辐照处理对冷鲜乳鸽品质的影响

采用不同剂量⁶⁰Co-γ射线辐照处理冷鲜乳鸽,通过生化理化指标、挥发性风味成分测定及微观结构观察,探讨辐照对冷鲜乳鸽品质和脂质氧化的影响。结果表明：随着辐照剂量的升高,冷鲜乳鸽的a*值、总挥发性盐基氮含量、汁液流失率、过氧化值、硫代巴比妥酸反应产物值和酸价总体显著上升(P<0.05),菌落总数、L*值、b*值和质构参数总体显著降低(P<0.05);肌纤维直径显著减小(P<0.05),肌纤维间隙增大,总脂肪酸、饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸的含量显著上升(P<0.05),多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著下降(P<0.05),表明辐照处理既能促进乳鸽的脂质氧化水解成游离脂肪酸,也可以促进乳鸽的多不饱和脂肪酸分解。挥发性风味成分分析结果显示,乳鸽中共检出8大类、73种挥发性成分,其中烃类和醛类是挥发性风味成分中含量最高的两种物质,说明脂质氧化对辐照乳鸽的风味起重要影响作用。本研究可为辐照技术在乳鸽等畜禽肉中的加工应用提供一定的理论依据。     

辐照杀菌对低盐切片腊肉风味及理化性质的影响

为探究不同剂量的辐照杀菌对低盐切片腊肉品质的影响,常温下采用高能电子加速器对样品进行辐照处理,剂量分别设定为2、3、4 kGy,以未杀菌组为对照,于4℃储藏的第0、60、120、180 d测定其菌落总数、风味物质及理化指标。结果表明,相同条件下随辐照剂量的增加,低盐切片腊肉的亚硝酸盐含量显著降低(P<0.05),a^*值和过氧化值(POV)升高。第180 d时,辐照组的水分含量和b^*值显著高于对照组(P<0.05),L^*和a^*值与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),POV值显著低于对照组(P<0.05);储藏阶段,辐照组菌落总数增长缓慢,且始终低于对照组。二甲基二硫醚等异味物质含量增高,与对照组的风味差异增大,香味评分降低。气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)和电子鼻分析结果显示,辐照异味随储藏时间的延长而减少,主要风味物质含量占比增加,与对照组的风味差异减小。综合分析可得,2、3 kGy处理的腊肉样品脂肪氧化程度较低;辐照后与对照组的风味差异较小,异味相对较弱;储藏后的水分含量较...     

电子束辐照对即食凤爪品质的影响

以即食凤爪为试材,研究了电子加速器辐照处理对凤爪品质的影响,分析了不同剂量处理条件下凤爪的脂质氧化TBARS值、总挥发性盐基氮、弹性、汁液流失率、感官品质和菌落的变化情况。结果表明:当辐照剂量达到6.0 kGy时,产品贮藏180 d后其菌落总数为4 300 cfu/g,菌落总数电子束辐照的D10值在1.84～2.22 kGy;辐照剂量大于6.0 kGy时,TBARS值与空白相比有显著差异,而TVB-N则无显著差异;辐照剂量超过8.0 kGy时,则凤爪的弹性与汁液流失率有显著的影响。辐照剂量在一定范围内(8.0 kGy),对产品的感官品质不会产生明显的影响。常温下180 d的贮藏实验结果显示,采用电子束辐照可以显著降低并控制即食凤爪微生物含量,延长产品的货架期。     

杀菌方式对红烧老鹅脂肪酸组成和挥发性风味的影响

比较研究电子束（0、3、6、9、12?kGy）、60Co-γ射线（0、3、6、9、12?kGy）、105、121?℃杀菌处理对真空包装红烧老鹅脂肪氧化硫代巴比妥酸反应物（thiobarbituric acid reactive substances,TBARS）值、脂肪酸含量及挥发性风味的影响。结果表明：高剂量的电子束、60Co-γ射线及高温处理可加速红烧老鹅肉脂质的氧化,9?kGy剂量的60Co-γ射线对红烧老鹅TBARS值的影响最为显著（P＜0.05）;饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸的含量随电子束、60Co-γ射线辐照剂量的增加而显著增加（P＜0.05）,105?℃杀菌组饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于121?℃杀菌组（P＜0.05）,而105?℃杀菌组单不饱和脂肪含量显著低于121?℃杀菌组（P＜0.05）;多不饱和脂肪酸的含量则随电子束、60Co-γ射线辐照剂量的增加而显著减少（P＜0.05）,105?℃杀菌组多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于121?℃杀菌组（P＜0.05）;电子鼻检测挥发性风味变化,表明3?kGy的电子束和60Co-γ射线、105?℃及空白组的风味差异较小。因此,低剂量电子束或60Co-γ射线辐照（＜6?kGy）和105?℃处理对红烧老鹅肉脂肪酸组成和挥发性风味的影响较小,可为红烧老鹅产品选择不同的杀菌方式提供可行性依据。     

电子束辐照处理对生鲜猪肉的保鲜作用

为研究电子束辐照处理对生鲜猪肉品质的影响,该实验使用1 kGy、3 kGy、5 kGy、7 kGy、9 kGy辐照剂量对生鲜猪肉进行处理,于4 ℃环境下贮藏。在贮藏期间进行理化指标的测定,结果表明：小于3 kGy的辐照剂量,对生鲜猪肉色泽有一定促进作用。高剂量（大于7 kGy）的辐照处理,会影响生鲜肉色泽感官。辐照对生鲜肉脂肪氧化促进作用以及杀菌效果十分明显,在第12 d时空白组TBARS值最低,仅为0.446 mg/kg,9 kGy组数值最高,达到了0.650 mg/kg。空白组货架期仅为7~8 d,而7 kGy、9 kGy组第12 d时菌落值仍在合格肉标准内,延长了5 d货架期。挥发性风味物质种类方面,0 kGy、1 kGy组均检测出13种化合物,3 kGy组检测出了10种,5 kGy组检测出了16种,7 kGy组检测出了15种,9 kGy组检测出了14种化合物。高剂量（大于7 kGy）的辐照能够增加生鲜猪肉风味化合物的种类和含量,低剂量的辐照处理对生鲜猪肉风味促进作用不大。通过对各项理化指标的综合考虑,采用3 kGy的辐照处理生鲜猪肉效果最佳。     

牡丹提取物及乳酸菌替代低温火腿肠中亚硝酸盐的研究

研究了牡丹提取物及乳酸菌发酵液替代亚硝酸钠对低温火腿肠颜色、质构、脂质氧化程度、菌落总数及风味的影响。结果表明,0.3%牡丹提取物和3%乳酸菌发酵液可替代低温火腿肠中2/3亚硝酸钠用量,其火腿肠红度值(a*)及脂肪氧化程度与添加150mg/kg亚硝酸钠效果相当,且能保持火腿肠良好的质构特性;添加牡丹提取物及乳酸菌发酵液,可使火腿肠菌落总数显著降低(P0.05),延长火腿肠货架期。与空白对照相比,复配火腿肠中醛类和酮类物质相对含量降低,酸类、酯类等挥发性风味物质相对含量增加较为显著,其中己酸乙酯含量提高了1.7倍;2-戊基呋喃和麦芽酚等其它风味物质相对含量亦有所升高,总体感官评价较好。     

辐照灭菌处理对中式酱牛肉理化性能的影响

目的：对比分析辐照灭菌和高温釜式灭菌对酱牛肉理化性能、质构变化和脂质氧化情况的影响。方法：选择辐照剂量2,4,6,8 kGy对酱牛肉进行辐照处理,高温釜式选择121 ℃、20 min灭菌。结果：辐照处理剂量为6,8 kGy时,辐照处理具有与高温釜式相同的灭菌效果,可延长酱牛肉的保质期;辐照剂量的增加可使得酱牛肉的L*(亮度值)整体呈下降趋势,且辐照组样品L*值高于未经灭菌处理的酱牛肉,a*值先上升后逐渐降低,当辐照剂量＜6 kGy时,随着辐照剂量的增加样品的b*值逐渐升高,当辐照剂量＞6 kGy时,样品的b*值又减小,且辐照组处理的酱牛肉b*值均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05);辐照处理组对酱牛肉硬度与弹性的维持性优于高温釜式灭菌;而辐照处理的酱牛肉过氧化值与酸价值随着辐照剂量的增加显著增高(P＜0.05),高温釜式灭菌对酱牛肉过氧化值影响不显著,8 kGy辐照剂量组与高温釜式灭菌组酸价值均显著高于其他组(P＜0.05),辐照使得样品的初始丙二醛值增加。结论：6 kGy辐照剂量组的酱牛肉货架期相较于对照组延长且该剂量辐照处理更容易被消费者接受。     

不同剂量辐照对鸡胸肉挥发性化合物的影响

为探究电子束辐照对鸡胸肉异味产生的影响，对不同剂量辐照鸡胸肉中的挥发性化合物进行检测和分析。用固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用法(solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, SPME-GC-MS)对不同剂量辐照鸡胸肉中的挥发性化合物进行分析，对辐照鸡胸肉进行感官评价实验，结合挥发性化合物含量进行偏最小二乘回归分析(partial least squares regression, PLSR)。检测到了18种香气活力值(odor activity value, OAV)大于1的挥发性化合物，其中2 kGy剂量辐照对鸡胸肉中挥发性化合物影响最明显。确定了对鸡胸肉果香、霉香、油脂、鸡肉味、油漆味有重要贡献的特征化合物。感官评价得分结合挥发性化合物的OAV表明反-2-辛烯醛、1-辛烯-3-醇、壬醛、3-羟基-2-丁酮可能是辐照鸡胸肉产生辐照异味的特征化合物。实验结果为电子束辐照食品中异味的检测及掩盖提供理论依据，推动电子束辐照保鲜技术在其他食品中的应用。     

电子束辐照对泥蚶肉挥发性风味成分的影响

目的:分析电子束辐照对泥蚶肉挥发性风味成分的影响。方法:以泥蚶为原料,采用固相微萃取-气质联用分析不同剂量电子束辐照后泥蚶肉的挥发性风味成分。结果:1)经1～9kGy剂量辐照,泥蚶肉挥发性风味成分的种类由46种分别增至55、57、52、58和66种;各剂量组羰基化合物含量最高,是泥蚶肉的主体风味成分;酮类赋予泥蚶肉甜花香,醛类则赋予泥蚶肉的脂香及瓜果香味。7kGy组泥蚶肉的异味可能与其高含量的挥发性羰基化合物有关。2)3kGy、5kGy组泥蚶肉的挥发性醇类相对含量增加,其中烯醇类化合物可赋予肉品柔和的香味。辐照后部分烯烃含量降低,一定程度上减少了泥蚶肉的腥味。3)辐照后杂环化合物的相对含量有所增加,其中呋喃类物质赋予泥蚶多种果香味,而吡啶、噻唑等贡献泥蚶炸肉、坚果等风味。5kGy组泥蚶肉中芳香族化合物相对含量最高,其中苯甲醛具杏仁香,可改善泥蚶固有风味。结论:3～5kGy辐照剂量对泥蚶肉原有风味不会产生明显的影响,甚至在一定程度上改善其风味。     

多元法分析高能电子束辐照对白芷挥发性成分的影响

为探究高能电子束辐照对白芷挥发性成分的影响,设置不同辐照剂量处理白芷样品,采用电子鼻结合顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱技术分析其辐照前后主要成分的变化。结果表明,白芷经高能电子束1、3、5、7、10 kGy剂量辐照处理后,分别鉴定出54、64、59、53、58 种化合物,对照组（0 kGy处理）样品检测出17 种化合物。辐照处理使样品挥发性成分增多,主要贡献风味的物质为醛类、酯烃类,同时辐照后样品产生了酮类化合物,且随着辐照剂量的增大,醛、酮类物质相对含量增加。利用主成分分析、线性判别分析、聚类分析和偏最小二乘法统计分析数据,将辐照样品分为0～3 kGy和5～10 kGy两类,即不高于3 kGy剂量的辐照处理对白芷气味无明显影响,高能电子束不同辐照剂量对白芷挥发性成分影响不相同。为高能电子束辐照处理白芷样品对其品质所产生的影响提供理论依据和参考,也为高能电子束在食药两用资源方面的辐照应用提供一定的基础。     

The Effects of Irradiation at 1.6 kGy on Quality Characteristics of Commercially Produced Ham and Pork Frankfurters over Extended Storage

ABSTRACT: Commercially produced sliced ham and all-pork frankfurters were obtained from a national meat processor and irradiated at 1.6 kGy. The samples were evaluated for color, lipid oxidation, odor, flavor, and the production of volatiles over an 8-wk storage period. Irradiation processing did not affect color values for the ham or frankfurters. Lipid oxidation as measured by 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) did not increase for either the ham or frankfurters. Irradiation processing increased off-odor scores for the ham but not for frankfurters. On the other hand, off-flavor scores were not significantly different for ham but were higher in frankfurters after irradiation processing. Dimethyl disulfide content increased as a result of irradiation in both the ham and frankfurters but decreased during the 8-week storage period. Irradiation processing resulted in the formation of new volatile compounds in the ham samples including heptane, trans -1-butyl-2-methylcyclopropanone, 2-octene, and toluene, which were not present in nonirradiated ham. In the case of frankfurters, irradiation treatment resulted in the formation of 2-butanone, which was not present in the nonirradiated frankfurters. Most volatile compounds that were affected by irradiation processing of either the ham or frankfurters were increased when compared with nonirradiated controls. Although color and lipid oxidation (TBARS) did not seem to be affected by irradiation processing at 1.6 kGy, changes in odor, flavor, and the production of volatiles are of concern if irradiation is to be used to control microbial growth in ready-to-eat pork products.     

Lipid oxidation, color changes and volatiles production in irradiated pork sausage with different fat content and packaging during storage

Effects of irradiation on lipid oxidation, color and volatiles production in pork sausages with different fat content and packaging were determined. Sausages (with 4.7, 10.5 and 15.8% fat content) were sliced and vacuum-packaged either in oxygen-permeable or impermeable bags, irradiated (0 or 4.5 kGy) and stored at 4°C for 7 days. Lipid oxidation, color and volatiles productions were analyzed at 0, 3 and 7 days of storage. TBARS (2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) values of cooked pork sausages increased with the increase of fat content regardless of storage, irradiation or packaging types. Irradiated samples had higher TBARS than nonirradiated at 0 day but the difference disappeared during storage in both packaging types. Lightness of sausages (Hunter L-value) increased with the increase of fat content and storage time but was not affected by irradiation. In aerobic packaging, irradiation reduced Hunter a-values of pork sausages at 0 day but irradiation effect on a-value disappeared during storage. In vacuum packaging, however, irradiated samples had higher Hunter a-values than nonirradiated samples. Irradiation increased 1-heptene and total volatiles, but the amount of 1-heptene was not associated well with TBARS values of pork sausages. In both irradiated and nonirradiated pork sausages, aerobic packaging produced more volatiles than vacuum packaging during storage. It was concluded that irradiation and fat content had significant effects on lipid oxidation, color and volatiles production of cooked pork sausages during storage but that oxygen availability had a stronger effect than irradiation and fat content.     

Effect of muscle type, packaging, and irradiation on lipid oxidation, volatile production, and color in raw pork patties

Effects of packaging and irradiation combinations on lipid oxidation, off-flavor, and color changes of raw patties prepared from three pork muscles were studied. Patties were prepared from each of the ground L. dorsi (L. thoracis and lumborum), psoas, and R. femoris muscles of pig, packaged either in oxygen permeable polyethylene bags or impermeable nylon/polyethylene bags, irradiated with an electron beam at 0 or 4.5 kGy dose, and then stored up to two weeks at 4 °C. Lipid 8 oxidation and color of the patties were determined after 0, 3, 7, and 14 days of storage, and volatiles 24 hr after irradiation. Irradiation and high fat content accelerated the lipid oxidation in raw meat during storage. Oxygen availability during storage, however, was more important than irradiation on the lipid oxidation and color values of raw patties. Irradiated meat produced more volatiles than nonirradiated patties, and the proportion of volatiles varied by the packaging-irradiation conditions of patties. Irradiation produced many unidentified volatiles that could be responsible for the off-odor in irradiated raw meat. No single volatile components but total volatiles, however, could be used to predict lipid oxidation status of raw meat.     

LIPID AND CHOLESTEROL OXIDATION,COLOR CHANGES,AND VOLATILE PRODUCTION IN IRRADIATED RAW PORK BATTERS WITH DIFFERENT FAT CONTENT1

An emulsion-type product was prepared to determine the effect of irradiation on lipid and cholesterol oxidation, color change, and volatile production in raw pork with different fat contents. Lipid oxidation increased with an increase in fat content or irradiation dose. Irradiated batters had higher cholesterol oxides than nonirradiated, and the major cholesterol oxides formed in irradiated pork batters were 7α- and 7β-hydroxycholesterol. Hunter color a- and b-values of raw pork batters were decreased by irradiation regardless of fat content. Irradiation increased the amount ofvolatiles significantly. Although lipid oxidation of high fat products (10 and 15% fat) was higher than that of low fat products (4%), high fat products did not always produce greater amount of volatiles. In summary, irradiation increased lipid and cholesterol oxidation, volatiles production and had detrimental effects on the color of raw pork batters under aerobic condition.     

Effect of ionizing radiation on quality characteristics of vacuum-packaged normal,pale–soft–exudative,and dark–firm–dry pork

Normal, pale–soft–exudative (PSE), and dark–firm–dry (DFD) pork Longissimus dorsi muscles were vacuum-packaged, irradiated at 0, 2.5 or 4.5 kGy, and stored at 4 °C for 10 days. The pH, color and lipid oxidation of pork were determined at 0, 5 and 10 days of storage. Volatile production from pork loins was determined at Day 0 and Day 10, and sensory characteristics at Day 7 of storage. Irradiation increased the redness of vacuum-packaged normal, PSE and DFD pork. However, the 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values of three types of pork were not influenced by irradiation and storage time. Irradiation increased the production of sulfur (S)-containing volatile compounds, such as mercaptomethane, dimethyl sulfide, carbon disulfide, methyl thioacetate, and dimethyl disulfide, as well as total volatiles in all three types of pork. Normal pork produced higher levels of total and S-containing volatile compounds than the PSE and DFD pork did. The volatiles produced by irradiation were retained in the vacuum packaging bag during storage. Although the odor preference for the three meat types of pork was not different, the panelists could distinguish irradiated meat from the non-irradiated. Industrial relevance: Several US meat companies have already started test-marketing irradiated meat products. Irradiation and the subsequent storage of pork improved the color of PSE and DFD pork, and showed generally similar effects on the production of volatiles, except that there appeared to be a lower level of S-volatiles in the PSE than in the other two samples. This indicated that irradiation can increase the utilization of low-quality pork (PSE and DFD). DFD pork, in particular, which has shorter shelf-life than the others, could benefit the most from irradiation because the shelf-life of DFD meat can be extended significantly by both the methods of vacuum packaging and irradiation.     

Quality characteristics of pork patties irradiated and stored in different packaging and storage conditions

Patties were made from pork loin, individually vacuum- or aerobic-packaged and stored either at 4 or -40°C. Refrigerated patties were irradiated at 0, 1.5, 3.0 or 4.5 kGy absorbed dose, and frozen ones were irradiated at 0, 2.5, 5.0, or 7.5 kGy. Samples were analyzed for lipid oxidation, volatile production and odor characteristics. Refrigerated samples were analyzed at 0, 1 and 2 weeks, and frozen ones after 0, 1.5 and 3 months of storage. With vacuum packaging, the lipid oxidation (TBARS) of both refrigerated and frozen patties was not influenced by irradiation and storage time except for the patties irradiated and refrigerated at 7.5 kGy. With refrigerated storage, panelists could detect irradiation odor at day 0, but not after 1 week at 4°C. With frozen storage, however, irradiation odor was detected even after 3 months of storage. With aerobic packaging, the TBARS of refrigerated pork patties increased with storage time. The TBARS of pork patties increased as irradiation dose increased at day 0, but the effect disappeared after 1 week at 4°C. Nonirradiated patties were preferred to the irradiated ones at day 0 because of the significant irradiation odor in the irradiated ones, but the off-odor disappeared after 1 week at 4°C. With frozen storage, patties irradiated at 7.5 kGy had higher TBARS than those irradiated at lower doses. Nonirradiated patties had higher preference scores than the irradiated ones for 1.5 months in frozen storage. Sulfur-containing compounds were responsible for most of the irradiation off-odor, but these volatilized quickly during storage under aerobic conditions. Overall, vacuum packaging was better than aerobic packaging for irradiation and subsequent storage of meat because it minimized oxidative changes in patties and produced minimal amounts of volatile compounds that might be responsible for irradiation off-odor during storage.     

Volatile production in irradiated normal, pale soft exudative (PSE) and dark firm dry (DFD) pork under different packaging and storage conditions

Normal, pale soft exudative (PSE) and dark firm dry (DFD) pork Longissimus dorsi muscles were vacuum packaged, irradiated at 0 or 4.5 kGy and stored at 4°C for 10 days. Volatile production from pork loins was determined at Day 0 and Day 10 of storage at 4°C. With both aerobic and vacuum packaging, irradiation increased the production of sulfur-containing volatiles (carbon disulfide, mercaptomethane, dimethyl sulfide, methyl thioacetate and dimethyl disulfide) in all three pork conditions at Day 0 but did not increase hexanal – the major indicator volatile of lipid oxidation. The PSE pork produced the lowest amount of total sulfur-containing volatiles in both aerobically and vacuum-packaged pork at Day 0. The majority of sulfur-containing volatiles produced in meat by irradiation disappeared during the 10-day storage period under aerobic packaging conditions. With vacuum packaging, however, all the volatiles produced by irradiation remained in the packaging bag during storage. Irradiation had no relationship with lipid oxidation-related volatiles (e.g. hexanal) in both aerobic and vacuum-packaged raw pork. The DFD muscle was very stable and resistant to oxidative changes in both irradiated and nonirradiated pork during storage, suggesting that irradiation can significantly increase the utilization of raw DFD pork and greatly benefit the pork industry.     

不同剂量电子束辐照对花鲈鱼肉风味的影响

采用1、3、5、7 kGy剂量电子束辐照处理花鲈鱼肉,以挥发性风味物质、游离氨基酸和呈味核苷酸含量为指标,探究辐照剂量对花鲈鱼肉风味的影响。随辐照剂量上升,花鲈鱼肉中的烃类物质相对含量呈下降趋势,醛、酮类物质相对含量上升;电子鼻检测结果显示,辐照后各剂量组气味有明显区别,但1 kGy和3 kGy组、5 kGy和7 kGy组花鲈鱼肉的气味相对接近;随辐照剂量的增加,鱼肉肌苷酸含量不断上升,呈愉快味游离氨基酸/总游离氨基酸、鸟苷酸含量和味精当量值均呈先上升后下降的趋势,并于3 kGy时达到最大值。结合电子束辐照对花鲈鱼肉的保鲜效果,选用3 kGy剂量对花鲈鱼肉进行前处理,在杀菌的同时能最大程度保留鱼肉的良好风味,实验结果可为辐照保鲜花鲈鱼肉提供依据。     

电子束辐照对蟹肉嗅感及其关键气味物质的影响

为分析电子束辐照对蟹肉嗅感的影响及利用电子束辐照技术消减蟹肉过敏性提供依据。研究1、3、5、7、9?kGy电子束辐照对细点圆趾蟹蟹肉感官、挥发性风味及相对气味活度值的影响。结果发现,辐照后蟹肉嗅感有一定变化,感官评分随辐照剂量的增加而有所降低;电子鼻分析结果显示,1、3、5?kGy组蟹肉的嗅感变化不显著,7、9?kGy组蟹肉的嗅感变化显著;经1、3、5、7、9?kGy剂量辐照,通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪鉴定到的蟹肉挥发性风味成分的种数由对照组的55?种分别增至60、57、62、60?种和58?种,但辐照对蟹肉中起关键和有修饰作用的气味物质的种类基本没有影响。总之,经5?kGy及以下剂量辐照,蟹肉能较好地保持其原有嗅感,7?kGy和9?kGy辐照会导致轻微异味的产生。     

电子束辐照对松花粉脂质氧化及其品质的影响

以原松花粉为试材,研究电子束辐照对其杀菌效果、脂肪酶活力、脂质氧化性能和营养品质的影响,并分析了破壁松花粉在加速氧化过程中色泽、过氧化值和挥发性成分的变化。结果表明,电子束辐照可显著降低松花粉中微生物含量,且辐照剂量越大,杀菌效果越显著;菌落总数、霉菌酵母数和大肠菌群的D10值分别为2.20、1.95和1.84 kGy;随着辐照剂量的增加,松花粉中脂肪酶活力、类胡萝卜素含量和游离脂肪酸含量显著降低,过氧化值略有升高但总体仍处于较低水平,当辐照剂量为8 kGy时,脂肪酶灭活率为53.52%,类胡萝卜素保留率为60.81%,游离脂肪酸含量为1.38 mg/kg,过氧化值为0.46 meq/kg;此外,8 kGy剂量辐照对松花粉的基本营养成分及氨基酸含量无明显影响,在加速氧化过程中,破壁松花粉的色泽无明显变化,过氧化值、己醛和己酸含量增幅不大。表明8 kGy电子束辐照对松花粉营养品质影响不大,并能有效杀灭微生物,抑制脂质氧化,提高产品储藏稳定性。