聚合物基石墨烯纳米复合材料的研究进展

聚合物基石墨烯纳米复合材料是近年来开发的新型聚合物基复合材料,将具有独特结构和优异性能的石墨烯添加到聚合物中,可以显著提高聚合物基体的导电导热能力和力学性能。首先简要介绍石墨烯的结构、性能和制备方法,然后重点综述聚合物基石墨烯纳米复合材料的制备以及其在导电导热性能和力学性能等方面的最新研究进展。     

聚丙烯/石墨烯纳米复合材料的研究进展

石墨烯是一种具有优异性能的二维碳纳米材料。近年来,将石墨烯作为纳米填料来制备高性能聚合物基纳米复合材料是聚合物研究领域的热点。综述了近几年来聚丙烯/石墨烯纳米复合材料的研究进展,并对复合材料的应用前景进行了展望。     

聚合物基氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料研究进展

氧化石墨烯作为石墨烯的重要衍生物,原料来源广泛,制备过程简单,成本低廉,具有优异力学性能、耐磨性能以及吸附性能等,其还原产物具有优良的导电性能和导热性能等,是聚合物基纳米复合材料的理想填料。近年来,随着复合材料制备方法的不断革新,聚合物基氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料得到了快速发展,并在储能、阻燃等领域实现了规模化应用,有助于引领聚合物基氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料相关产品的进一步开发和应用。本文系统介绍了氧化石墨烯的改性方法,综述了聚合物基氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料的研究进展,展望了聚合物基氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料的发展前景。     

文摘

聚合物基石墨烯纳米复合材料的研究进展【刊,中】,张建,,化工新型材料．2012,40（8）：8—10 综述了聚合物基石墨烯及改性石墨烯纳米复合材料的研究进展。添加少量的石墨烯就可以显著提高聚合物材料各方面性能。近年来石墨烯得到了学术界和工业界的高度关注,石墨烯、氧化石墨烯的改性,以及聚合物基石墨烯纳米复合材料被广泛研究。通过广泛的文献阅读对聚合物基石墨烯纳米复合材料的结构、制备方法以及性能进行了深入探讨。     

石墨烯/聚合物纳米复合材料制备与微波吸收性能研究进展

二维片状的石墨烯不仅具有优异的力学、热学和电学性能,而且还具有较好的微波吸收特性。自它被发现以来,一直受到科学界的广泛关注,目前已有学者将其与聚合物复合,制备了石墨烯/聚合物纳米复合材料,这种新型微波吸收材料不仅吸波效果好而且密度小、易加工。目前石墨烯/聚合物纳米复合材料用于微波吸收的报道还比较少,该研究基本处于起步阶段。本文首先概述了石墨烯独特的物理结构和优异的力学、热学、电学性能,然后综述了石墨烯/聚合物纳米复合材料的制备方法,并分析了其微波吸收机理,最后结合国内外研究现状展望了石墨烯/聚合物纳米复合材料制备与微波吸收性能研究的发展方向,指出调控复合材料的微观形貌,对石墨烯进行磁性掺杂,探索石墨烯与聚合物微波吸收的协同效应将成为今后研究的重点和热点。     

石墨烯/陶瓷基复合材料研究进展

2004年以来,石墨烯以其优异的力学、电学、热学和光学性能以及独特的二维结构成为材料领域的研究热点。本文结合作者所在课题组的相关工作,综述了石墨烯应用于陶瓷基复合材料的国内外研究进展,重点介绍了石墨烯/陶瓷复合粉体的制备、石墨烯/陶瓷基复合材料的烧结工艺以及性能,探讨了石墨烯/陶瓷基复合材料的研究发展方向及应用前景。     

石墨烯在聚合物复合材料中的应用研究进展

综述了石墨烯的合成和表征方法,以及提高聚合物与石墨烯相互作用的方法,强调了功能化修饰石墨烯的重要性及其与聚合物混合后形成的热固性复合材料的性能。石墨烯的研究方向主要包括基于石墨烯的纳米复合材料的制备及改性、具有特殊性能的石墨烯改性热固性聚合物复合材料等。分析了环氧基树脂/石墨烯复合材料的合成与性能,功能化修饰石墨烯的方法,以及石墨烯改性热固性聚合物复合材料中界面的作用及其对复合材料整体性能的影响。     

石墨烯在聚合物复合材料中的应用

石墨烯具有独特的结构和优异的性能,在改善聚合物的热性能、力学性能和电性能等方面具有很大的潜力,已成为聚合物复合材料研究的热点.本文在阐述石墨烯结构、特性及其制备方法的基础上,对石墨烯改性聚合物复合材料方面的研究进展进行了综述,并展望了石墨烯-聚合物复合材料的发展前景及研究方向.     

水处理应用石墨烯分离膜的制备工艺研究进展

从石墨烯基分离膜的结构和功能角度出发,阐述了纳米孔石墨烯分离膜、氧化石墨烯(GO)片层堆叠分离膜及GO聚合物复合膜的制备方法,分析了该领域面临的问题及应用前景,石墨烯及其衍生物具有特殊的选择分离特性,是制备新一代水处理膜的研究热点。认为现有制备工艺仍然存在不足和缺陷,设计和调控纳米孔道是实现低污染、高通量的重要手段,在实现大规模制备的同时保证膜的分离性能、如何从绿色的角度出发制备复合膜,是未来的研究方向。     

负载型石墨烯基纳米复合材料摩擦学研究现状及发展趋势

石墨烯基由于优异的性能,受到了广泛的关注.在较为全面的掌握其基本的性能之后,如何将石墨烯基与其他材料进行复合,制备新型材料以进一步促进相关研究领域的发展成了新的方向.综述单粒子、多粒子、不同形貌、离子液体4类石墨烯基纳米复合材料的制备与摩擦学性能,通过介绍负载型石墨烯基纳米复合材料在摩擦领域的研究与应用为下一步研究提供了重要参考.通过与传统润滑材料对比,石墨烯基纳米复合材料在作为润滑材料时展现出了优异的性能,对相关领域研究具有重要意义.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。