卫星终端分布式相控阵天线时延估计方案

针对卫星终端分布式相控阵天线系统的传统时延估计方案存在的问题,研究了基于合成信号的多路时延估计方案,设计了简化方案的动态调整策略,仿真结果表明该方案能够有效地提升时延估计的性能,算法复杂度较低,同时添加动态策略的时延估计简化方案能较好地减小系统误差。     

基于循环平稳性的约束自适应多径时延估计

在有多径信号、多通道非平稳干扰信号以及平稳背景噪声的情况下,不考虑多径信号传输的时延估计方法不能准确地估计时延,甚至估计性能会恶化.为此,本文提出了基于循环平稳性的约束自适应多径时延估计算法,并对算法的收敛性能进行了分析.该算法可以有效地抑制干扰和噪声的影响,在低信噪比的情况下直接地、准确地进行自适应多径时延估计,特别对噪声是空间相关的情形也适用,克服了传统算法不能直接估计非整数倍采样间隔的时延和多径时延的缺点.计算机仿真试验验证了新方法的有效性.     

一种基于四阶累积量的约束自适应多径时延估计

在存在多径信号和空间相关性未知的背景高斯噪声情况下,不考虑多径信号传输的传统时延估计方法的性能会受到影响,甚至恶化。针对此问题,提出了一种基于四阶累积量的约束自适应多径时延估计算法,并对该算法的多径时延估计性能进行了收敛性能分析。该算法能够有效抑制空间相关性未知噪声的影响,在低信噪比的情况下能够直接、准确地进行自适应多径时延估计,克服了传统算法不能直接估计非整数倍采样间隔时延的缺点。计算机仿真试验验证了新算法的有效性。     

ET功放的自适应时延估计算法研究

为了保证包络跟踪(ET)功放的性能,需要实现射频支路和包络支路信号的严格同步。基于仿真分析恒定增益下功放输入信号功率与漏极电压间的关系,设计了一种基于时延失真方差的自适应时延估计算法,并通过仿真验证分析了算法性能。仿真结果表明,通过设计合适的迭代时延向量,算法能够实现对ET功放支路时延差的准确估计。     

改进SSMUSIC超分辨多径时延估计算法

传统的MUSIC超分辨时延估计技术是直接基于测量数据,其性能往往只对宽带且频谱近似平坦的信号较优,而对窄带信号估计性能较差。针对上述问题,本文通过利用谐波频率估计模型和DOA (Direction of Arrival)估计模型之间的等价性,将时延估计问题转化为谐波频率估计问题,提出了一种改进SSMUSIC(Signal Subspace Scaled Multiple Signal Classification)超分辨多径时延估计算法。改进后的算法采用平滑的思想和SSMUSIC算法的思想构造协方差矩阵和MUSIC谱,实现了对多径时延的超分辨估计。仿真表明,该算法能够实现对窄带信号多径时延超分辨估计且具有DP(Direct-Path)不模糊和谱峰陡峭的特点,估计性能优于传统的超分辨算法。      

一种基于LMS自适应滤波的互相关时延估计优化算法

在多站时差定位系统中使用基于LMS自适应滤波的互相关法进行时延估计时,若采用固定步长因子则会在收敛速度和稳态失调之间存在较大矛盾,从而影响时延估计精度。针对这一问题,文中提出了一种基于分段变步长LMS自适应滤波和希尔伯特差值的互相关时延估计优化算法。该方法首先采用分段变步长LMS自适应滤波对信号进行滤波处理,然后将滤波后的信号作互相关运算,最后通过希尔伯特差值法锐化相关函数的峰值,进一步提高时延估计精度。在相同条件下,文中模拟分析了不同算法的时延估计精度。实验结果表明,新的优化算法时延估计精度更高。在不同信噪比下,新方法相较传统时延估计方法精度提高了2.2%以上,具有良好的抗噪声性能。     

基于循环互相关包络的复调频信号时延估计方法及性能分析

本文研究了复线性调频信号的时延估计问题,提出了基于信号循环互相关包络的时延估计算法,详细推导了时延估计误差的均值和方差表达式,并分析了其估计性能.最后采用计算机仿真得到了估计性能的曲线,仿真实验验证了文中的结论.     

基于信号循环平稳性的多径时延估计

本文提出了一种基于信号循环平稳性的多径时延估计算法将高分辨的已知信号多径时延估计方法一WRELAX算法,改造应用于观测信号的循环相关输出.一方面通过循环相关实现对噪声和干扰有效抑制,另一方面又使算法具备对多径时延的处理处理.仿真实验结果及分析证实了算法的有效性.     

基于M估计变步长自适应仿射投影算法的稳健时延估计

该文提出了一种基于M估计变步长自适应仿射投影方法的稳健时延估计(TDE)算法。该算法将自适应仿射投影算法应用于时延估计,无须事先假定信号和噪声的统计特性,自适应调整自身参数;应用稳健M估计理论,抵消重尾噪声干扰。数值仿真表明,在高斯噪声、非高斯噪声甚至冲激噪声的干扰下,该文算法比高阶统计量法和最小均方自适应法有更强的稳健性和更高的估计精度。     

基于变步长LMS自适应时延估计算法

介绍一种基于均方误差的变步长自适应时延估计算法,通过建立步长因子μ（k）与误差信号e（k）之间的非线性函数关系,实现了时间延迟的快速估计。仿真结果表明,该算法具有运算简单,时延估计准确,收敛速度快和抗干扰能力强等优点。     

A new time delay estimator based on ETDE

In this paper, we address the problem of online subsample time delay estimation of narrowband signals of known center frequency. We propose a new so-called mixed modulated Lagrange explicit time delay estimation (MMLETDE) algorithm and study its performance through computer simulations. The MMLETDE is a modulated Lagrange ETDE, but the delay estimate adaptation process is based on the truncated sinc fractional delay filter algorithm. We provide theoretical derivations for our proposed estimator, a proof of its convergence performance, learning characteristics of its error performance surface, and an expression for its delay variance. Using simulations, we show that MMLETDE requires only a small filter order and has no noticeable estimation bias over a wide frequency range.     

基于特征值分解的随机分布传感器信号合成增强

将传感网中随机布设传感器节点所接收到的微弱信号进行合成,可有效增强传感器网络的信号感知能力.本文关注的是该微弱信号的合成权值估计问题.以合成信号的自相关系数作为目标函数,本文提出了一种基于特征值分解的合成权值估计算法.该算法无需估计噪声相关矩阵,适用于噪声方差不一致的环境.数值仿真结果显示,本文提出的基于自相关系数的特征值分解合成权值估计算法,在低信噪比、噪声方差不等的条件下,性能优于以合成信号信噪比或者合成信号功率为目标函数的特征值分解合成权值估计算法.     

估值合成的时延对准算法

时延对准问题一直是多天线信号合成系统中的一个重要问题,为了解决在低信噪比条件下时延对准性能差的问题,提出了一种基于估值合成的时延对准算法。该算法以各路信号时延的加权和作为固定参考中心,利用两两时差之间的相关性,对两两时差估计值进行加权合并,有效提高了时延对准性能。并从理论上分析了该算法的性能,理论分析及仿真实验均表明,随着天线数目的增加,算法性能逐渐提高,且在低信噪比条件下提升尤为明显。另外,本文提出算法的时延性能优于基于准合成参考的时延对准算法。      

Adaptive TDOA estimation in presence of impulsive noise

A fractional lower-order, moment-based adaptive algorithm for estimating the time difference of arrival between signals received at two spatially separated sensors in the presence of impulsive noise modelled as a stable process is proposed. The method is computationally efficient and is a generalisation of the simplified explicit time delay estimator. Convergence of the algorithm is analysed and simulation results are included to evaluate its estimation performance for both static and nonstationary delays     

Adaptive estimation of latency changes in evoked potentials

Changes in latency of evoked potentials (EP) may indicate clinically and diagnostically important changes in the status of the nervous system. A low signal-to-noise ratio of the EP signal makes it difficult to estimate small, transient, time-varying changes in latency, or delays. Here, the authors present an adaptive algorithm that estimates small delay (latency change) values even when EP signal amplitudes are time-varying. When the delay is time invariant, the adaptive algorithm produces an unbiased estimate with delay estimation error less than half of the sampling interval. A lower estimation error variance is obtained when, in a pair of signals, the adaptive algorithm delays the signal with the higher SNR. The adaptive delay estimation algorithm was tested on intra-operative recordings of somatosensory EP, and analysis of those recordings reveals that the anesthetic etomidate produces a step change in the amplitude and latency of the EP signals     

Fast algorithm for nonstationary delay estimation

A computationally efficient algorithm for estimating time delay between signals received at two spatially separated sensors is proposed. The delay estimate is adapted directly to maximise the mean product of the first sensor output and the filtered output of the second received signal. The convergence behaviour and variance of the delay estimate are derived. It is shown that the proposed algorithm outperforms the explicit time delay estimator at a low signal-to-noise ratio     

基于多通道数据融合的跳频信号频率跳变时刻估计算法

针对低信噪比条件下宽带高速跳频信号的参数估计问题,提出一种多通道数据融合跳频信号频率跳变时刻估计算法。该算法利用无盲区数字信道化预处理实现宽带跳频信号的全概率、全盲接收,通过数据融合得到一路包含全部频率跳变信息的参考信号,并利用该参考信号进行最大似然估计得到频率跳变时刻精确估计值。给出了所提出跳变时刻估计算法的Cramer-Rao下界并进行实验仿真。理论推导和仿真结果表明:针对一定的输入信噪比,适当选择信道化数和估计时间可实现较高的估计精度。在0dB信噪比条件下,采用16通道数字信道化处理,估计方差小于10-3。      

A new algorithm for explicit adaptation of time delay

By using an adaptive technique similar to the one developed by Etter and Stearns (1981), a novel constrained algorithm for explicit time delay estimation (TDE) is derived. The adaptive process provides an unbiased delay estimate and its respective performance surface, learning characteristics and delay variance will be given. The mean-square error surface, though a function of the estimated delay only, is multimodal and proper initialization is required to guarantee global convergence. Simulation results are included to validate the convergence behavior of the TDE system     

基于改进粒子滤波的PSK信号时延和码元联合估计算法

提出了一种基于自适应重采样的粒子滤波算法用于对PSK信号的时间延迟进行估计,可以消除由于状态噪声方差设置过小而产生不准确的后验概率分布和设置过大引起的估计误差增大的问题.同时,考虑已有算法无法实现较小时间延迟准确估计的问题,提出了一种码元正向与反向检测相结合的算法,可实现一个码元周期内任意时间延迟的准确估计.另外,对载频偏差进行精确估计并补偿.仿真结果表明这种新方法与原算法相比能够实现更精确的时间延迟估计与更低码元检测误码率     

Wideband Blind Source Separation Algorithm Based on Beamforming

As the problem of array mixing model of wideband signals cannot be solved by conventional blind source separation algorithms, an improved algorithm based on beamforming is proposed in this paper. First, the received signals are transformed into time–frequency domain, and the delays of source signals are estimated. Then, the received signals are compensated with the estimated delay in frequency domain. Finally, the desired signal is acquired by using Frost wideband beamforming algorithm. Due to adopting the new methods of single source point extraction and delay estimation, the complexity of the proposed algorithm is reduced. Pre-steering delay is used in frequency domain to eliminate the compensation error when the delay is not an integer multiple of the sampling interval, which improves the separation performance significantly. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can adequately solve the problem of delay mismatch and achieve wideband blind source separation effectively. The existing algorithms are mostly fail for frequency hopping signals when there are numerous overlapping time–frequency points. In this case, the proposed algorithm still has good separation performance.