共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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结合近年来二氧化碳吸附剂主要研究状况,以CO2固体吸附剂改性后的常用吸附压力为依据,从加压和常压角度重点对碱金属类、多孔炭类、沸石、多孔膜、有机金属框架5种较为普遍的固体吸附剂的改性进行了详细阐述,并对其应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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去除废水中过量的磷可以减缓水体富营养化。吸附除磷因具有能耗低、容量大、污染少等优点而备受关注,改性吸附剂则可在此基础上提高除磷的靶向性,拓宽操作条件,增大吸附容量。本文分析了改性硅酸盐类、改性金属氧化物类、改性固体废弃物类和聚合物类4类除磷吸附剂的改性方法和吸附性能。硅酸盐类吸附材料以及固体废弃物类材料除磷效果略差,但因来源丰富、价格低廉而具有极大的吸引力。聚合物类吸附剂具有高吸附容量、高选择性,但价格昂贵。金属(氢)氧化物具有出色的磷酸盐吸附性能,且选择性好、吸附速度快,这些化合物已被掺入到沸石、介孔二氧化硅和生物炭等材料中,进一步增强其吸附性能,并在工程材料应用中取得重大突破,主要包括磁性吸附剂和颗粒吸附剂。4类吸附剂的作用机理可归纳为两种:一种是吸附剂上的金属与磷酸盐离子发生配位反应,形成沉淀;另一种是酸性条件下吸附剂上的羟基质子化,使羟基带正电,质子化的羟基通过静电吸引使磷得以去除。通过对不同类别吸附剂的吸附特性进行对比分析,提出将高分子技术运用到吸附剂制备过程中,开发同时具有较强解吸能力的改性吸附剂将成为除磷吸附剂研究的新热点。 相似文献
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通过插层法和离子交换法对埃洛石纳米管(HNTs)进行有机物改性,研究了二甲基亚砜、甲醇以及十六烷基三甲基溴化铵改性对HNTs结构以及吸附脱硫性能的影响,考察了温度、时间和剂油比对吸附剂脱硫性能的影响。采用X射线衍射、红外光谱、透射电子显微镜与N2吸附-脱附测试等对吸附剂进行分析表征。结果表明,有机物改性后HNTs的基本管状结构并未破坏,但层间距和管径有一定变化,吸附脱硫能力有所提高,其中HDTMA改性的埃洛石在温度为30℃、时间为4 h、剂油比为1∶20的条件下容硫量达到9.42 mg/g,脱硫率由未改性HNTs的29.62%提高到58.85%。 相似文献
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Development and application of low-cost and effective adsorbents to remove polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from effluents has become a research focus in recent years. We selected reed stem, ginkgo nut shell and hazelnut shell as adsorbents, and used acid hydrolysis as a simple modification technology. The adsorption isotherms of naphthalene to raw and modified adsorbents were controlled by partitioning. The adsorption capability of the hydrolysed hazelnut shell was notably enhanced at a higher level compared with that of other adsorbents. Results showed that the adsorption capacity (17250.42 μg/g) of modified hazelnut shell was observed for an initial naphthalene concentration of 25mg/L, with a contact time of 72 h, adsorbent dosage of 1 g/L and initial pH of 7.0. Furthermore, the regeneration capability of hydrolyzed hazelnut shell indicated that it was a promising adsorbent for naphthalene removal in wastewater treatment. 相似文献
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我国察尔汗盐湖卤水中蕴含丰富的锂资源,但总体品位较低,具有锂浓度低、镁锂比高的特点,导致开发难度很大。吸附法是针对高镁锂比卤水进行提锂的有效方法,其中铝系锂吸附剂具有洗脱无溶损的优势,目前已在盐湖提锂工业中应用。分别对两种工业化铝系锂吸附剂A、B以及实验室自制吸附剂C进行了系统化表征与吸附性能评价。实验结果显示三种成型吸附剂的有效成分均是锂铝层状氢氧化物,在静态吸附条件下,25℃时吸附剂A、B、C对察尔汗老卤中锂的吸附量分别为2.23、0.45、4.90 mg·g-1,吸附动力学均符合拟二级动力学方程,不同温度下吸附等温线拟合结果表明Sips三参数模型能够准确描述三种吸附剂的吸附过程。 相似文献
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The adsorption properties of chitin adsorbent from mycelium of fermentation industries for the removal of heavy metal ions were studied.The result shows that the chitin adsorbent has high adsorption capacity for many heavy metal ions and Ni^2 in citric acid.The influence of pH was significant:When pH is higher than 4.0,the high adsorption capacity is obtained.otherwise H^ ion inhibits the adsorption of heavy metal ions.The comparison of the chitin adsorbent with some other commercial adsorbents was made,in which that the adsorption behavior of chitin adsorbent is close to that of commercial cation exchange adsorbents,and its cost is much lower than those commercial adsorbents. 相似文献
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在丙烯的生产过程中,因丙烯/丙烷的分子大小及挥发性较为接近而难以高效分离,其精馏分离过程能耗较高。变压吸附(PSA)技术作为一种高效的气体分离技术,其核心是高效吸附剂的开发。该文综述了近年来国内外关于丙烯/丙烷分离吸附剂的研究进展。重点介绍了分子筛、碳分子筛以及金属-有机骨架材料(MOFs)在丙烯/丙烷分离上的应用。详细阐述了影响多孔材料丙烯/丙烷吸附分离比的关键因素,并对比了几种吸附分离材料的优缺点。研究发现,应根据实际应用场合、原料气体的组成、丙烯/丙烷相对含量以及吸附材料的实际使用条件等来选择合适的吸附剂。最后,对丙烯/丙烷吸附分离材料的开发及其在实际中的应用进行了展望。 相似文献
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目前用于典型液体危化品吸附的材料类型主要有树脂型和有机高聚物超细纤维型,两种类型中分别选取甲基丙烯酸酯吸油树脂和聚丙烯纤维吸附材料,对此两种吸附材料的吸附相关特性进行了对比实验研究,包括吸附倍率与时间的关系、吸附选择性以及循环吸附/解吸特性等。结果表明,两种吸附材料吸附甲苯的吸附平衡时间均为4 s左右,其中聚丙烯纤维吸附材料的平衡吸附倍率为17.82 g/g,为甲基丙烯酸酯吸油树脂的2.2倍;两种吸附材料都具有较好的吸附选择性;聚丙烯纤维吸附材料在吸附甲苯后能够通过挤压方式解吸附实现循环使用,平均解吸率在80%以上;甲基丙烯酸酯吸油树脂在吸附甲苯后无法通过挤压方式进行解吸附。实验结果将为基于吸附材料的水面液体危化品回收设备的研发奠定基础。 相似文献
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Due to the high cost of adsorbents and their thermal regeneration in recent years,much research has focused on the search for cheaper adsorbents for treating wastewater from textile industry.The single component adsorption of an acidic dye,Acid Yellow 117,and a basic dye,Methylene Blue,onto several adsorbents—bamboo,waste wood,bamboo char,waste wood char,bamboo activated carbon,wood activated carbon and active carbon F400 were conducted.Based on a Langmuir analysis,the monolayer adsorption capacities were determined.Three of the adsorbents were selected for binary layer adsorption to check the multilayer concept and the potential application for better adsorbent usage.The two cheapest adsorbents,bamboo and wood are compared with the commercial activated carbon F400,and all three systems were successful. 相似文献
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Fadina Amran Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini 《Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering》2022,16(9):1407
Beta-cyclodextrin-based adsorbent is a promising adsorbent because it has unique characteristics and able to form host-guest complexes with various organic compounds. Adsorption using beta-cyclodextrin-based adsorbent has continuously improved by various preparation strategies and crosslinking agents. This commentary aims to highlight the preparation strategies, properties, and adsorption mechanisms of beta-cyclodextrin-based adsorbents. The adsorbents can be generally classified according to the preparation methods and display high adsorption capacity especially for dyes. Particularly, composite/nanocomposite beta-cyclodextrin-based adsorbents exhibit outstanding adsorption capacity even though the surface area is lower than that of porous and magnetic beta-cyclodextrin-based adsorbents. The beta-cyclodextrin/chitosan functionalized graphene oxide hydrogel with specific surface of 17.6 m2·g–1 yields an extraordinarily maximum adsorption capacity of 1499 mg·g–1 methylene blue, while beta-cyclodextrin/chitosan modified with iron(II, III) oxide nanoparticles displays a much greater maximum adsorption capacity at 2780 mg·g–1. The hydrophobic interaction, functional groups, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interaction govern the adsorption to a greater capacity. Although this commentary is not exhaustive, the preparation strategies and illustrated mechanisms provide useful insights into the adsorbent–adsorbate interactions, cost-effective analysis, challenges, and future directions of beta-cyclodextrin-based adsorbents in wastewater treatment. 相似文献