfish body burden did not correlate with lipid content. A certain PCB threshold concentration, > or = 1.00 microg/g, must be exceeded before correlations between PCB body burden and lipid content are observed. These results indicate that, at least for species such as the sunfish, the use of the octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow) under low-level PCB exposure would appear to have little predictive value. Studies by Sanborn et al. (1975) found the green sunfish to be particularly adept at metabolizing organochlorine compounds and PCBs. This field study supports their laboratory findings. Green sunfish may have an enhanced P450 system, or due to low body lipid content, more effectively shunt PCBs into metabolic pathways that detoxify these compounds.     

Persistent Organic Pollutants in Fish Oil Supplements on the Canadian Market: Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Organochlorine Insecticides

ABSTRACT:  Fish and seal oil dietary supplements, marketed to be rich in omega-3 fatty acids, are frequently consumed by Canadians. Samples of these supplements ( n  = 30) were collected in Vancouver, Canada, between 2005 and 2007. All oil supplements were analyzed for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine insecticides (OCs) and each sample was found to contain detectable residues. The highest ΣPCB and ΣDDT (1,1,1-trichloro-di-(4-chlorophenyl)ethane) concentrations (10400 ng/g and 3310 ng/g, respectively) were found in a shark oil sample while lowest levels were found in supplements prepared using mixed fish oils (anchovy, mackerel, and sardine) (0.711 ng ΣPCB/g and 0.189 ng ΣDDT/g). Mean ΣPCB concentrations in oil supplements were 34.5, 24.2, 25.1, 95.3, 12.0, 5260, 321, and 519 ng/g in unidentified fish, mixed fish containing no salmon, mixed fish with salmon, salmon, vegetable with mixed fish, shark, menhaden ( n  = 1), and seal ( n  = 1), respectively. Maximum concentrations of the other OCs were generally observed in the seal oil. The hexachlorinated PCB congeners were the dominant contributors to ΣPCB levels, while ΣDDT was the greatest contributor to organochlorine levels. Intake estimates were made using maximum dosages on manufacturers' labels and results varied widely due to the large difference in residue concentrations obtained. Average ΣPCB and ΣDDT intakes were calculated to be 736 ± 2840 ng/d and 304 ± 948 ng/d, respectively.