基于2DFLD的手背静脉识别算法

手背静脉识别技术采用非接触式,为了避免在采集图片时由于手背的旋转和平移给识别带来干扰,提出一种手背静脉有效区域的定位方法,在手背截取出一个包含静脉信息最多的矩形。该算法主要利用基于不变特征点的图像定位方法来寻找手背外侧边缘的特征点,然后定位分割出手背静脉有效区域的图像。实验证明该算法具有自适应性,定位准确,速度快。由于经典的Fisher线性判别算法类内散度矩阵通常会是奇异的,提出一种基于二维Fisher线性判别(2DFLD)的手背静脉识别方法。该方法直接进行图像矩阵投影,避免高维运算。对于手背静脉图像库,用2DFLD方法提取静脉特征空间,再将测试图像投影到该特征子空间上,最后用最近邻欧氏距离方法进行匹配。实验结果表明,该方法识别率达98%。     

构造化线段特征矩阵的手写汉字识别

本文介绍了一种利用线段特征矩阵进行匹配的手写汉字识别方法。对输入文字图像测定其笔划宽度，抽取四个方向子图像。然后，利用文字图像重心分割图像成若干区域，按分割的区域，求各子图像区域的线段特征矩阵，与样本字库比较识别，进行手写汉字识别分类。实验表明本方法是有效的。     

条件随机场像素建模与深度特征融合的目标区域分割算法

针对已有的基于深度神经网络的目标区域分割算法在目标边界分割效果中存在的问题,提出融合图像像素信息与图像语义信息的目标区域分割算法.首先通过加入注意力模块的深度神经网络提取图像语义级别的信息,得到图像语义级别的全局特征;然后利用条件随机场模型对图像局部区域进行像素级别建模,得到图像的局部细节特征;最后综合利用图像的局部细节特征和图像的全局特征,得到目标区域的分割结果.实验结果表明,与已有的算法相比,该算法能够更好地分割出目标的边界区域,抑制边界区域分割粗糙的问题,得到较准确的目标分割区域.     

判别性信息增强的行人再识别

在行人再识别中,由相机风格及视角变化造成的行人外观差异严重影响了模型的性能.为缓解该现象,提出一种判别性信息增强的行人再识别方法.该方法由辅助子网络、主干子网络以及时空信息嵌入三部分构成.首先,在辅助子网络中实现不同视角行人图像的风格转换以减少风格差异对性能的影响.为增强特征的判别性,将原图特征和迁移图像特征进行拼接.此外,在主干子网络中通过局部特征迫使主干子网络在关注全局特征的同时,能更多利用局部具有鉴别性的信息.最后,引入行人的时空信息来缓解难样本对识别性能造成的影响.通过实验证明所提算法性能优于大部分主流方法,消融实验也验证了所提算法的有效性.     

基于字符图像分割的打印文件识别方法

针对目前的打印文件识别方法受限于样本中必须有相同字符的问题,提出一种基于字符图像分割的打印文件识别方法。通过k-means算法对字符图像进行分割,分别对不同区域提取局部二值模式纹理特征,从而消除字符结构对识别结果的影响。研究了单一区域的特征集和组合特征集的分类识别效果,实验结果表明,该方法在样本中无相同字符的情况下,能够得到较高的识别准确率。     

基于局部信息统计的人耳识别方法

提出了一种基于局部信息统计的人耳识别方法。该方法将一幅人耳图像分成若干个子区域,分别提取每个子区域的分类特征,将各个子区域的特征串联为一个特征向量构筑人耳特征矢量,更加全面描述了人耳图像的局部与结构信息,应用最近邻分类器进行模式分类。采用三种不同的特征提取方法,以USTB人耳图像库对算法进行测试,实验结果表明,与全局信息比较同种方法识别率提高30%以上,验证了局部信息方法的有效性。     

基于残差时移模块和双流网络的手语识别方法

目前存在的手语识别方法中,多模态图像被广泛使用,但多模态数据形式复杂,不易操作。此外,现存的手语识别方法无法有效聚合全局与运动区域局部信息。基于改善手语识别方法的目的,论文提出了一种仅使用RGB图像的基于残差时移模块与双流网络的手语识别方法。双流网络两分支改进为全局图像分支与运动区域局部分支,运动区域局部分支采用语义分割算法进行运动区域分割,解决了以往运动区域难以定位的问题。两分支通过数据融合将全局与局部信息有效聚合。在SLR500开源数据集上进行实验,该方法获得高达94.7%的识别率。     

基于分块脊波变换的手背静脉识别算法

提出一种分块提取局部方向特征,并将所有特征融合的静脉识别算法．首先,静脉图像经预处理后,利用改进的细化算法对获得的二值图像进行细化处理,得到了静脉的骨架信息;其次,将细化后的静脉图像进行分块,对分块后所有的子图像进行脊波变换,并对脊波分解系数进行主成分分析(PCA)降维,得到静脉图像的特征向量;最后,基于图像特征向量,利用支持向量机(SVM)对静脉图像进行分类匹配．试验表明,该算法获得的静脉图像特征具有较高的区分度,识别效果受图像采集和预处理过程出现的误差影响较小,正确识别率可达到97%以上．     

用于遥感舰船细粒度检测与识别的关键子区域融合网络

目的 遥感图像中的舰船目标细粒度检测与识别在港口海域监视以及情报搜集等应用中有很高的实际应用价值,但遥感图像中不同种类的舰船目标整体颜色、形状与纹理特征相近,分辨力不足,导致舰船细粒度识别困难。针对该问题,提出了一种端到端的基于关键子区域特征的舰船细粒度检测与识别方法。方法 为了获得更适于目标细粒度识别的特征,提出多层次特征融合识别网络,按照整体、局部子区域两个层次从检测网络得到的候选目标区域中提取特征。然后结合候选目标中所有子区域的信息计算每个子区域的判别性显著度,对含有判别性组件的关键子区域进行挖掘。最后基于判别性显著度将子区域特征与整体特征进行自适应融合,形成表征能力更强的特征,对舰船目标进行细粒度识别。整个检测与识别网络采用端到端一体化设计,所有候选目标特征提取过程只需要经过一次骨干网络的计算,提高了计算效率。结果 在公开的带有细粒度类别标签的HRSC2016(high resolution ship collection)数据集L3任务上,本文方法平均准确率为77.3%,相较于不采用多层次特征融合识别网络提升了6.3%;在自建的包含45类舰船目标的FGSAID(fine-gr...     

基于HOG特征与子区域模糊融合的人耳识别研究

作为一种新兴的生物特征识别技术,人耳识别具有其自身独特优势.利用局部特征信息,研究一类新型的基于梯度方向直方图的人耳身份识别方法,提出一种基于梯度方向直方图与子区域模糊融合相结合的人耳识别方案.将人耳图像划分为不同子区域,分别提取各子区域梯度方向直方图特征,引入模糊隶属度匹配融合策略,获取最终的分类结果.与多种方法的对比实验表明,基于梯度方向直方图的特征提取方法具有高识别性能,针对USTB人耳图像库3的测试实验,可达到99.75％的识别率.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.