ZnO压电薄膜微悬臂梁的结构设计及研究

当压力作用在ZnO压电薄膜微悬臂梁上时,产生电荷量的大小将直接决定压电传感器灵敏度的高低.根据等效截面法,推导了复合微悬臂梁所受的作用力与其产生电荷量的关系方程,为传感器标定和力的测量提供理论依据,并依据此转换方程,对压电微悬臂梁的结构尺寸进行比较分析,以提高传感器的灵敏度和分辨率.此研究为压电微悬臂梁压力传感器的结构优化设计提供了一定的参考.     

Design and analysis of micro-mass sensor based on I-shaped cross-section cantilever

压电式微质量传感器的测试精度直接依赖于结构频率对质量变化的灵敏程度.本文利用对称槽型梁和压电薄膜组成的对称敏感结构,提出了一种提高传感器灵敏度的结构设计方法,并设计了一种高精度谐振式微质量传感器.建立了结构频率变化对吸附质量敏感性的分析模型,并研究了槽型截面参数、自振频率及振动模态对灵敏度的影响.与矩形截面结构进行了仿真与实验对比,结果表明,相同几何尺寸参数下,槽型截面悬臂梁的一阶自振频率为1 851 Hz,矩形截面悬臂梁的一阶自振频率为1 610 Hz,相应的传感器灵敏度则分别为3.12×104 Hz/g和1.5×104 Hz/g,前者是后者的2倍.该项设计为提高微质量传感器灵敏度提供了一种新思路.     

压电微悬臂梁传感器性能的数值模拟研究

基于力-电双向耦合理论,采用有限元方法,数值模拟研究压电微悬臂梁的灵敏度,并进行参数分析,为设计性能优良的悬臂梁提供理论依据。理论分析微悬臂梁在空气和液体中的共振频率和自身结构参数的定量关系,灵敏度与共振频率变化量、被测物质量的关系,通过数值模拟得到悬臂梁长度、宽度、厚度及共振阶数对微质量检测压电悬臂梁灵敏度的影响。在长期研究OPCM压电传感材料的基础上,进一步提出纵向振动的OPCM材料制作悬臂梁,数值模拟结果表明OPCM比PZT悬臂梁具有更高的灵敏度。数值模拟结果为设计性能优良的悬臂梁提供理论依据。     

基于槽式悬臂梁结构的微质量传感器设计

压电式微质量传感器的测试精度直接依赖于结构频率对质量变化的灵敏程度。本文利用对称槽型梁和压电薄膜组成的对称敏感结构,提出了一种提高传感器灵敏度的结构设计方法,并设计了一种高精度谐振式微质量传感器。建立了结构频率变化对吸附质量敏感性的分析模型,并研究了槽型截面参数、自振频率及振动模态对灵敏度的影响。与矩形截面结构进行了仿真与实验对比,结果表明,相同几何尺寸参数下,槽型截面悬臂梁的一阶自振频率为1 851 Hz,矩形截面悬臂梁的一阶自振频率为1 610 Hz,相应的传感器灵敏度则分别为3.12×10⁴ Hz/g和1.5×10⁴ Hz/g,前者是后者的2倍。该项设计为提高微质量传感器灵敏度提供了一种新思路。     

基于构型优化的高阶模态微质量传感器灵敏度提升方法

高灵敏度是微质量传感器准确探测细菌、病毒和气体等物质的关键指标。虽然借助微型化的高阶模态梁振动可以有效提升探测灵敏度,但微尺度效应也降低了传感器的抗环境干扰能力。因此,如何在特定尺度约束下提升高阶模态传感器的灵敏度已成为谐振式微传感器设计的前沿问题。本文在研究弹性梁几何构型、压电层尺寸与有效质量分布对振动模态影响关系的基础上,建立了压电驱动多阶梯梁式微质量传感器的灵敏度分析模型,以传感器灵敏度提升最大为目标,建立了高阶振动模态下悬臂梁几何构型优化设计模型,得到了在不同振动模态下具有最高灵敏度的悬臂梁构型,使同尺寸传感器的灵敏度提升了10.0~15.0倍。考虑驱动位置与制造成本约束,设计并研制了具有六阶梯梁结构的高阶模态微质量传感器。实验结果表明,总长度为17.6mm的六阶梯梁微质量传感器的灵敏度为18.8×10~4 Hz/g,考虑制造误差的影响,其二阶模态灵敏度为同尺寸等截面梁传感器的10.0倍,较一阶模态同尺寸传感器灵敏度提升了19.8倍,从而验证了所提出的高阶模态微质量传感器灵敏度提升方法的有效性和可行性。     

Ansys在PZT压电薄膜微传感器压电分析中的应用

研究的PZT压电薄膜微传感器采用的弹性敏感元件为微悬臂梁结构,在压电原理和材料力学理论的基础上,采用简化的等效微器件结构建立了数学分析模型,将有限元方法发展应用于压电材料的结构分析中,并运用有限元软件Ansys7.0对PZT压电薄膜微悬臂梁结构的传感性能和线性度进行了模拟,同时分析了微悬臂梁结构的几何参数对输出电压的影响,这些分析结果和解析预测是一致的。     

不锈钢基压电厚膜微悬臂梁传感器的制作与测试

制备了不锈钢基底压电厚膜微悬臂梁传感器。利用精密激光加工技术制备了厚度为100μm的不锈钢微悬臂梁基底,由于不锈钢具有良好的导电性,可以作微悬臂梁传感器的下电极,采用模板辅助电雾化沉积技术在不锈钢微悬臂梁基底上制备了厚度为20μm的致密PZT厚膜,利用磁控溅射技术制备了30/200 nm厚的Ti/Pt上电极,最终形成了压电厚膜微悬臂梁传感器。多普勒激光测振实验表明,在20 V的激励电压下,压电厚膜微悬臂梁谐振频率为19 kHz。     

悬臂梁式环形谐振腔微压传感器的研究

针对传统微压传感器灵敏度低、体积大的问题,提出了一种新型悬臂梁式环形谐振腔微压传感器。首先理论分析了悬臂梁式环形谐振腔微压传感器的工作原理,然后对悬臂梁结构进行了建模仿真,同时也确定了悬臂梁和环形谐振腔的最佳结构参数,最后利用MEMS工艺在SOI材料上制备了该新型传感器。利用光学耦合测试平台,对所加工的环形谐振腔进行性能测试,实验测得环形谐振腔的Q值为7.75×10~4,传感器的灵敏度为31 pm/k Pa,可以满足微压传感器高灵敏度的要求。     

梯形变截面悬臂梁式质量传感器设计与分析EI北大核心CSCD

谐振式微质量传感器的灵敏度取决于弹性元件的几何尺寸和结构形式。单纯依靠结构尺寸微型化方法已难以满足传感器工程实用性的要求,因而需要探索新的改善传感器性能的方法。在保证传感器外形尺寸不变的基础上,提出通过改变弹性梁的表面形状(梯形)和截面构型(槽型)来进一步提升传感器灵敏度的新方法,建立了基于槽型变截面弹性梁的传感器灵敏度分析模型,分析了影响传感器灵敏度的关键设计因素,得到了结构设计参数、自振频率及灵敏度之间的关系表达式。仿真结果表明,在相同外形尺寸参数下,矩形截面悬臂梁传感器的自振频率和质量检测灵敏度为1 254.2 Hz和9.8×103Hz/g,槽型变截面悬臂梁传感器的自振频率和灵敏度为1 776.1 Hz和38.0×103Hz/g。相对于矩形截面梁传感器,灵敏度提高了287.8%,从而验证了提出的灵敏度提升方法的有效性和可行性。     

含多个压电元件智能悬臂梁的横向振动特性

本文以含多个压电元件的悬臂梁为例,基于Bernoulli-Euler梁的阶梯折算法,结合压电智能悬臂梁段的等效弹性模量理论,计算了多个压电元件的悬臂梁的固有频率和振型,并与有限元和等截面梁的计算结果进行比较。计算分析表明,压电材料尺寸和位置变化对智能悬臂梁结构的横向振动特性具有显著的影响,分析结论对高速飞行器结构设计和主动振动控制中压电元件的优化布置有实用价值。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.