Terahertz switch and polarization controller based on photonic crystal fiber

Theoretical studies on liquid crystal filled photonic crystal fiber(LC-PCF)are presented.The eects of electric birefringence of liquid crystal(LC)in the LC-PCF and the transmitting properties of photonic crystal fiber(PCF)are investigated by using the full vector plane wave expansion and beam propagation method.The simulation results show that the electrically controlled LC-PCF can act as not only a terahertz(THz)switch with about 0.55 THz bandwidth,but also a tunable polarization controller for changing the polarization state of the fundamental mode.     

光子晶体的研究及其在传感器中的应用

光子晶体是指具有光子带隙(PBG)特性的人造周期性电介质结构,有时也称为PBG光子晶体结构。按照光子晶体的光子禁带在空间中所存在的维数,可以将其分为一维光子晶体、二维光子晶体和三维光子晶体。光子晶体传感器应用包括应变传感器、温度传感器、化学传感器、光子晶体光纤传感器、长周期光纤光栅(LPFG)生物传感器、LPFG化学传感器等。本文从光子晶体传感器的概述、研究现状和应用几方面对光子晶体传感器的应用进展进行了综述,希望对光子晶体传感器有一个比较全面的了解。     

光子晶体压力传感器研究

介绍了一种新型光子晶体压力传感器,利用压力使光子晶体带隙的变化特性制作压力传感器,提出了通过测量透射光的变化来测量压力的检测方法。结果表明:传感器的测量范围和灵敏度与构成光子晶体的材料特性有关,材料弹性模量小时,灵敏度高;2种材料的弹性模量和泊松比相差大时,测量范围小。该传感器体积小、重量轻。     

Numerical analysis of fiber optical parameter amplifier based on triangular photonic crystal fiber

Due to triangular photonic crystal fiber (PCF) high nonlinearity and low dispersion slope, using the condition that the different linear phase shift combination must satisfy the phase match, the expressions of gain and bandwidth for one-pump fiber-optic parametric amplifiers (1P-FOPA) based on PCF in the normal and abnormal dispersion regimes are derived respectively. Then, 1P-FOPAs performance comparison among PCF, dispersion-shifted fiber (DSF) and highly nonlinear fibers (HNLF) are carried out by numerical simulations. It is shown that the 1P-FOPA based on triangular PCF can provide higher peak gain over wider bandwidth. When the pump wavelength is at the zero-dispersion wavelength (ZDWL), about 108.7 nm single-pass gain bandwidth and 91.4 dB peak gain can be obtained; when in the normal dispersion regime and near zero-dispersion wavelength, not less than 46 nm single-pass gain bandwidth 77.1 nm away from pump can be achieved. Finally the influence of dispersion fluctuation is analyzed, and the result shows that the tolerance of the 1P-FOPA based on photonic crystal fiber is better.     

空心光子晶体光纤在拉曼光谱仪中的应用

针对拉曼散射是一种弱散射,同时由于空心光子晶体光纤(HC—PCF)能显著增强光与填充介质之间的相互作用,提出将HC—PCF应用到拉曼光谱仪中,利用平面波展开法对HC—PCF的光子带隙与场分布进行模拟分析,探讨了HC—PCF的参数对拉曼散射强度的影响。通过理论研究发现光子晶体光纤可根据实际应用的需要,通过改变光纤的周期结构或包层气孔之间的间距来改变光子带隙,从而可传输不同波段的光。结果表明了HC—PCF在拉曼光谱仪中应用的可行性,为拉曼光谱仪在分子结构检测与分析提供了新的技术方法,也为HC—PCF的应用和研究开拓了广阔前景。     

PCF色散系数与场分布的近似特性分析

本文基于等效折射率模型将光子晶体光纤等效为传统阶跃光纤,通过对微结构中基模的本征方程的求解,得到了包层有效折射率、归一化频率、群速度色散系数以及电场分布等特性与波长的关系,并分别讨论了光子晶体光纤孔间距固定和孔半径固定的情况下对光纤特性的影响,分析表明,通过改变光子晶体光纤的结构参数可以适当地调整光纤的特性,从而对不同的应用场合下光子晶体光纤的定性设计提供了一定的理论依据。     

Photo‐aligned photonic ferroelectric liquid crystal fibers

Preliminary studies of photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) partially infiltrated with photo‐aligned ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) under the influence of external electric field are reported. The proper alignment of the FLC molecules is achieved by generating a photo‐aligning layer on the inner side of the PCF microcavities. The sulfonic azo dye, which is used as an alignment layer, offers a variable anchoring energy depending on the irradiation energy, and thus, a good control on the FLC alignment inside microchannels is possible. Moreover, a state of polarization of the light being guided inside the PCF infiltrated selectively with FLC changes under the influence of external electric field.     

新型光子晶体THz滤波器

提出了一种新型基于光子晶体的太赫兹滤波器,该滤波器在线缺陷中设计了由三个点缺陷构成的谐振腔,能够实现双波长的高效滤波功能。文中使用平面波展开法(PWM)分析了正方晶格光子晶体的带隙结构,并利用时域有限差分法(FDTD)研究了滤波器的一些性能指标。仿真结果表明,该新型滤波器能够把频率为3.413 THz和3.222 THz的太赫兹波滤出,并且具有滤波带宽窄、体积小等优点。     

基于光子晶体光纤传感器的瓦斯监测系统

空芯带隙型光子晶体光纤以其独特的结构和导光机制,具有其它普通光纤无法比拟的优势,这种光纤传感器在气体检测方面灵敏度更高。设计了以这种传感器为检测元件,基于Zig Bee的无线传感器网络的瓦斯监测系统,实验测试结果与样本值比较表明:相对误差在10%以内,基本达到了实时在线监测瓦斯的目的。     

Anomalous transport of light in photonic crystal

Photonic crystal （PC） offers a powerful means to mold the flow of light and manipulate light- matter interaction at subwavelength scale. In this paper, we review some recent theoretical and experimental work in our group on design and fabrication of microwave and infrared PC structures with the capability to achieve various anomalous transport behaviors of light. We discuss several microwave 2D PC and quasi-crystal structures that exhibit nearly isotropic equi-frequency surface （EFS） contours with effective refractive index equal to -1. In these structures, we can observe negative refraction induced focusing of microwave against a fiat slab lens in non-neax field regions. In comparison, if PC structures have anisotropic EFS contours in the lowest photonic band, only near-field focusing is expected. We move forward to high frequency infrared band and exploreremarkable dispersion properties of silicon 2D PC slab to achieve broad-band negative refraction and self-collimation transport of infrared light beam. We also explore the possibility to realize negative refraction and flat-lens focusing of light in 3D PC made from inverse opal. These studies show that PCs can offer a powerful route to manipulate various anomalous transport of light via photonic band gap and band structure engineering, which can be harnessed to build a wide variety of integrated optical devices for large-scale optical integration.     

光子晶体的研究与应用

光子晶体是一种具有光子能带及能隙的新型材料。其特有的性质,使光子晶体具有广阔的应用前景。本文基于固体物理学的基本原理,对光子晶体的理论基础进行了简单介绍,根据其特有结构,对光子晶体的特性做了一定分析,并结合现实需要,综述了光子晶体在光学等方面的应用。     

光子晶体的研究与应用

光子晶体是一种具有光子能带及能隙的新型材料。其特有的性质,使光子晶体具有广阔的应用前景。本文基于固体物理学的基本原理,对光子晶体的理论基础进行了简单介绍,根据其特有结构,对光子晶体的特性做了一定分析,并结合现实需要,综述了光子晶体在光学等方面的应用。     

光子晶体光纤模式折射率的分析

模式折射率是分析光子晶体光纤色散特性的一个基本参数,其快速而较准确的计算有助于对不同结构参数的分析比较,便于工程应用,但用时域有限差分法等数值方法分析传输特性通常需要较长的计算时间,为此,文中以六角形空气孔排列的光子晶体光纤为例,用时域有限差分法分析在不同的结构参数和传播常数的组合情况下的模式折射率,并利用分析所得数据,得到了模式折射率和结构参数、传播常数之间的拟合函数.利用所得拟合公式可得光子晶体光纤的模式折射率,并在通信和传感的应用场合下为PCF的设计提供一定的理论依据.     

一维光子晶体液晶微谐振腔的温度特性

在光子晶体中引入液晶缺陷,形成一维光子晶体液晶微谐振腔.用传输矩阵法研究了这种微谐振腔的温度特性,用E1液晶微谐振腔进行了模拟数值计算.计算结果表明,液晶微谐振腔的特性与温度和液晶分子排列密切相关;对于液晶排列沿平行介质表面的微谐振腔,当温度升高时缺陷峰波长向长波长方向漂移,半高宽度增大, 品质因子减小;而液晶排列沿介质表面法向的微谐振腔的温度变化情况则相反;温度灵敏度和透射峰高度均随温度升高而增大.温度特性为非线性关系,并随温度接近液晶相变点而变化迅速,与现有的各向同性材料微谐振腔的温度特性不同.     

Energy‐efficient liquid‐crystal displays (e2‐LCDs) using a photonic‐crystal backlight system

Abstract— Cholesteric liquid crystals automatically form one‐dimensional photonic crystals. For a photonic crystal in which light‐emitting moieties are embedded, unique properties such as microcavity effects and simultaneous light emission and light reflection can be expected. Three primary‐color photonic‐crystal films were prepared based on cholesteric liquid crystal in which fluorescent dye is incorporated. Microcavity effects, i.e., emission enhancement and spectrum narrowing, were observed. Two types of demonstration liquid‐crystal displays (LCDs) were fabricated using the prepared photonic‐crystal films in a backlight system. One is an area‐color LCD in which a single photonic‐crystal layer is used for each color pixel and the other is a full‐color TFT‐LCD in which three stacked photonic‐crystal layers are used as light‐conversion layers. The area‐color LCD was excited by using 365‐nm UV light, and the full‐color TFT‐LCD was excited by using 470‐nm blue LED light. Because of the photonic crystal's unique features that allow it to work as light‐emitting and light‐reflecting layers simultaneously, both LCDs demonstrate clear readable images even under strong ambient light, such as direct‐sunlight conditions, under which conventional displays including LCDs and OLED displays cannot demonstrate clear images. In particular, an area‐color LCD, which eliminated color filters, gives clear images under bright ambient light conditions even without backlight illumination. This fact suggests that a backlight system using novel photonic‐crystal layers will be suitable for energy‐efficient LCDs (e²‐LCDs), especially for displays designed for outdoor usage.     

介观压光型加速度传感器

对于光子晶体而言,角度、厚度、周期数等对其透射率产生很大的影响,但相对于这些,轴向压力的影响更大。通过对介观压光效应的应用,用光子晶体代替传统的力敏电阻器,设计一种新型的加速度传感器,使其测量精度得到很大的提高,测量量程也有很大的改进。所设计的加速度传感器采用四端固支梁结构,有效地消除了偏轴效应,具有很好的稳定性。利用ANSYS软件对所设计的结构进行了应力模拟分析和三阶模态分析。这种加速度传感器具有很大的优势,可以运用到以后的航天、军事、车辆等领域。     

Focusing properties of two types of diffractive photonic crystal lens

We designed novel two type of binary 2D subwavelength (wavelength was λ= 10 mm) focus diffractive photonic crystal lens and calculated the diffraction of plane TE-wave by use FDTD-method (our program in C++). It has been shown that diffractive photonic crystal lens designs have not an unique solution. It has been also shown the diffractive lens with equal holes in Fresnel zones has better focusing characteristics. Lens diameter was 5 times more than her width and full width half maximum diameter of focal spot was 0.48λ.     

基于镜像结构光子晶体的微加速度计设计

镜像结构光子晶体能够在一定范围的频带内形成单一的透射峰,受其他频率的光子影响小且易于观察。从理论结果可以看出,这种光子晶体透射率与所受的轴向应力在一定范围内呈简单的线性关系。据此,该设计以典型的单悬臂梁结构为基础设计一种新型加速度计。在单悬臂梁根部所受应力最大处,用镜像结构光子晶体替代以往的力敏电阻器,通过测出透射光强算出透射率,进而可算出加速度的值。从模态分析图中可以看到这种加速度计具有更好的稳定性和抗干扰性。     

向列相液晶缺陷光子晶体可调谐滤波器的研究

在一维光子晶体中引入向列相液晶作为缺陷层,用电场改变液晶分子的取向,形成光子晶体可调谐滤波器.用传输矩阵法研究了液晶缺陷光子晶体的可调谐滤波特性,模拟计算了电压和液晶材料参数对滤波器透射谱的影响.结果表明,改变电压能容易改变光子晶体滤波器透射峰的位置、强度、个数和带宽,表现出很好的调谐滤波功能.     

基于光子晶体光纤的血糖监测系统研究

介绍了以光子晶体光纤为核心,结合光电微损法血糖监测技术,设计了新型的血糖监测系统。根据血样中不同血糖含量对光吸收不同的原理,利用MSP430对光进行控制,通过三探头光纤束传感器传输,照射到被测血样,调制后,带有血糖信息的反射光由光电转换放大,输入MSP430,经A／D转换后计算出血糖含量。系统具有操作简便、功耗小等特点。