An environment for End-User Development of Web mashups

End-User Development aims to find novel ways that are suitable and intuitive for end users to create their own applications. We present a graphical environment in which users create new mashups by directly selecting interaction elements, content and functionalities from existing Web applications without requiring the intervention of expert developers. Then, users just need to exploit a copy–paste metaphor to indicate how to compose the selected interactive content and functionalities in the new mashup. The environment is enabled by a Web-based platform accessible from any browser, and is suitable for users without particular programming skills. We describe the architecture of our platform and how it works, including its intelligent support, show example applications, and report the results of first user studies.     

Automated user interface engineering with a pattern reflecting programming language

The development of the user interface concerns all aspects of a software system that are targeted to the interactive delivery of its functionality and data. Today, user interface development accounts for a large proportion of the overall software implementation, while the programming process involves various recurring software patterns. Based on the identification of key commonly occurring user interface programming patterns, we have designed and implemented a user interface programming language with built-in constructs to directly support those software patterns, offering declarative programming features such as: precondition-based actions, unidirectional constraints and data-content monitors. Initially, we introduce the deployment syntax and semantics of the novel programming elements, relying upon subject interaction scenarios. Then we reveal the most demanding implementation aspects of the code generator and the respective run-time library.     

基于袁单的业务系统界面逻辑模型获取的研究

为了支持界面设计的自动化，国内外的研究提出了基于语言的设计工具、交互式图形描述工具和基于模型的生成工具。但是这些工具都只是从界面本身考虑设计和编码的自动化，没有从用户需求出发考虑界面的设计。该文从需求模型出发设计用户界面逻辑，使得界面是依据用户需求设计的，并且是可以进行需求验证的。该文给出了从需求模型得到界面逻辑模型的算法，以及从界面逻辑模型反向推导需求模型元素的算法。     

基于表单的业务系统界面逻辑模型获取的研究

为了支持界面设计的自动化,国内外的研究提出了基于语言的设计工具、交互式图形描述工具和基于模型的生成工具.但是这些工具都只是从界面本身考虑设计和编码的自动化,没有从用户需求出发考虑界面的设计.该文从需求模型出发设计用户界面逻辑,使得界面是依据用户需求设计的,并且是可以进行需求验证的.该文给出了从需求模型得到界面逻辑模型的算法,以及从界面逻辑模型反向推导需求模型元素的算法.     

Micro—UIDT：用户界面的开发工具

本文将介绍用户界面的开发工具:Micro-UIDT。该系统为用户界面的设计者提供交互式设计环境,所提供的进行用户界面设计的设计语言为一种非过程、图示语言。其中,进行用户界面的人-机对话控制部分的设计使用了状态转换图说明技术;而对应用数据显示部分的描述则通过直接作图和定义对该图的控制同应用数据间的关系来实现。Micro-UIDT还可将使用上述图示语言设计的用户界面变换为C语言处理程序。     

View binding and user enhanceable systems

Most user interfaces are constructed by programs, so there is no direct relationship between the program, its structure and the user interface it implements. For example, graphics drawn on a screen need have no correspondence with regions of the screen sensitive to the user's input.View binding is introduced as a binding scheme (related to static or lexical binding schemes) whereby browsing the user interface also manipulates the program's environment in a particular way. The result is a direct relation between the user interface and the program, with many advantages. Like particular binding schemes in programming languages, view binding is not a solution to every programmer's or user's wishes, yet it provides a useful discipline that can help simplify user interfaces and their programs. In particular, it is very suitable for user enhanceable systems. No system currently available is implemented with a strict view-binding scheme, but this paper exhibits suggestive examples taken from several well-known programming languages and interactive systems.     

QUICK: a tool for graphical user-interface construction by non-programmers

The last decade has placed the superiority of graphical user interfaces over traditional text-based approaches beyond dispute. In almost all contexts, users have found graphical interfaces easier to learn, faster to use, and less error-prone. However, it has been shown that the creation of powerful graphical interfaces takes up to 80% of the time required to develop an application. In our work, we seek to extend the benefits of graphical interaction to the next layer of computer user—the interface designer. Our work in this area is distinguished from other efforts by two important differences. First, while other efforts focus primarily on the design of standard user interfaces, our approach emphasizes the creation of unique and innovative interfaces by supporting, among other things, arbitrary user-designed graphical representations, direct specification of animation, and digitized sound. Second, our goal is to cater to the nonprogrammer. Thus, we address a challenging trade-off: maximizing power and flexibility in an extremely simple environment. We explore the utility of the prototype object-oriented paradigm, a high-level userinterface language, and a direct-manipulation programming environment in this context.     

A design-and-play approach to accessible user interface development in Ambient Intelligence environments

User interface development in Ambient Intelligence (AmI) environments is anticipated to be a particularly complex and programming intensive endeavor. Additionally, AmI environments should ensure accessibility and usability of interactive technologies by users with different characteristics and requirements in a mainstream fashion. Therefore, appropriate user interface development methods and tools are required, capable of both reducing development efforts and ‘injecting’ accessibility issues into AmI applications from the early design stages. This paper introduces two tools, named AmIDesigner and AmIPlayer, which have been specifically developed to address the above challenges through automatic generation of accessible Graphical User Interfaces in AmI environments. The combination of these two tools offers a simple and rapid design-and-play approach, and the running user interfaces produced integrate non-visual feedback and a scanning mechanism to support accessibility. AmIDesigner and AmIPlayer have been evaluated to assess their usability by designers, and have been put to practice in the redevelopment of a light control application in a smart environment as a case study demonstrating the viability of the design-and-play approach. The results confirm the usefulness and usability of the tools themselves. Overall, the proposed approach has the potential to contribute significantly to the development, up-take and user acceptance of AmI technologies in the home environment.     

A visual tool for user-interface development

VITUID is a visual tool for user interface development. It aims to help user-interface designers, who may be non-programmers, to specify and create interactive, graphical user interfaces through graphical interaction. VITUID lets designers specify the user command set and the human-computer dialogs by building a tree and specifying the behavior of each dialog via a dialog-control word, adopting the object-oriented approach. The main strategy of VITUID is to separate a user interface into an application-dependent part and an application-independent part and then let the designer specify only the application-dependent part.     

一个面向SMP的可视并行程序设计环境

本文描述了一个面向ＳＭＰ体系结构的可视并行程序设计环境。     

一种基于Linux的图形用户接口的设计与实现

介绍一种采用标准C语言开发的Linux图形用户接口设计思想与实现方法,提供简单易用的图形用户编程接口,在此基础上用户可以高效便捷地开发出具有良好可移植性的图形界面应用程序。     

A Methodology And Tool Set For Supporting The Development Of Graphical User Interfaces

A methodology and tool set for building application (assumed to be inherently non-graphical) software with graphical user interface is described. Initially, pure application software is built from a set of basic building blocks; subsequently, graphical representations for application objects are defined without direct coding and then the graphical user interface is generated automatically. This paper concentrates on the graphical representation aspects of the user interface. Portability, configurability and sound software engineering principles are major considerations in the design of the overall system architecture. The prototype implementation is based on VDM (Vienna Development Method), Object-based Design, GKS (Graphical Kernel System) and the programming language ADA. An example from CIM (Computer Integrated Manufacturing) is used to illustrate the methodology presented here.     

软件用户界面的艺术设计之我见

GUI（“Graphical User Interface”）即面向用户的计算机接口的图形化表示。本文主要介绍了GUI的艺术设计要点,并且提出如何设计一个生动的,合理的,艺术性的,清晰的图形化用户界面的建议和方法。尤其强调了在设计用户界面的过程中形式美感的构成与追求设计细节的重要性。     

P/CL: A flexible input processor

An interactive program inevitably has a need for a user interface which exceeds the simple combination of a write and a read statement. This is necessary to prevent a program abort due to an input error from the side of the user. Also it is desirable to allow for more advanced types of input than single characters or numbers. For these reasons a general-purpose input package has been developed which allows for sophisticated command-driven programs while offering the programmer as well as the user an easy-to-use interface. The structure of the package is described and examples of its use are given.     

An overview of a graphical multilanguage applications environment

A programming environment to support the development and use of engineering applications is presented. The environment provides uniform support for a set of Pascal-class languages in which engineering and scientific applications are commonly written. The environment includes a dynamically multilanguage interpreter debugger to aid in the interactive development of applications. For the application and user, the environment provides a graphical program interface based on the concept of a software control panel. Through a control panel, the user may interactively modify program parameters and exercise fine-grain control over program execution. The environment also includes a graphical design tool for constructing executable block diagrams based on standard application programs. The control-panel tool is integrated with the design tool, to provide a uniform interface to all levels of program execution     

How map designers can represent their ideas in thematic maps

Problem analysis in designing thematic maps and user interfaces which assist map designers in incorporating their ideas into maps are presented. Problems in designing choropleth maps are analyzed from the map designers point of view. A graphical user interface, called “Histogram Interface”, is implemented as countermeasure for problems in designing choropleth maps. The user interface can assist map designers in representing their ideas and achieving the desired maps through the designing process. The user interface operations, which correspond to the map designer's ideas, are explained. The user interface effectiveness is confirmed by resulting map examples and the corresponding graphical patterns on the interface. A concept is proposed concerning the importance in any computer graphics field, which the designers should consider in determining how to incorporate their ideas into pictures.