21世纪的电信管理网（TMN）

电信管理网（TMN）是一个独立于电信网、专门进行电信网管理操作、管理标准化、简单化和自动化的网络,它是用来收集、传输、处理和存储有关电信网维护、运营和信息管理的一个综合管理系统。TMN是建立在基础电信网和业务之上的管理网络,是实现各种电信网与业务管理功能的载体,它利用一个具备一系列标准接口的结构使不同类型的操作系统与电信设备实现互连。巨．电信管理网的组成图1电信管理网的组成从图1中可见,电信管理网与电信网是互连的,因为TMN要利用电信网的部分设施来提供通信,TMN依靠若干不同的接口与电信网连接,通过接口…     

界定TMN的几个问题

TMN是用一个概念上独立于电信网的计算机网络来支持与电信有关的一切管理活动,提供用于传输和处理与电信网及电信业务管理有关的信息的方法。所谓一切管理活动,是指与电信有关的商务、业务、网络和设备等的管理。ITU-T对电信管理网制定了统一的基本理论。本文就界定TMN的几个基本问题作了初步探讨,提出了界定单个TMN的建议。希望与大家一起探讨研究。     

电信管理网技术和应用

介绍了在电信网不断扩大和电信技术不断发展的情况下，天津本地电信网建立电信管理网（TMN）的必然性，以及TMN的概念和已建立，使用的天津本地TMN的开发思想，总体方案，功能及结构等，详细分析和讨论了在天津本地TMN中应用影响率的理论及笔通过实践摸索出的影响率的计算公式对提高网络接通率起到的重要作用，对TMN如何完善和改进的问题提出了建议。     

网络管理体系结构中物理实体间的通信方法

一、TMN的分布式结构 TMN(Telecommunications Management Network电信管理网)是一种电信网的管理体系结构，包括对网络的规划、指配、安装、维护、运行和管理，以及对电信设备、网络及业务的管理等方面。     

新一代网络管理标准的研究

ITU－T在网络管理标准方面的制定大体经历了三个阶段，即1997年以来的第一代经典TMN阶段、1997至2000年的第二代扩展TMN阶段和从2001年开始的包括TMN在内的第三代网络管理阶段。“十五”期间我国的网络管理标准研究工作将放在第三代移动通信、IP网络、光网络3个重点领域。     

未来的IP网络和IP网络管理

简单描述了未来IP网络及其网络管理的特点。重点讨论了下一代IP网络的技术问题和管理问题，展望了简单网络管理协议（SN－MP）、电信管理网（TMN）和公共对象请求代理体系结构（CORBA）等技术在未来IP网络管理中的应用前景。     

电信管理网技术

电信管理网(TMN)是ITU-T为适应现代电信网的发展提出的一种新型的管理电信网的网络,是电信网发展的重要方向。文章讨论了TMN的相关技术,特别是提出了在被管对象(M0)和被管资源(MR)之间设计一个网关作为两者通信中介体的思路,阐述了网关设计的原理和实现方法以及它作为中间媒介与被管对象、被管资源的交互方法。     

基于TMN分层结构的VPNs QoS管理

伴随着Internet的迅猛发展，出现了各种IP业务，这不但增加了网络的复杂性，也给网络的管理带来诸多问题。本文提出一种基于TMN的网络体系结构来保障VPN的QOS(虚拟专用网的服务质量)，并且可以兼容多种IP网络管理技术。     

MSTP光传输系统集中监控系统实现方案

一、概述 在电信网络的规模和复杂度不断增加的今天．网络管理是提高网络服务质量、合理使用网络资源、降低维护成本的关键。为了适应电信的发展．国际电信联盟ITU—T．提出了电信管理网（TMN）概念。电信管理网的目的在于从全球电信网的角度出发．提供一种有组织的体系结构及标准化的接口．使不同类型的管理系统之间、管理系统和电信设备之间都能以一致的方式交换管理信息，按照规范的方法对整个电信网进行统一的综合维护和管理。     

运营商竞争的利器-中兴综合网管的优势

引言 随着电信网的迅猛发展,网络硬件设施日趋完善,电信网建设的焦点正逐步由设备开通转向如何为用户提供高品质的服务上,与设备建设相比后者将涉及到多种设备和网络的统一和协调,是一个更为庞大的系统工程,必须有一套完整的IT架构来支撑,从TMN到现在流行的NGOSS,电信网的管理有了长足的发展,可以预见今后运营商的竞争将更加激烈,如何更好地监控网络运行情况,提高网络维护的效率,降低运营成本,提高服务质量,也成为运营商关注的重点.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks