“新工科”背景下冶金工程专业实践创新教育体系构建与实施

“新工科”对冶金工程专业人才培养提出了新的要求，要求学生有创新意识、创新能力，特别是解决实际问题的实践创新能力，提升工程实践和创新创业能力是专业教育的重中之重。对冶金工程专业实验环节教育教学进行分析，深化产学研创新发展，搭建创新人才培养的“基础实践-工程实践-创新实践”实践教学平台，形成三者融合协同发展的实践教学模式。     

基于“安全、绿色、友好”的高校冶金工程实验室科学管理探索

冶金工程实验室是培养本专业学生工程能力和科研创新能力的重要平台。基于冶金工程专业实验室高温设备居多、原材料种类繁多、实验程序复杂的特点,制定了科学、合理的冶金工程专业实验室日常管理方法,提出了安全教育落实到位、安全环保实施准备到位、预防为主、责任制度清晰、管理与监督体系完善、消除安全隐患、做好应急措施以及营造安全、环保、友好的实验环境的实验室建设方案,以助力冶金专业学生工程实践能力和科研创新能力的培养,促进其高质量就业。     

冶金原理课程教学中注重对学生能力培养的探讨

从应用型本科冶金工程专业的教育特征出发。对冶金原理课程教学中注重对学生的学习能力、实践能力和创新能力培养进行了探讨,提出了在课程内容、教学方法、实践教学环节中注重能力培养的途径和方法,在此基础上促进学生创新、创业能力的发展。     

冶金工程本科生实践与创新能力培养模式构建

根据对冶金专业高层次人才的需求,针对冶金类本科教学在培养学生创新能力方面的不足,阐述了教学过程中构建"全程贯穿"的工程实践与创新能力培养模式,改革实验教学、校内外实习、教学与实践相结合的教育体系;发挥校企间深度合作的优势,建设稳定的校内外实践基地,组建实践经验丰富的校企联合教学团队,切实提高了冶金专业本科生工程实践能力及创新能力。     

校企协同机制下现场教学法在冶金专业课程教学中的应用

在铁水预处理专业特色课程中引入现场教学方法。通过建立企业现场教学基地,构建校企联合教学团队,企业现场教学与实践等环节,进行校企协同育人机制下课程内实践教学改革,强化学生工程能力和创新能力,培养高素质、高层次冶金人才,为冶金工程专业课程改革乃至整个工科专业"卓越工程师培养"提供借鉴。     

本科学生的专业基础课教学与生产实践活动

从本科生的生产实践教学和专业基础课教学两个方面论述了两者对冶金工程专业学生掌握专业知识和从事冶金行业工作能力的作用,强调二者的紧密结合更加有利于培养面向新世纪、面向冶金行业,具有创新精神和创新能力的优秀毕业生。     

“一中心,三结合” 创新人才培养模式提高冶金工程专业大学生科技创新能力的研究与实践

本文针对冶金工程专业的大学生科技创新能力不足的难题,提出了以培养学生为中心,采用实验教学与科研项目相结合,课内教学与远程教学相结合,毕业设计与大学生创新创业训练计划项目相结合的“一中心,三结合”的冶金工程创新人才培养方案,并逐步形成具有特色的自主创新实践人才培养模式.实践表明OCTC模式对于激发学生的学习兴趣、建立学生的自信心、提高学生的创新实践能力,有着非常深远的意义.     

冶金工程专业卓越工程师创新能力培养

结合冶金工程专业卓越工程师人才培养目标,从课程体系、实验教学、实习、毕业设计等教学环节提出改革措施,多渠道、全方位强化实践教学,改进教学效果,注重创新意识和能力的培养,为将学生培养成具有较强工程应用能力和科技创新能力的高素质冶金工程专业人才奠定基础。     

开展综合实验实施研究性教学

实验是高等院校本科生培养的重要环节,在提高学生实践能力、创新精神和综合素质方面起到重要作用。东北大学材料成型及控制工程专业在"材料组织性能控制"综合实验的教学改革过程中,就实验教学内容、教学方法和考核3个方面进行了探讨。将综合实验与专业课教学相结合,实施研究性教学,培养了材料成型及控制工程专业学生的科研素养和实践能力,提高了创新能力。     

CDIO教育理念下测控技术课程体系建设

为进一步完善测控技术专业的"卓越工程师人才培养"模式,基于CDIO高等工程教育理念,构建了具有冶金特色的测控技术课程体系。即以培养学生工程应用能力为核心,以理论教学与工程实践为主线,以课程基础性演示实验、过程综合性实践和冶金工业项目设计构成实践教学体系,形成具有冶金行业背景的以工程实践能力和创新能力培养为焦点的测控技术专业特色。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.