Mg-2Nd合金的组织与力学性能

在铸钢坩锅中熔炼制备了Mg-2Nd二元镁合金,试样经不同热处理工艺处理后,测试合金的室温拉伸性能,采用光学显微镜（OM）、扫描电镜（SEM）及透射电镜（TEM）观察合金的显微组织,通过X射线衍射法（XRD）和能谱分析（XEDS）及选区电子衍射花样进行合金中的物相鉴别和微观成分分析。结果表明：Mg-2Nd合金的铸态组织由α-Mg基体和呈离异共晶形貌的Mg12Nd相组成;热挤压后,Mg12Nd相沿挤压方向呈纤维或颗粒状分布;挤压过程中发生动态再结晶,合金的抗拉强度（σb）由铸态的148.8 MPa提高到挤压态的210.2 MPa,伸长率（δ）由铸态的2.8%提高到挤压态的19.9%;热挤压和热轧成形的Mg-2Nd合金,直接时效T5（extruded、rolled）处理能产生形变强化和时效硬化双重作用,其中T5（rolled）态合金σb高达276.4 MPa,δ较热轧态提高了64%;T5（rolled）态组织中出现了β′和β沉淀,尺度均在50 nm左右,对合金产生了明显的时效强化作用。     

Microstructures and mechanical properties of Mg-2%Zn-0.4%RE alloys

The solidification microstructures and hardness of Mg-2%Zn (mass fraction) based alloys with addition of 0.4%Ce, 0.4%Gd, 0.4%Y or 0.4%Nd (mass fraction) were investigated, and the effects of the rare earth elements on the microstructures and mechanical properties of these alloys extruded at 310℃ were also compared. The results indicate that the trace rare earth Ce, Gd, Y or Nd in the Mg-2%Zn alloy has obviously different grain refinement effects on its solidification microstructures, and the as-cast and hot-extruded alloy with 0.4%Ce has the smallest average grain size and the highest strength. However, the extruded alloys containing 0.4%Nd or 0.4%Y with the elongation of 26.6% and 30%, respectively, show higher plasticity in spite of lower strength as compared with the alloy containing 0.4%Ce.     

Mg-15Gd-0.6Zr合金的组织与力学性能

通过在Mg-Gd二元合金中添加少量的Zr后制备一种新型的Mg-15Gd-0．6Zr合金，并对合金的微观组织、时效特性和不同温度下的力学性能及拉伸断裂方式进行研究。合金在非平衡凝固过程中容易形成MgxGd（x=2，3，5）相，但用热处理的方法几乎不可能消除。在合金的Cast-T5、Cast-T6、Ext-T5和Ext—T6的4种时效状态中，Ext—T5态达到峰值硬度的时间最短，峰值硬度值最高；而Cast-T5态的则相反。合金具有较高的耐热强度和延伸率，其在不同温度下的抗拉强度与WE54的相当，而延伸率明显优于WE54及其它耐热镁合金的。合金在25℃时的断裂方式以准解理断裂为主，而250℃时的断裂方式以微孔聚集型断裂为主，300℃和350℃时的断裂方式以典型的微孔聚集型断裂为主。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of extruded Mg-6.5Gd-1.3Nd-0.7Y-0.3Zn alloy

The Mg-6.5Gd-1.3Nd-0.7Y-0.3Zn alloy ingot and sheet were prepared by casting and hot extrusion techniques,and the microstructure,age hardening behavior and mechanical properties were investigated.The results show that the as-cast alloy mainly containsα-Mg solid solution and compounds of Mg5RE and Mg24RE5(RE=Gd,Y and Nd)phases.The grain size is refined after hot extrusion,and the Mg5RE and Mg24RE5 compounds are broken during the extrusion process.The extruded alloy exhibits remarkable age hardening response and excellent mechanical properties in the peak-aging state.The ultimate tensile strength,yield strength and elongation are 310 MPa,201 MPa and 5.8%at room temperature,and 173 MPa,133 MPa and 25.0%at 300℃,respectively.     

Mg-9Gd-4Y-0.6Mn合金的微观组织与力学性能

通过热分析、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜等手段分析了Mg-9Gd-4Y-0.6Mn合金的微观组织,并在室温到400℃的温度区间进行力学拉伸试验.结果表明合金在400℃时产生的超塑性现象,伸长率达266%,拉伸过程中出现动态再结晶协调晶界滑移的超塑性变形机制;在凝固过程中合金易偏析形成Mg3X(X为Gd和Y)相,Mg3X相用固溶处理的方法难以消除;在Cast-T5、Cast-T6、Rolled-T5和Rolled-T6的四种热处理状态中,Rolled-TS态的硬度最高,达121HV10;沿棱柱面析出的高密度板状析出相能有效地阻碍镁基面上的位错滑移,这是合金强化和耐热的主要原因.     

Microstructures and mechanical properties of the extruded Mg-4Y-2Gd-xZn-0.4Zr alloys

Microstructures and mechanical properties of the Mg-4Y-2Gd-0.4Zr alloy with Zn additions have been investigated. The investigation suggests that the mechanical properties of the alloys have been greatly improved after hot extrusion due to the refinement of microstructures, especially the elongations. The extruded Mg-4Y-2Gd-1.0Zn-0.4Zr alloy displays excellent tensile properties. The ultimate tensile strength and the yield tensile strength are 291 and 228 MPa, respectively, with an elongation of 28%. The additions of Zn have an obvious effect on refining microstructure of the extruded alloys, and the vicker hardness increases with increasing Zn additions. The age hardening responses of the extruded alloys have been investigated at 220 °C. These alloys display unobvious ageing hardness responses.     

挤压Mg-6xZn-xY合金微观组织与力学性能

定量研究了大挤压比(81:1)条件下Mg-6xZn-xY合金的微观组织和力学性能。结果表明:随着Zn、Y含量的增加,准晶相含量逐渐增加,α-Mg基体平均晶粒尺寸先减小后增大,Mg-6Zn-1Y合金中的α-Mg平均晶粒尺寸最小为2.9μm,且尺寸分布最均匀,其标准差也达到最小,为0.77μm。随着Zn、Y含量的增加,Mg-Zn-Y合金的屈服强度和抗拉强度逐渐增大,延伸率逐渐降低。相比于α-Mg基体晶粒细化,细小准晶相含量的增加对提高Mg-6xZn-xY合金强度的作用更明显。     

Microstructure characterization and mechanical properties of Mg-9Li-5Al-1Zn-0.6RE alloy

Mg-9Li-5Al-1Zn-0.6RE alloy was prepared by vacuum induction heating. The microstructure and phases composition of the alloy were analyzed with optical microscope, scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffractometer. Then the effect of homogenization temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy was studied. The hardness of samples under different homogenization temperatures was measured. The results show that, the alloy is composed of a phase, β phase, Mg17Al12 and AlLi. RE added into the alloy is solved in a phase and β phase completely. After homogenization heat treatment, the needle-like a phase disappears. With the increase of homogenization temperature, the shape of a phase is spherical-like first, then vennicular-like, and large block-like finally. The variation of the shape of a phase causes the hardness of sample to change accordingly. The most favorable homogenization temperature for microstructure and mechanical properties is 150 ℃.     

挤压Mg-8.5Gd-2.3Y-1.8Ag-0.4Zr合金的显微组织与力学性能(英文)

研究铸态和挤压态Mg-8.5Gd-2.3Y-1.8Ag-0.4Zr合金的显微组织、时效强化和力学性能。铸锭在T4处理后分别于400、450和500°C进行挤压,挤压比为10:1。在细晶强化和析出强化的共同作用下,于400°C挤压的样品经T5处理后可以得到最优的力学性能,所得的晶粒尺寸约为5.0μm,其初始和峰值硬度分别为HV109和HV129。室温下的拉伸屈服强度、抗拉强度和伸长率分别达到391MPa、430MPa和5.2%。     

挤压态ZM61-Sn合金的显微组织及高温力学性能

利用金相显微镜(OM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和高温拉伸对挤压态ZM61-xSn(x=2, 4, 8 wt. %)合金的显微组织,高温力学性能和断裂机制进行了研究。结果表明添加Sn 元素可有效细化合金组织且细化效果随Sn 含量的增加而增强。挤压态ZM61-xSn(x=2, 4, 8 wt. %)合金的平均晶粒尺寸分别为11, 8和4 μm。随 Sn 含量的增加,合金的力学性能先升高后降低。 在所有的实验合金中ZM61-4Sn合金的强度最高,当在180 ℃下进行拉伸实验时,其极限抗拉强度和屈服强度分别为216和173 MPa。合金的延伸率随Sn 含量的增加而增加,当拉伸温度为300 ℃时,ZM61-xSn(x=2, 4, 8wt. %)合金的延伸率分别为183.8%, 235.8% 和258.6%。ZM61-4Sn合金具有最好的强度和塑性的结合。试样最后的断裂主要由局部缩颈引起以及试样的主要断裂机制为显微孔洞的聚集。当在260和300 ℃下拉伸时,合金发生了不完全的动态再结晶。     

Mg-9Gd-4Y-0.6Zr合金挤压T5态的高温组织与力学性能

研究了Mg-9Gd-4Y-0.6Zr合金挤压T5态在250~400℃之间的高温组织与力学性能。结果表明:该合金具有非常优异的高温力学性能,其力学性能明显优于WE54;该合金在250、300、350和400℃时的抗拉伸强度分别为348、262、150和62 MPa;该合金在400℃拉伸时还具有粗晶超塑性,晶界上有再结晶的细晶,晶内有大量孪晶同时共存。     

Effects of heat treatment on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Mg-6Zn-1.4Y-0.6Zr alloy

To investigate the effects of solution temperature and the decomposition of I-phase on the microstructure, phase composition and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-6Zn-1.4Y-0.6Zr alloy, solution treatment at 440 oC, 460 oC and 480 oC and further aging treatment were conducted on the alloy. The results indicate that the net-like intermetallic compounds(mainly I-phase) dissolve into the α-Mg matrix gradually with the increase of solution temperature from 440 oC to 480 oC. Besides, the I-phase decomposes completely at 480 oC, with the formation of fine W-phase(thermal stable phase) and Mg_7Zn_3 phase. In addition, a great number of fine and dispersive Mg-Zn binary phases precipitate in the α-Mg matrix during the aging treatment. Due to the increase of solute atoms and the precipitation of strengthening phases, such as W-phase and Mg-Zn phases, the optimal strength is obtained after solution treatment at 460 oC for 8 h and aged at 200 oC for 16 h. The yield strength(YS), ultimate tensile strength(UTS) and elongation are 208 MPa, 257 MPa and 3.8%, respectively. Compared with the as-cast alloy, the increments of YS and UTS are 117% and 58%, respectively, while the decrement of elongation is 46%.     

Microstructures and mechanical properties of extruded Mg-1Mn-3.5Y and Mg-1Mn-1Y-2.5Nd alloys

Both Mg-1Mn-3.5Y and Mg-1Mn-1Y-2.5Nd alloys(mass fraction,%)were extruded at 380℃.Most of the(10 10) crystal planes in the Mg-1Mn-3.5Y alloy are parallel to the normal direction,while most of the(10 11)crystal planes in the Mg-1Mn-1Y-2.5Nd alloy are parallel to the normal direction.The tensile tests at room temperature,100℃ and 200℃ show that the Mg-1Mn-3.5Y alloy exhibits higher yield strength,but lower elongation to failure as compared with the Mg-1Mn-1Y-2.5Nd alloy. These differences in the tensile mechanical properties between the two alloys are mainly attributed to their different texture types and amount and distribution of the Mg24Y5 precipitates.The serration flow behavior is observed in the Mg-1Mn-1Y-2.5Nd alloy at 200℃,but does not occur in the Mg-1Mn-3.5Y alloy.The Mg-1Mn-3.5Y alloy shows the cleavage fracture mode,while the Mg-1Mn-1Y-2.5Nd alloy exhibits the dimple fracture mode.     

Sm对挤压Mg-6Al-1.0Ca-0.5Mn镁合金微观组织及力学性能的影响

制备了Mg-6Al-1.0Ca-0.5Mn-x Sm(x=0.5,1.5,4.5,质量分数,%)合金,研究了合金的显微组织和力学性能。实验结果表明,随着Sm质量分数的增加,Al_2Sm相主要在晶内析出且体积分数增加,相反Mg_(17)Al_(12)相的体积分数降低;挤压后合金发生动态再结晶,晶粒细化。在室温条件下,含1.5%Sm合金显示了最佳的力学性能,其极限抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为316 MPa,148 MPa和21.3%。该合金优异的力学性能主要是由于晶粒细化、Al_2Sm颗粒的弥散强化和减少Mg_(17)Al_(12)相的析出。     

钆对Mg-8Li-4Zn-xGd合金铸态组织与力学性能的影响

采用锂盐熔剂保护熔铸Mg-8Li-4Zn-xGd(x=1,3,5)合金铸锭,研究钆含量对铸态合金组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:Mg-8Li-4Zn-xGd合金基体由α-Mg(HCP)和β-Li(BCC)双相构成。随着钆含量的增加,Mg₅Gd共晶相和Zn₁₂Gd化合物相逐渐连成网状,将基体α+β双相隔离成20～40μm的等轴状或类似于铸铁中的共晶团状,可有效细化α-Mg相和连续的β-Li相;组织中大颗粒Mg₂Zn₁₁相弥散分布在β-Li相内,Mg₅₁Zn₂₀相分布在α-Mg晶界处;锌元素还可以在β-Li相中析出细小弥散分布的MgZn相,其数量随钆含量的增加而增加,可直接弥散强化β-Li相。此外,锌和钆对合金硬度的影响较大,随着钆含量的增加,合金的抗拉强度提高,但伸长率降低。     

Effects of Sm addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of a Mg-10Y alloy简

To further increase the mechanical properties, 0.5wt.% Sm was introduced to a Mg-10Y alloy in this study. The effects of Sm addition on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the Mg-10Y alloy, especially the aged Mg-10Y alloy, were investigated. The microstructure observation and tensile tests were performed by using an optical microscopy, a scanning electron microscopy and a universal material testing machine, respectively. The phase analysis was performed using X-ray diffractometer. The results show that the 0.5wt.% Sm addition can not only promote the formation of fine and dispersed Mg24Y5 phases, but also improve their morphology and distribution; it also increases the thermal stability of Mg24Y5 phases. Sm addition is seen to increase the ultimate tensile strength of Mg-10Y alloy at elevated temperatures(200, 250, 300 and 350 ℃), while decrease the elongation. But the elongation is still up to 7.5% even at 350 ℃. In the range of 250 ℃ to 300℃, the ultimate tensile strength of the alloy reaches its maximum(with a range average of 235 MPa) and is not sensitive to the temperature change, which is very useful to the application of heat-resistant magnesium alloys. Even at 350 ℃, the ultimate tensile strength of Mg-10Y-0.5Sm is still up to 155 MPa. Considering both of the ultimate tensile strength and elongation, the maximum application temperature of the Mg-10Y-0.5Sm alloy can be up to 300 ℃. The strengthening mechanisms of Mg-10Y-0.5Sm alloy are mainly attributed to dispersion strengthening of Mg24Y5 phase particles with a certain solubility of Sm and grain refinement strengthening of α-Mg matrix.     

快速凝固对微量Y添加Mg-4Al-2Zn合金显微组织,压缩性能及腐蚀行为的研究

本文通过常规铸造与快速凝固法成功制得两类Mg-4Al-2Zn-xY(AZ42,x: 0.5, 1.0 wt.%)镁合金,并系统研究了快速凝固对微量Y添加后AZ42合金组织和性能的影响。研究结果表明,快速凝固工艺较传统铸造相比可显著细化AZ42合金的微观组织并提高合金的力学性能和耐腐蚀特性。AZ42合金加入Y元素后组织主要由α-Mg基体、β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂相和Al₂Y相构成。此外,微量Y添加可显著细化AZ42合金的组织并改善网状β相分布,从而提高合金的力学与耐腐蚀性能;其中,当Y添加量为0.5%时可获得最佳综合性能。     

Mg-Al-Sm系耐热镁合金的显微组织和力学性能(英文)

分析铸态和压铸态Mg-6.02Al-1.03Sm、Mg-6.05Al-0.98Sm-0.56Bi和Mg-5.95Al-1.01Sm-0.57Zn合金的显微组织和相组成,测试其拉伸力学性能与流动性能。结果表明,Mg-6.02Al-1.03Sm合金铸态组织由δ-Mg基体、半连续的δ-Mg17Al12相和高热稳定性的小块状Al2Sm相组成。添加Bi后生成杆状Mg3Bi2相,而添加的Zn固溶于δ-Mg基体和δ-Mg17Al12相中。铸态合金呈现优异的拉伸力学性能,室温时其抗拉强度(δb)和伸长率(δ)分别达到205~235 MPa和8.5%~16.0%,而423 K时分别超过160 MPa和14.0%。压铸态组织明显细化,第二相发生破碎,且弥散分布。压铸态合金呈现更高的拉伸力学性能和优异的流动性能,室温δb和δ分别达到240~285 MPa和8.5%~16.5%,流动长度可达1870~2420 mm。压铸态室温拉伸断口呈现明显的断裂特征。     

Influence of solidification conditions on mechanical properties of Mg-10Gd-3Y-0.5Zr magnesium alloy

Mg-10Gd-3Y-0.5Zr alloy was cast in a step-like mould with five different cooling rates. The as-cast microstructures of the different steps were examined with optical microscope（OM） and scanning electron microscope（SEM）. The room temperature mechanical properties were examined by tensile test. The results show that the microstructures are refined and the second phase particles are distributed much uniformly with the increase of cooling rate. The increase of yield strength, ultimate strength and elongation can be ascribed mainly to the strengthening effect of fine grains. The relationship between grain size and yield strength/hardness agrees with the Hall-Petch behavior.     

Microstructures and mechanical properties of cold rolled Mg-8Li and Mg-8Li-2Al-2RE alloys

The microstructures and mechanical properties of Mg-8Li and Mg-8Li-2Al-2RE alloy sheets were evaluated after cold rolling.Both alloys contain α-phase and β-phase which consists of a solid solution of Mg in BCC Li.The proportion ofβ-phase in both alloys is approximately 60%.Theα-phase andβ-phase are elongated approximately parallel to the rolling direction and there is no sign of recrystallization even after being annealed at 200℃for 1 h.The yield strength of Mg-8Li-2Al-2RE sheets is about 165 MPa with elongation of 35%along rolling direction,while the yield strength is about 187 MPa with elongation of 21%along the direction titled 45ü to rolling direction.Theα-phase in both alloys exhibits basal texture,and the intensity of basal texture in Mg-8Li is larger than that in Mg-8Li-2Al-2RE.However,theβ-phase shows(100)texture,and the intensity of(100)texture in Mg-8Li is twice of that in Mg-8Li-2Al-2RE.It could be attributed to the existence of RE-containing particles in Mg-8Li-2Al-2RE.