一种新型的全光纤超短光脉冲压缩方案

文章提出了一种基于正常色散递减光纤（ND—DDF）、单模光纤（SMF）和非线性环镜（NOLM）组成的全光纤超短脉冲压缩方案。利用光脉冲在正常色散区的色散递减光纤（ND-DDF）中传输时,在脉冲的中心部分将带上较大线性正啁啾（和普通光纤相比）,当脉冲在SMF中传输时色散致啁啾对其进行补偿从而有一个脉冲压缩的过程,最后利用NOLM对压缩后的脉冲进行进一步的压缩和消基座处理。数值模拟的结果表明：半峰全宽为10ps、能量为74pJ的高斯脉冲经过1km的DDF、79m的SMF和20m的NOLM后,可以获得峰值功率为210W,半峰全宽为120fs且几乎无基座的超短脉冲。     

Simultaneous amplification and compression of ultrashort solitons in an erbium-doped nonlinear amplifying fiber loop mirror

A simple technique for simultaneous amplification and compression of ultrashort fundamental solitons is proposed. It is based on an erbium-doped nonlinear amplifying fiber loop mirror. Numerical simulations show that, unlike conventional erbium-doped fiber amplifiers in which nonlinear effects lead to serious degradation of pulse quality, the proposed device performs efficient high-quality amplification and compression of ultrashort solitons while nearly preserving the soliton nature of the input pulses. We have also studied the effects of loop characteristics, nonsoliton input pulses, and higher order fiber effects on the device performance and show that the proposed scheme is fairly insensitive to small variations in both the loop and input pulse parameters.     

Chirped Microwave Pulse Generation Based on Optical Spectral Shaping and Wavelength-to-Time Mapping Using a Sagnac Loop Mirror Incorporating a Chirped Fiber Bragg Grating

In this paper, we propose and demonstrate an approach to optically generating chirped microwave pulses with tunable chirp profile based on optical spectral shaping using a Sagnac loop filter incorporating a chirped fiber Bragg grating (CFBG) and linear wavelength-to-time mapping in a dispersive element. In the proposed approach, the optical power spectrum of an ultrashort optical pulse is shaped by a CFBG-incorporated Sagnac loop mirror that has a reflection spectral response with a linearly increasing or decreasing free spectral range. The spectrum-shaped optical pulse is then sent to a dispersive element to perform the linear wavelength-to-time mapping. A chirped microwave pulse with the pulse shape identical to that of the shaped spectrum is obtained at the output of a high-speed photodector. The central frequency and the chirp profile of the generated chirped microwave pulse can be controlled by simply tuning the time delay in the Sagnac loop mirror. A simple mathematical model to describe the chirped microwave pulse generation is developed. Numerical simulations and a proof-of-principle experiment are implemented to verify the proposed approach.      

色散渐减光纤环形镜的一种改进方法

提出了一种由常规光纤和色散渐减光纤构成的新的非线性光纤环形镜(NOLM)。研究了该结构的动力学特性，并与色散渐减光纤(DDF)构成的环形镜进行了比较。数值结果表明，该类型光纤环形镜能产生无基座高品质超短光脉冲，压缩脉冲的啁啾小，在脉冲中心处呈线性，而且获得的脉冲能在无损耗的常规光纤中长距离稳定传输。压缩脉冲的压缩因子和基座能量与输入脉冲的初始脉宽和峰值功率有关，当输入脉冲的宽度增加时，所需的光纤长度变长，压缩因子和基座能量有所下降；当输入功率增加时，所需光纤长度变短，压缩因子和基座能量增加。研究结果还显示，在较大的输入脉冲峰值功率范围内，当脉冲获得最佳压缩时，与色散渐减光纤环形镜相比，新的光纤环形镜所用光纤长度短，压缩因子高。     

Study of the output characteristics of nonlinear optical loop mirror on an erbium-doped mode-locked fiber laser

We experimentally discussed the output characteristics of a passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser using a single-mode fiber (SMF) structure as a saturable absorber (SA) based on nonlinear optic loop mirror (NOLM). The NOLM acting as an SA has properties of controllable pulse interval and pulse width. Four different types of NOLMs are experimentally discussed and the results show that fine adjustment to the coupler ratio together with optimization of the SMF length inside the NOLM can simultaneously implement high pulse energy and pulse internal tunability. The laser configuration provides a method to generate well-performing mode-locked lasing, and the investigations of the effects of changing some parameters of the laser also provide some help for the development of mode-locked fiber laser based on NOLM.     

高速光纤网络中的超短光脉冲产生技术

文章综述了高速光纤网络中的超短光脉冲产生技术及其进展,讨论了实现高效率脉冲压缩的途径,介绍了作者利用阶梯色散渐减光纤环镜代替色散渐减光纤环镜的光脉冲压缩方法的研究成果.数值计算表明,该方法的压缩效果与色散渐减光纤环镜的压缩效果基本一致,解决了色散渐减光纤制作和选择困难的问题,给系统设计带来了方便.     

基于光频梳的超短光脉冲的产生及其在光模数转换中的应用

提出并实验验证了一种基于光频梳的超短光脉冲的产生方法。使用强度调制器和相位调制器级联直接调制直流激光得到了29条顶部功率变化小于1.5dB的光频梳。利用单模光纤色散将光频梳整形成重复频率为10GHz,脉宽为2.68ps的光脉冲。并成功用于对1～4GHz信号采样,系统的信噪比可达33.83dB,等效于5.33bit的有效比特数。     

Optical Generation of Binary Phase-Coded Direct-Sequence UWB Signals Using a Multichannel Chirped Fiber Bragg Grating

A novel technique to generate binary phase-coded, direct-sequence ultra-wideband (DS-UWB) signals in the optical domain is proposed and demonstrated. In the proposed system, the wavelengths from a laser array are modulated by a Gaussian pulse, which is sent to a multichannel optical frequency discriminator, to generate a UWB monocycle or doublet pulse sequence with a predetermined phase-code pattern. By tuning the wavelengths of the laser array, or by tuning the states of polarization of the wavelengths, the generated pulse shape and code pattern can be changed. The key device in the system is the multichannel dispersive chirped fiber Bragg grating (FBG), which functions, in combination with a dispersive fiber, as a multichannel frequency discriminator with a step-increased group-delay response, to ensure the generated UWB sequence to have uniform time spacing among the chips and to compensate for the fiber-induced chromatic dispersion. The proposed scheme is experimentally demonstrated. A multichannel chirped FBG is designed and fabricated. Binary phase-coded DS-UWB signals with different code patterns are experimentally generated.      

Simultaneous 4 × 10 Gb/s NRZ-to-RZ Modulation Format Conversion in Nonlinear Optical Loop Mirror With a Photonic Crystal Fiber

Orthogonal cross-phase-modulation (XPM) scheme in a nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) is proposed to simultaneously convert four synchronized 10-Gb/s nonreturn-to-zero signals into return-to-zero (RZ) format. Modulation format conversion is achieved by using a synchronized optical control pulse train as the pulse carver in a NOLM. The control pulse train and the targeted signals are orthogonal in their states of polarization. This orthogonal nonlinear interaction substantially suppresses the undesirable four-wave mixing (FWM) induced crosstalk in the multichannel operation. Experimental demonstration of the proposed scheme shows that the suppression of the generated FWM idler is >26 dB. Error-free operation is achieved for the four converted 10-Gb/s RZ signals in a single NOLM by sharing the nonlinear XPM effect induced by the control pulse train.     

Design of photonic crystal fibers with anomalous dispersion

Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) have attracted greatattentionin recent years due to their interesting proper-ties ,such as endless single-mode operation,unique dis-persion and nonlinear characteristics[1 ,2].It has been re-ported that PCFs offer a wide range of potential applica-tions ,such as 2Rregenerators ,optical parametric ampli-fiers ,dispersioncompensationandsuper-continuumgen-eration[3].Also called holey fibers or microstructure fi-bers ,PCFs are optical fibers possessing periodic a…     

40GHz皮秒光脉冲序列光谱展宽的实验研究

实验采用具有较大正常色散值的高非线性光纤（HNLF）,应用脉冲啁啾补偿压缩技术的改进方案实现了40GHz、1．2ps光脉冲序列光谱的更大展宽。在该方案中,脉冲首先通过一定长度的HNLF,成为光谱展宽的线性正啁啾脉冲;然后经过相应长度的普通单模光纤（SMF）进行啁啾补偿压缩以重新提高峰值功率;最后进人第2段HNLF实现脉冲光谱的进一步展宽。实验结果表明,在使用相同长度HNLF（150m）和相同抽运脉冲输入条件下,改进方案10dB带宽增加了3．28nm,并且相干特性保持良好。实验表明,对于40GHz皮秒光脉冲序列,在其峰值功率受自身高重复频率限制不能被光功率放大器充分放大的情况下,该方案是实现脉冲光谱在此类HNLF中展宽的有效途径。     

Efficient coupling between laser diodes with a highly ellipticfield and single-mode fibers by means of GIO fibers

A new configuration is proposed for efficient coupling between laser diodes (LDs) with a highly elliptic field and single-mode fibers (SMFs). Graded-index oval-core (GIO) fibers were employed to match the LD and SMF field profiles. Experiments show that the coupling loss between the LD, operating at a wavelength of 980 nm with a field profile aspect ratio of 5.9, and SMF is effectively 0.6 dB. The tolerances for lateral displacements are roughly an order of magnitude larger than those in the conventional wedge-shaped lensed-fiber coupling scheme     

High compression ratio backward Raman conversion for highbrightness excimer laser systems

A scheme of backward Raman pulse compression is proposed in which the backward first Stokes pulse is amplified under stationary conditions and the backward second Stokes under transient conditions by choosing an appropriate Raman medium. The compression factor and efficiency are improved by insertion of selective absorbers for the second Stokes component. The feasibility of such a scheme is demonstrated by an experiment in which a 249-nm UV pulse of 20-ns duration has been compressed into a 30-ps pulse with an power gain of 150 and energy conversion efficiency of 22%. Higher compression ratio and higher efficiency is expected under improved conditions     

Soliton-like pulse train generation using a nonlinear optical loop mirror constructed from dispersion decreasing fiber

A nonlinear optical loop mirror constructed from dispersion decreasing fiber is used to generate a high-quality pulse train from a dual frequency beat signal. Numerical simulations show that, unlike previous techniques based on adiabatic compression in dispersion decreasing fibers which limited the repetition rates to >50 GHz, the proposed method does not use adiabatic compression and can be extended to repetition rates <20 GHz using reasonable fiber lengths.     

基于交叉相位调制的孤子脉冲压缩效应研究

在负色散区 ,基本孤子在光纤中传输时其波形与脉宽保持不变。提出一种在负色散区利用交叉相位调制效应压缩基本孤子脉冲的新方法。采用分步傅里叶方法对非线性耦合方程进行了数值计算与模拟。研究了不同抽运功率、不同抽运脉冲啁啾参数以及不同脉宽对基本孤子脉冲压缩的影响。发现基本孤子脉冲不仅能够被压缩 ,而且光纤存在最佳压缩长度。在抽运功率一定的条件下 ,选取负啁啾的抽运脉冲 ,可获得更高压缩比的压缩光脉冲。另外 ,不同的脉冲宽度对孤子脉冲的压缩产生较大的影响 ,一般情况下 ,选用较窄的抽运脉冲易于产生较短的压缩光脉冲     

高阶孤子在色散渐减光纤环中的传输特性研究

研究了高阶孤子在对称结构和不对称结构的色散渐减光纤环形镜的脉冲传输特性,比较了不同耦合系数下的色散渐减光纤环形镜的开关性能及脉冲压缩性能.得出了使色散渐减光纤环具有良好脉冲输出的耦合器系数范围,对实验中参数的选取有一定的指导意义.发现不对称结构光纤环形镜亦能产生无基座超短脉冲.     

Optical pulse compression based on stationary rescaled pulse propagation in a comblike profiled fiber

In this paper, optical pulse compression using a comblike profiled fiber (CPF) is theoretically and experimentally studied, in which highly nonlinear fibers and single-mode fibers are alternately concatenated. Stationary rescaled pulse (SRP), is the main focus, which is a recently discovered nonlinear stationary pulse in CPF. The fundamental characteristics of SRP are investigated, and SRP propagation is applied to the design of the CPF pulse compressor. Using the proposed design method, the specifications of the CPF can easily be controlled, such as the compression ratio per step of the CPF or the pedestal of the output pulse. Two experimental results of pulse compression using the CPF based on the proposed design method are shown: 1) pulse compression with a large compression ratio per step of the CPF and 2) low-pedestal and wideband wavelength-tunable compression. A parametric noise-amplification phenomenon occurring in a compression process for an optical pulse sequence is also numerically analyzed.     

On pulse compression in dispersive media

A comparison between three methods used for the synthesis of suitable signals which result in pulse compression, when transmitted through dispersive media, is presented. These are the equalization of group-time delay method, the space-time rays method, and the matched-signal method. The three methods are shown to be equivalent if the signals are restricted to be frequency-modulated with uniform envelopes. A generalized expression for the requited frequency modulation law for pulse compression in an inhomogeneous dispersive medium is obtained. Considerations for lossy dispersive media and additional optimization of the signal envelope are also discussed.     

采用萨尼亚克环的外腔半导体激光器无调制稳频技术

提出了一种基于相位差偏置萨尼亚克环的新型外腔半导体激光（ECDL）无调制稳频方法,采用偏振分束器（PBS）作为萨尼亚克环的输入及输出端,并利用1/4波片在环内沿相反方向传播的偏振方向互相垂直的两束光之间引入/2的相位差（）,萨尼亚克环的输出光经过起偏器可以分解得到由Rb的饱和吸收峰引起的色散相移,通过这种方法可以得到适合稳频的误差信号。相比现有的利用全内反射引入相位差（sin=0.64）的方法,色散信号放大系数sin的值可达到理论最大值,有效地提高了误差信号的强度,这种方法简单、稳健,且在原子物理实验等方面具有潜在应用。