瓜尔胶衍生物水凝胶在表面活性剂中的溶胀性能研究

以可生物降解的改性多糖羧甲基羟丙基瓜尔胶、敏感功能性单体丙烯酸为主要原料、在性能增强剂粘土存在下,合成一类具有pH敏感性质的新型杂化水凝胶,同时探索所得杂化水凝胶在表面活性剂中的溶胀行为。结果表明,凝胶的溶胀比随着阳离子表面活性剂浓度的增大而降低;随着阴离子表面活性剂浓度的增大而增大。     

壳聚糖水凝胶溶胀性能的研究

壳聚糖水凝胶在pH7.0,0.2%甘氨酸缓冲溶液中的最高溶胀比R为637.5,溶胀体积比Rv为12.75;当pH≤7.0时,表现强的吸水性;pH>8.5时脱水收缩;在<1%NaCl溶液中,表现出不同程度的吸胀性;在≥1%NaCl溶液中,无吸胀性,随着环境温度的升高,吸胀性下降;甲醇作为成胶介质,凝胶的吸胀性最强;交链度与壳聚糖水凝胶的Rv成反比。因此认为,壳聚糖水凝胶在农业、医药、化工和生物学的应用及研究中将表现重要作用。     

石墨烯对聚丙烯酸水凝胶溶胀性能的影响

以丙烯酸(AA)为单体,石墨烯(GN)为致孔剂,通过自由基溶液聚合法制备了5种GN投料比的聚丙烯酚(PAA)多孔水凝胶,通过红外光谱、DSC-TG分析、扫描电镜以及凝胶在纯水和pH缓冲液中的溶胀动力学测试研究了GN的加入对PAA水凝胶的化学组成、热稳定性、表面形貌以及溶胀性能的影响。结果表明,GN的加入并不影响PAA的化学组成和热稳定性,但会使凝胶的孔径尺寸更均匀,一定量GN的加入有助于增大凝胶孔径、提高其吸水性和pH敏感性。当GN的用量为AA质量的0.5%～1.0%时,PAA凝胶的吸水性及pH敏感性最佳。     

pH敏感高分子水凝胶的合成及性能研究

从分子设计的角度出发,选用具有优良pH敏感的丙烯酸(AAc)为基本原料,制备了pH敏感水凝胶,系统研究了水凝胶的基本物理性能(密度、平均分子量、交联密度、平衡态水含量、固定电荷密度等),测试了水凝胶在不同离子强度下的溶胀、退溶胀性能,并对其响应机理进行了探讨,同时对水凝胶的机械性能进行测试.结果表明:pH敏感水凝胶的机械性能随着pH值增大而变化,其变化幅度最大可达到80%;其机械性能强烈依赖于平衡态溶胀率;离子强度的大小也对水凝胶的机械性能有着决定性影响.     

pH敏感聚合物水凝胶的实验研究

合成(聚丙烯酸)—CO—(α—甲基丙烯酸)水凝胶,具有很好的pH敏感性和一定的温度敏感性。这种水凝胶在碱性条件下的溶胀率远大于酸性条件下的溶胀率。在合成凝胶时,交联剂浓度和单体浓度都会影响聚合物反应的速度和性能,直接影响凝胶的结构,从而影响凝胶的性能,而且溶液中的离子浓度对凝胶的溶胀率也造成影响,其它条件相同,离子浓度越大,溶胀率越小。本文也研究了此凝胶的可逆性。在通过大量的实验后,结果表明：丙烯酸和α—甲基丙烯酸单体的摩尔比为1：0．75,在60℃合成的凝胶有较好的性能。     

聚乙烯醇水凝胶的制备及其溶胀性能

采用化学交联方法制备了PVA水凝胶，研究了PVA聚合度、醇解度等分子结构参数，反应温度、反应时间等合成工艺参数，交联剂用量、疏水单体用量、阴离子单体用量等化学组成对PVA水凝胶溶胀性能的影响。结果表明，采用聚合度为1700、醇解度为95％的PVA1795为基体，当交联剂用量为1mL，反应温度为80℃，反应时间为8h，所制得的PVA水凝胶具有较高的溶胀率。     

聚丙烯酸水凝胶的制备研究

以丙烯酸为单体,N,N＇-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,过硫酸铵为引发剂,通过自由基聚合制备了聚丙烯酸水凝胶.考察了交联剂、引发剂、单体中和度、聚合温度以及盐溶液对水凝胶溶胀性能的影响.结果表明,引发剂为单体质量的0.6％,交联剂为0.8％,单体的中和度为70％时,凝胶的溶胀性能最佳,吸水率达到了3 000％以上,聚丙烯酸水凝胶的溶胀性能随着盐溶液浓度的增大而降低.     

PASP/SPP水凝胶溶胀性能的研究

采用水溶液聚合法制备聚天冬氨酸/沙柳木粉(PASP/SPP)水凝胶,采用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对其结构进行表征。研究了溶胀时间、溶胀温度、溶液pH值、离子强度等对水凝胶溶胀性能的影响。结果表明,FTIR和XRD显示PASP上的—COOR与沙柳木粉上的O—H发生接枝共聚反应,并形成PASP/SPP水凝胶;SEM显示其表面疏松,有大小不等的孔隙,有利于提高水凝胶的溶胀性能。当溶胀时间为60 min、溶胀温度为30℃、溶液pH值为5.5、离子强度为0时,PASP/SPP水凝胶的溶胀比达到最大,为7.2。     

PASP/SPP水凝胶溶胀性能的研究

采用水溶液聚合法制备聚天冬氨酸/沙柳木粉(PASP/SPP)水凝胶,采用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对其结构进行表征。研究了溶胀时间、溶胀温度、溶液pH值、离子强度等对水凝胶溶胀性能的影响。结果表明,FTIR和XRD显示PASP上的—COOR与沙柳木粉上的O—H发生接枝共聚反应,并形成PASP/SPP水凝胶;SEM显示其表面疏松,有大小不等的孔隙,有利于提高水凝胶的溶胀性能。当溶胀时间为60 min、溶胀温度为30℃、溶液pH值为5.5、离子强度为0时,PASP/SPP水凝胶的溶胀比达到最大,为7.2。     

HPMC水凝胶溶胀性能的影响因素研究

制备了一系列具有不同相对分子质量和取代度的羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)水凝胶,并用称重的方法对凝胶的溶胀性能进行了研究,考察了温度、pH值、溶剂类型、取代度和相对分子质量对HPMC水凝胶溶胀性能的影响。结果显示,HPMC水凝胶的平衡溶胀度随温度的升高而减小;其溶胀行为受溶剂影响显著,而受溶液pH值的影响不明显;而取代度和相对分子质量都对凝胶溶胀行为有较大的影响。     

pH敏感性P(AAm-co-AA)半互穿网络水凝胶的制备、表征及溶胀动力学研究

以N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(N,N-MBA)为交联剂、过硫酸钾(KPS)为引发剂,采用自由基交联共聚法合成了具有pH敏感性的半互穿网络水凝胶聚丙烯酰胺-co-丙烯酸[P(AAm-co-AA)],通过傅立叶红外光谱、差热分析研究了水凝胶的结构及热稳定性.水凝胶的溶胀研究表明,随着缓冲溶液pH值的增大平衡溶胀率增大;在不同...     

pH敏感瓜胶/聚丙烯酸半互穿网络水凝胶研究

制备了瓜胶/聚丙烯酸(GG/PAA)的半互穿网络(sem i-IPN)水凝胶,以N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)为交联剂,考察了加料量、溶胀介质pH对平衡溶胀率(ESR)的影响。结果表明:GG/PAA半互穿网络水凝胶的ESR在pH≤3时较小,pH>4后增加较快,pH=8.2时达最大值,继续增加pH,ESR又呈下降趋势,体系具有pH敏感性。在pH相同条件下,ESR随GG用量增加而减小,随丙烯酸(AA)用量增加而增大。pH=8.2、ρ(GG)从5 g/L增加到25 g/L时,ESR从3 142降低到1 026;当ρ(AA)用量从125 g/L增加到375 g/L时,ESR从1 195增加到2 611。m(MBA)∶m(AA)=(0.5∶100)~(1.2∶100)时,ESR略有增加。GG/PAA半互穿网络水凝胶的溶胀动力学表明,该类凝胶满足在胃液pH环境中溶胀率较小、小肠部位pH环境中溶胀率较高的要求,因此,通过调整配方,结合瓜胶只被结肠部位细菌降解的特性,GG/PAA半互穿网络水凝胶有望成为一种理想的靶向结肠给药载体。     

NVP/衣康酸共聚水凝胶的制备与溶胀性能研究

用自由基引发的水溶液聚合法，以偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂，以N，N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)为交联剂，合成了N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(NVP)/衣康酸(IA)共聚物水凝胶，研究了单体配比、反应时间、聚合反应温度、交联剂用量等反应条件对水凝胶性能的影响。得到水凝胶合成的最佳条件。     

温度和pH双重刺激响应型水凝胶的溶胀性能研究

以丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸和双丙酮丙烯酰胺为原料,以N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,2-酮戊二酸为引发剂,采用光引发聚合方法制备出系列新型温度和pH响应型水凝胶。考察了交联剂用量、水凝胶组成、温度和pH值对凝胶溶胀性能的影响。结果表明,随交联剂用量的增加,凝胶的溶胀率减小,随凝胶组成中AA含量的增加,凝胶的溶胀率增加。凝胶的溶胀率随温度的升高而减小,随pH值的增大而增加,表现出显著的温敏和pH敏感性。     

聚乙烯醇/聚丙烯酸/腐植酸钠高吸水性树脂的制备及溶胀行为

以N,N＇-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂、过硫酸铵为引发剂,采用水溶液聚合法合成了聚乙烯醇/聚丙烯酸/腐植酸钠多功能高吸水性树脂。研究了聚乙烯醇和腐植酸钠含量对树脂吸水倍率的影响,同时考察了树脂的吸水速率、溶液pH值对吸水倍率的影响及反复溶胀性能。结果表明,在体系中引入廉价的腐植酸钠,能够显著提高树脂的吸水能力。在腐植酸钠含量为10wt%时,树脂具有最高的吸水倍率,其吸蒸馏水和0.9wt%NaCl溶液分别达到1020g/g和80g/g。     

Effect of Potassium Methacrylate Content on Synthesis,Swelling, and Diffusion Characteristics of Acrylamide/Potassium Methacrylate Hydrogels

ABSTRACT

Hydrogels based on acrylamide (AAM) and potassium methacrylate (KMA) were synthesized by simultaneous free radical polymerization in aqueous solution using the redox initiator ammonium persulfate (APS) and N,N,N′N′-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) at room temperature. Eight different compositions of KMA hydrogels were prepared at a fixed concentration of N,N′,-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) or diallyl phthalate (DP) as crosslinking agents. For all the AAM-KMA hydrogels, the percentage of swelling, swelling kinetics, and diffusion characteristics were investigated. It was found that higher swelling percentage values were obtained for hydrogels crosslinked with DP than for the conventional crosslinker MBA. The de-swelling characteristics of hydrogels were also studied in detail. The power law relationship of hydrogels was evaluated in saline solutions. Hydrogels formation was confirmed by IR spectroscopy. The thermal characteristics of these hydrogels were studied by using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and revealed that MBA crosslinked AAM-KMA hydrogels show higher glass transition temperature (Tg) as well as higher decomposition temperatures (Td) than DP crosslinked AAM-KMA hydrogels. It is further confirmed from the studies that the DP crosslinked hydrogels have good swelling as well as de-swelling and salinity characteristics.     

Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Clay‐Based Nanocomposite Hydrogels: Swelling Behavior and Characterization

Polymer/clay composite hydrogels were prepared based on PVA hydrogels containing 3–10 wt.‐% MOM. Their microstructure and morphology were studied by FT‐IR, WAXS and SEM, whereas the interactions between MOM and PVA were evaluated by thermal analyses. The swelling ratios for the PVA/MOM hydrogels decrease with increasing MOM content. WAXS results indicate that MOM was intercalates, and DSC results show a strong interaction between PVA and MOM. This interaction results in a stable network, which is confirmed by the elastic modulus and the thermal decomposition behavior of the hydrogels. Therefore, MOM acts as a co‐crosslinker, improving the stability of the network.

     

Swelling Properties of Chemically Crosslinked Poly(acrylamide-co-maleic acid) Hydrogels

ABSTRACT

Chemically crosslinked poly(acrylamide-co-maleic acid) [poly(AAm-co-MA)] hydrogels were prepared by simultaneous free radical copolymerization of acrylamide (AAm) with maleic acid (MA) in presence of di or tri functional crosslinking agents using ammonium persulfate-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine (APS-TMEDA) redox-initiating system. The poly(AAm-co-MA) hydrogels formation was confirmed by IR studies. The influence of crosslinkers such as N,N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide (MBA) and 2,4,6-triallyloxy-1,3,5-triazine (TATA) on swelling/de-swelling characteristics were studied in detail for poly(AAm-co-MA) hydrogels containing different amounts of maleic acid. The present investigation also deals with the influence of concentration of crosslinker and initiator on the swelling behavior of poly(AAM-co-MA) hydrogels. The effect of various salts on swelling capacity was studied. In addition, the effect of simulated biological fluids and pH solutions on the swelling of hydrogels was also studied in detail.     

Poly(vinyl alcohol) Based pH Responsive Semi-IPN Hydrogels: A Comparative Swelling Investigation

The semi-interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogels composed of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and random copolymers of poly(acrylamide-co-sodium methacrylate), poly(AAm-co-NMA); poly(acrylamide-co-potassium methacrylate), poly(AAm-co-KMA); poly(acrylamide-co-maleic acid), poly(AAm-co-MA) were prepared by conventional co-polymerization employing ammonium persulphate (APS)/N,N,N¹,N¹-tetraethylmethylenediamine (TMEDA) as redox initiating system in presence of N,N¹-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker. The swelling behavior of these semi-IPN hydrogels were compared in detail in various swelling media, including different pH, salt, and biological fluids.