Dynamic stress analysis of sewage centrifugal pump impeller based on two-way coupling method

Current research on the operational reliability of centrifugal pumps has mainly focused on hydrodynamic instability. However, the interaction between the fluid and structure has not been sufficiently considered; this interaction can cause vibration and dynamic stress, which can affect the reliability. In this study, the dynamic stresses in a single-blade centrifugal pump impeller are analysed under different operating conditions; the two-way coupling method is used to calculate the fluid-structure interaction. Three-dimensional unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are solved with the SST k-o9 turbulence model for the fluid in the whole flow passage, while transient structure dynamic analysis is used with the finite element method for the structure side. The dynamic stresses in the rotor system are computed according to the fourth strength theory. The stress results show that the highest stress is near the loose bearing and that the equivalent stress increases with the flow rate because the dynamic stresses are closely related to the pressure load. The stress distributions on the blade pressure side, suction side, leading edge, and trailing edge are each analysed for different flow rates; the highest stress distribution is found on the pressure side. On the blade pressure side, a relatively large stress is found near the trailing edge and hub side. Based on these results, a stress distribution prediction method is proposed for centrifugal pumps, which considers the interaction between the fluid and structuxe. The method can be used to check the dynamic stress at different flow rates when optimising the pump design to increase the pump reliability.     

3D Particle image velocimetry test of inner flow in a double blade pump impeller

The double blade pump is widely used in sewage treatment industry,however,the research on the internal flow characteristics of the double blade pump with particle image velocimetry(PIV) technology is very little at present.To reveal inner flow characteristics in double blade pump impeller under off-design and design conditions,inner flows in a double blade pump impeller,whose specific speed is 111,are measured under the five off-design conditions and design condition by using 3D PIV test technology.In order to ensure the accuracy of the 3D PIV test,the external trigger synchronization system which makes use of fiber optic and equivalent calibration method are applied.The 3D PIV relative velocity synthesis procedure is compiled by using Visual C++ 2005.Then absolute velocity distribution and relative velocity distribution in the double blade pump impeller are obtained.Test results show that vortex exists in each condition,but the location,size and velocity of vortex core are different.Average absolute velocity value of impeller outlet increases at first,then decreases,and then increases again with increase of flow rate.Again average relative velocity values under 0.4,0.8,and 1.2 design condition are higher than that under 1.0 design condition,while under 0.6 and 1.4 design condition it is lower.Under low flow rate conditions,radial vectors of absolute velocities at impeller outlet and blade inlet near the pump shaft decrease with increase of flow rate,while that of relative velocities at the suction side near the pump shaft decreases.Radial vectors of absolute velocities and relative velocities change slightly under the two large flow rate conditions.The research results can be applied to instruct the hydraulic optimization design of double blade pumps.     

离心式液氢泵的动力特性与传热特性分析

对输运液氢的离心式液氢泵进行低温结构设计与动力单元分析,叶轮是速度能转变为压力能获得高压流体的重要部件,对离心泵的稳定输出特性有较大的影响。其中,转子(包括转轴和叶轮)是连动部件,也属于低温泵结构性传热部件。对应用于储运系统的某小流量高压头的离心式液氢泵的叶轮和转轴部件,进行功能分区,利用CFD内嵌模块对其进行数值计算。根据运行系统中输送载荷,对低温条件下的转子部件进行热-结构耦合瞬态应力应变分析,获得其动力特性;采用流固耦合方法,对叶轮区的流体域进行数值计算,分析不同流体载荷下叶轮表面应力分布;对低温离心泵轴-叶轮的传热区进行设计,分析低温-室温隔热效果,为离心式液氢泵的设计研发、结构优化和性能改进提供理论依据和参考。     

双向轴流泵装置性能预测与内部流动分析

对一采用S形叶片的双向轴流泵装置进行数值研究,在不同流量工况条件下分析泵的正、反向运转性能,对该泵的瞬时启动过程进行了监测并对泵内的非定常空化现象进行了分析。研究表明,正、反向运转时,泵的性能存在明显的差异,反向的扬程和效率均高于正向;在泵正向启动过程中,叶轮背面进口边产生空化区,反向运转时未发生明显的空化现象;两种运转模式下,叶轮进出口断面上压力脉动特征频率分布相似,但叶轮进口的压力脉动幅值较高。     

多级离心泵转子的流固耦合特性及试验分析

针对高功率密度液体多级离心泵的高速化发展带来的流固耦合及临界转速等问题,根据流固耦合计算方法,并应用Ansys软件系统对流场网格进行划分和边界条件设定,然后进行数值模拟计算。计算结果表明:首级叶轮到后部末级叶轮应力、应变和变形呈增大趋势,这符合多级泵叶轮受力分布的实际情况,流固耦合相对于重力来说发挥了更显著的作用。可以看出流固耦合后转子固有频率降低,并且阶数越高,下降幅度越大,旋转软化效应对第一阶弯振影响较小,而对二、三、四阶的影响逐渐增强,且随转速均匀增加,弯振频率均匀变化。试验测试结果与仿真结果具有较好的一致性,反映了仿真数据的正确性。     

流固耦合作用对轴流泵内部流场影响的数值计算

采用雷诺时均Navier-Stokes方程和RNG k-ε双方程湍流模型,基于弹性体结构动力学方程,对轴流泵内部流场和叶轮结构响应进行多工况双向同步耦合求解,研究了流固耦合作用对轴流泵内部流场的影响。结果表明:考虑流固耦合作用后,叶片工作面和背面的压差有所减小,说明叶片性能有所下降;叶片出口处的二次回流现象有所加剧;计算得到的轴流泵水力性能参数更加接近试验值,说明考虑流固耦合后的流场更加接近于真实流场。     

轴流泵叶轮内部流场大涡模拟及分析

本文将大涡模拟与基于特征线的有限元分离算法相结合,对轴流泵叶轮内部流场进行了数值分析.为验证算法的准确性和可靠性,对NACA0012翼型在雷诺数Re=800下且攻角为20°时的绕流流动进行计算,成功得到了该流动的双解,计算值与直接数值模拟结果相符.大涡模拟计算得到的轴流泵外特性曲线与y试验数据基本吻合,特别在偏离工况下能较好地反映泵的能量特性,表明大涡模拟有较好的工程应用前景.分析了叶轮的进出口流场速度分布及叶片表面的压力脉动,发现小流量工况时叶轮轮缘附近存在叶道涡和较强的压力脉动,此现象与导水锥段收缩流道造成的叶轮进口轴向速度非均匀分布有关.     

高温熔盐泵中分流叶片对结构动力特性的影响

为研究分流叶片对高温熔盐泵结构动力特性的影响规律,以IS50-32-160型低比转数高温熔盐泵为研究对象。对有/无分流叶片方案不同工作温度、不同工况下的泵转子进行基于ANSYS Workbench的数值计算,分析了泵内部的应力、变形和模态分布规律。研究结果表明:添加分流叶片后,叶轮的等效应力明显减小,说明分流叶片能够有效提高叶轮的承载能力;分流叶片使得转子的变形情况也得到一定的改善,从而降低了叶轮变形对内部流场的影响,且叶轮内的变形分布变得更均匀,从而可减轻泵转子的振动;同时,不同工作温度对泵转子的固有频率及各阶振型影响均不大。     

The characteristics investigation under the unsteady cavitation condition in a centrifugal pump

Numerical simulation and experimental method are combined to investigate the pump inlet and outlet pressure fluctuations, the vibration characteristics and the internal flow instabilities under the unsteady cavitation condition in a centrifugal pump. It is found that the unsteady cavitation starts to generate as the NPSHa is lower than 5.93 m. Apparent asymmetric and uneven cavity volume distribution on each blade and in the impeller can be observed as the NPSHa decreases from 4.39 m to 1.44 m, which includes the cavitation develops from cavitation surge, rotating cavitation to asymmetric cavitation. The flow vortexes in each blade channel are produced in the cavity trailing edges by the shedding and collapse of cavitation, which interfere with each other and aggravate the flow instabilities. The dominant frequencies of the pump inlet and outlet pressure fluctuations are the shaft frequency and blade passing frequency under the unsteady cavitation conditions, respectively. Broadband pulses are obtained from both the pump inlet and outlet pressure pulsations, which results from the random shedding and collapse of unsteady cavitation bubbles. Obvious corresponding relationship between the root mean squares of the vibration measured in different positions and the suction performance curve is found under both the non-cavitation and unsteady cavitation conditions.

     

液电混合直线驱动系统耦合特性及位置控制

液压系统与电-机械系统是广泛应用于航空航天、工业、非道路移动机械等领域的两种不同驱动方案。在实际中,两者通常单独使用,电-机械驱动方案能效高,但承载能力弱,液压驱动方案功率密度大、动态响应快,但能量效率低。为此,结合两个驱动方案优点,集成设计电-机械执行器与液压缸,构建一种新型液电混合直线驱动系统,分析系统工作原理及两个非相似驱动子系统耦合特性、力纷争现象及其影响。在此基础上,提出一种电-机械驱动单元运动控制与液压驱动单元力控制的调控方案。研究结果表明,采用所提调控方案可减轻两个非相似驱动子系统耦合作用,在液压阀低压损的同时,可获得良好的位置控制特性。新型液电混合直线驱动系统将为液压系统和电-机械系统的进一步发展提供新思路。     

基于流场计算的螺旋离心泵叶轮静力学分析

为研究螺旋离心泵叶轮结构的振动特性,首先建立螺旋离心泵内部流场三维模型,对设计工况下的螺旋离心泵内流场进行了定常数值模拟,得到了叶片表面的压力载荷分布;建立叶轮有限元模型,以螺旋离心泵全流道三维定常数值模拟计算结果为基础,利用顺序耦合技术进行了有预应力的叶轮静应力分析和模态分析,结果表明:叶轮的最大应力出现在叶片进口的轮毂处,叶轮强度满足设计要求;叶轮最大的形变区域出现在叶片进口的轮缘处;叶轮的变形域随着频率的增加而增大;叶轮的各阶固有频率远大于泵的运行频率,因此在运行过程中不易发生共振现象。     

基于CFX的导叶与叶片间距对泵装置性能改变的研究

基于CFX采用数值模拟方法计算轴流泵导叶进口边与叶轮叶片出口边的平行间距S的变化对泵装置性能的影响。在质量守恒定理和动量守恒定理的基础上,应用Navier-Stoke方程和标准k-ε湍流模型,通过对轴流泵全流道三维湍流数值模拟,求解了导叶出口处的速度场和压力场。分析了S=9mm,S=12mm,S=15mm 3种情况下,流量、扬程、功率和效率的关系,研究了轴流泵导叶进口边与叶轮叶片出口边的平行间距的变化对泵装置性能的影响。     

离心式压缩机叶轮的结构与应力

评述了叶轮与应力分布的关系，提出了在轴盘上使用“导力锥”可以对轴盘的强度及转子进行临界转速调控的新观念，并研究了轮盖应力和叶片进口斜角的关系及叶轮的最大应力点也可以出现在轴盘上的条件与原因。     

S形下卧式轴伸贯流泵装置叶片区压力脉动特性研究

为研究S形下卧式轴伸贯流泵装置叶片区压力脉动特性,采用非定常CFD方法对不同工况时泵装置进行了全流道三维非定常流场数值计算,通过在叶片区设置监测点以获得叶片区关键位置的压力脉动数据,并进行频谱分析。通过与实测泵装置扬程和效率对比,证明该方法能较准确地反映泵装置内部非定常流动特征。研究表明:高效工况和大流量工况时,转轮进口和出口的脉动幅值从轮缘向轮毂侧逐渐减小,小流量工况时未呈现该规律,各工况时转轮进口和出口脉动主频受叶频控制。流量系数KQ在(0.368~0.552)范围内转轮进口处同一监测点的压力脉动幅值随流量增大而降低,转轮与导叶体间的脉动幅值随流量的增加先减小后增大,在高效工况附近脉动相对最小。导叶体出口的压力脉动主频受叶频的影响较小,未与导叶体叶片数成规律。     

Numerical investigation of two-phase flow characteristics in multiphase pump with split vane impellers

Multiphase pump is a cost-effective option for subsea oil and gas field development. The ability to handle different inlet gas volume fractions (GVFs) especially high inlet GVF is critical to the development of pump performance. In this study, the two-phase flow characteristics in normal impeller and split vane impeller at different inlet GVFs were investigated by steady numerical simulations. The gas distribution on blade-to-blade plane and meridional flow channel at different inlet GVFs were analyzed and compared. Gas accumulation area and movement characteristics of the gas-liquid flow in impeller flow passage were also pointed out by unsteady simulations. Experimental results of the pump differential pressure were compared with the numerical simulation results, to validate the accuracy of numerical simulation method. The flow characteristics in pump with modified impeller and its performance at different inlet GVFs were both compared with that of the normal impeller. The steady simulation results of normal impeller in different inlet GVFs show that gas concentrating area in the flow passage increases as inlet GVF grows. The unsteady simulation results indicate that gas pocket firstly occurs on the pressure side of impeller, then moves to the suction side in the middle area of blade and finally transfers to outlet of impeller and disappears. The errors between numerical simulation results and experiment data are below 10 %, which validated the feasibility of the numerical simulation method. Simulation results on the split vane impeller demonstrate that the gas accumulation area in flow passage of the modified impeller is dramatically decreased compared to that of the normal impeller. The performance of the modified impeller is generally better than the normal impeller especially in high inlet GVF conditions.

     

颗粒性质对叶片圆盘泵叶轮内颗粒分布的影响

为研究颗粒性质对颗粒在叶片圆盘泵叶轮内分布规律的影响,将叶片圆盘泵叶轮分为无叶区和叶片区,采用多重参考坐标系法模拟流体在叶片区和无叶区内的流动。采用Eulerian多相流模型、RNG k-ε湍流模型与SIMPLEC算法,利用Fluent软件对叶片圆盘泵内固液两相湍流进行数值模拟。对不同直径、不同浓度及不同密度颗粒在叶轮叶片区和无叶区的分布及颗粒在叶轮表面分布规律进行分析。结果表明:颗粒密度和颗粒直径对颗粒分布影响较大,颗粒密度、粒径越大,颗粒越难被液相带动加速而处在液相相对速度较慢的无叶区,随着颗粒密度、粒径的增大,叶轮表面颗粒浓度分布变化趋缓;颗粒浓度对颗粒在无叶区和叶片区分布影响较小;叶片表面颗粒浓度大于轮盘表面颗粒浓度,从动轮上轮盘表面和叶片表面颗粒浓度要小于相应主动轮表面颗粒浓度。     

离心泵叶轮流固耦合分析

基于流固耦合原理对离心泵叶轮进行结构分析,采用多物理场协同仿真平台ANSYS Workbench,基于单向流固耦合技术对离心泵叶轮结构进行了仿真计算,获得了离心泵叶轮在不同工况下的等效应力及变形情况,分析了叶轮最大等效应力和最大总变形随流量的变化情况。结果表明,各工况下叶轮应力分布不均且存在局部应力集中;叶轮变形的总位移随半径的增大不断变大,并在叶轮边缘达到最大值。叶轮最大等效应力随流量的增加不断减小,在0.4倍设计流量工况下最大为10.581MPa;叶轮最大总变形随流量的增加先减小后增大,在设计流量工况下最小为0.0028669mm。计算结果对离心泵叶轮的结构优化设计提供了数值依据。     

叶片进口修缘对离心泵汽蚀性能影响的数值计算与试验研究

为了改善离心泵的汽蚀性能,根据经验,确定了两种叶片进口修缘形式。首先通过原型泵的外特性试验,确定了能量性能和汽蚀性能曲线。基于完整空化模型和混合流体两相流模型,对原型泵运行工况下叶轮内空化流动进行全流道数值计算。预测得到原型泵能量性能和汽蚀性能曲线,与试验曲线吻合良好;同时得到汽蚀发生过程中叶轮流道内空化发展的静态特征,与理论相符。故采用相同的数值分析方法对两种叶片进口修缘后的叶轮进行分析,分析表明：进口修缘后泵的汽蚀性能得到了提高,叶片进口工作面修缘形状越接近流线型,泵的汽蚀性能越好。对较好修缘形式的泵进行试验,得到其能量性能曲线和汽蚀性能曲线,数值分析与试验研究的曲线吻合,修缘后泵的临界汽蚀余量得到改善。研究结果对离心泵汽蚀改善的方法具有一定的指导意义。     

基于正交设计法的中比转速泵无过载优化设计

以D82-19-2型中比转速离心泵为研究对象,选取导叶喉部面积、叶片数、叶片包角、叶轮出口直径、叶轮出口宽度、叶片出口角、叶轮进口直径7个参数为变量,运用正交设计法制定七因素三水平正交方案L18(37),借助数值模拟方法对泵的性能进行预测,通过分析得到了几何参数对中比转速离心泵性能影响的主次顺序:叶片数对扬程和效率的影响起主要作用,叶片包角对轴功率的影响起主要作用;正交优化方案的数值模拟结果表明,该方案既满足无过载性能的要求,又保持了较高的效率,可为中比转速离心泵无过载设计提供参考。     

基于动网格技术的减振器流通阀片仿真分析

液力减振器流通阀片与减振液间的微观、高频的流固耦合作用机理非常复杂,决定着液力减振器的阻尼特性和异响发生。为深入分析这种流固耦合作用机理,文章建立了液力减振器流通阀片的力学模型,采用ANSYSCFX软件并结合其动网格技术,对液力减振器流通阀片在正弦进口速度载荷条件下的动力学特性进行仿真分析,得到了减振器流通阀片的振动特性,并进行了减振器噪声台架试验。结果表明,采用动网格技术能够较好地实现液力减振器流通阀片的仿真分析和计算。