PET/SiO2纳米复合材料的光学性能和结晶成核行为

以乳液聚合法制备了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)包覆纳米S iO2的核-壳结构复合粒子,并利用聚合法和共混法制备PET纳米复合材料。研究了复合颗粒和纳米复合材料的制备条件和方法等对复合材料光学和结晶成核行为的影响。结果表明:分散良好的纳米颗粒对PET有很强的成核作用,抑制PET球晶生长速度,提高PET总结晶速率和透明度。共混法制备的纳米复合NPET透明度提高,而聚合法制得的NPET透明度降低。NPET熔融结晶行为表明,随着纳米颗粒含量增加,NPET双熔融小峰逐步降低;纳米S iO2含量2%时,NPET的结晶速度最快,结晶半峰宽仅有5.1℃。     

SiO2/CaCO3纳米复合粒子填充改性聚丙烯

通过简单的工艺条件和步骤制备S iO2包覆C aCO3的核壳结构纳米复合粒子,采用硅烷偶联剂对其和纳米S iO2实心粒子进行表面改性处理,并用处理后的两种粒子分别对聚丙烯进行填充改性,然后比较其对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,利用纳米S iO2/C aCO3复合粒子填充改性聚丙烯,可同时达到增强、增韧的目的,而且对材料力学性能的改性效果与纳米S iO2实心粒子的改性效果相近。     

(PEO)8LiClO4-TiO2复合电解质膜的制备表征及导电性能

以聚氧化乙烯/高氯酸锂复合物(简记为(PEO)8L iC lO4)为基体,通过钛酸丁酯的水解缩合反应在其中原位生成T iO2粒子,制备了(PEO)8L iC lO4-T iO2复合聚合物电解质膜,采用原子力显微镜(AFM)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)和交流阻抗方法研究了复合电解质膜的形貌、结晶、熔融行为和离子电导率。结果表明,T iO2粒子在基体中分散均匀,加入T iO2后复合电解质体系的玻璃化转变温度和结晶度均有所下降,而电导率明显提高,当T iO2添加量为5%时电导率最大,20℃和80℃的电导率分别为5.5×10-5S/cm和1.1×10-3S/cm。     

PI/α-Al2O3和PI/SiO2表面结合能的分子模拟

利用M ateria ls S tud io 3.0分别模拟了聚酰亚胺(P I)/-αA l2O3和聚酰亚胺(P I)/S iO2材料体系的表面结合能,结果表明,在(012)晶面,6.0 nm×4.0 nm范围内,随着纳米颗粒超晶格尺寸增大,P I/-αA l2O3结合能增加,P I/S iO2体系结合能变小;悬挂在-αA l2O3和S iO2(012)晶面上的H原子对体系总能量及结合能有明显影响,-αA l2O3和S iO2纳米颗粒掺杂主要通过分子间作用力与P I相复合。     

原位生成法合成PET/纳米TiO2复合材料Ⅰ.复合树脂的结构和性能表征

采用原位生成法合成了不同纳米TiO2含量的PET纳米复合树脂,通过FTIR、SEM、TG、DSC表征和分析了PET/纳米TiO2复合树脂的化学结构、纳米粒子在PET基体中的分散性和无机纳米粒子的引入对PET树脂热性能的影响,结果表明,原位生成的纳米粒子在PET基体中具有良好的分散性,其尺度在80nm左右.     

原位生成法合成PET/纳米TiO2复合材料Ⅲ.双向拉伸薄膜的结构和性能研究

采用原位生成法合成了不同纳米TiO2含量的PET纳米复合树脂,通过FTIR、SEM、TG、DSC表征和分析了PET/纳米TiO2复合树脂的化学结构、纳米粒子在PET基体中的分散性和无机纳米粒子的引入对PET树脂热性能的影响,结果表明,原位生成的纳米粒子在PET基体中具有良好的分散性,其尺度在80nm左右.     

原位聚合法制备PA6/SiO2纳米复合材料

以正硅酸乙酯(TEO S)为前驱体,环氧丙基三乙氧基硅烷(W D-60)为改性剂,经原位聚合制备PA 6/S iO2纳米复合材料。利用端基滴定、力学性能测试、DSC、SEM、AFM等手段对材料的结构和性能进行研究。结果表明,经原位改性的S iO2纳米粒子在PA 6基体中分散均匀;与纯PA 6相比,复合材料的平均分子量下降,结晶速度明显加快,结晶度略有降低,材料的力学性能随S iO2加入量的增加而有一定的提高。     

LDPE熔融接枝纳米SiO2协同增韧PPS的研究

采用熔融接枝共混法制备PPS基纳米复合材料。熔融接枝改性的纳米S iO2粒子在PPS中形成界面粘接较好的S iO2-LDPE核壳包覆结构以及微纤网络结构,使PPS结晶温度显著提高、晶粒细化、结晶度降低。包覆结构、微纤网络结构的形成和结晶特性的变化对PPS的增韧效果显著,使复合材料冲击强度高达85.1 kJ/m2(纯PPS的3.7倍)。     

聚氨酯/SiO2有机无机杂化材料研究

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)水解缩合,合成表面带有羟基(-OH)的活性S iO2粒子,利用甲苯二异氰酸酯(TD I)和聚乙二醇(PEG)的预聚体与活性S iO2粒子表面的-OH原位聚合反应,制备聚氨酯(PU)/S iO2有机无机杂化材料。FT-IR分析表明,弥散在杂化材料中的S iO2粒子与PU基体以化学键键合;DSC分析表明,随S iO2含量的增加,杂化材料的玻璃化温度Tg升高。与纯PU相比,S iO2含量为4%时,杂化材料的Tg由90℃升高至132℃,但当S iO2含量超过4%达到6%时,S iO2粒子破坏了PU链段的规整性,基体PU的热分解温度由387℃降低至382℃。TEM显示,杂化材料内部弥散的S iO2粒子分布比较均匀,且大部分粒子的尺寸在50 nm左右。     

树形分子改性纳米SiO2及其在分离蛋白中的应用

介绍了在纳米S iO2表面导入氨基作为引发剂,重复进行M ichae l加成反应和酰胺化反应,实现了用树形分子改性纳米S iO2的目的。讨论了接枝代数等因素对改性效果的影响,并用红外光谱、热分析、酸碱滴定分析等手段对纳米S iO2的改性效果进行了表征。实验结果表明,随着接枝代数的增多,氨基接枝率增高,改性效果越好。最后采用聚乙二醇-硫酸铵双水相体系,运用改性后的纳米S iO2分离纯化血红蛋白,考察了聚乙二醇浓度、硫酸铵浓度、离子强度、溶液的pH值等因素对蛋白分离纯化的影响,探索出较好的分离纯化条件。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.