SEMI-ACTIVE CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUSPENSION WITH MAGNETO- RHEOLOGICAL DAMPERS： PART Ⅲ-EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION

A hardware-in-the-loop （HIL） test and simulation platform is developed in the laboratory, so as to validate the performance characteristics of the proposed skyhook-based asymmetric semi-active controller in Part I, and examine the validity of the proposed MR-damper model in a system surrounding. A real-time monitor is designed to assess and monitor the responses of the quarter-vehicle model in the HIL platform, and to select the excitation, controller synthesis, and the output displays. A drive current circuit hardware employing PID feedback technique is developed to compensate for the time delays from the servo-controller and drive current circuit, in which a small resistance is integrated in the current amplifier circuit to provide the feedback signal. The experiments were performed to measure the responses of the quarter-vehicle MR-suspension models with fixed current and the proposed semi-active MR-damping variations, under harmonic, rounded pulse and random road excitations. The measured data were compared with the corresponding model results to examine the model and controller validity, and revealed generally good agreements in the model and tested results and very little sensitivity of the tested responses to variations in the sprung mass. The HIL test results validate the effectiveness of the proposed skyhook-based semi-active asymmetric controller and its high robustness against the vehicle load variations in view of the intelligent vehicle suspension design.     

Instructions to Overseas Authors

正Machinery Design and Manufacture(ISSN 1001-3997),is a famous science magazine in China in the field of Machinery. Now we welcome overseas scholars to contribute enthusiastically to increase the international distribution,including the recent academic reports,research achievements and the latest discoveries,in English or in both Chinese and English versions,thus to enhance the academic exchange and communication China and abroad.     

中国出台汽车产业振兴规划

China's State Council recently passed in principle the auto industry rejuvenation plan. Major contents of the plan are:to foster auto consum ption market, including a 50 percent cut in the vehicle purchase tax on passenger vehicles with a displacement of 1.6 liters and below; to promote reorganization of the auto industry and support large auto enterprise groups to carry out mergers and acquisitions, and key auto spare enterprises to expand production; to support independent innovation and technical upgrading by enterprises: the central government wiU appropriate RMB 10 billion in a special fund to support technical innovation and renovation and development of new energy automobiles and spare parts by enterprises in the next three years;to implement a new energy auto strategy :subsidy from the central budget will be appropriated to support the spread of energy saving and new energy automobiles in large-and medium-sized cities; and to promote development of independent brands of automobiles, speed up construction of auto and spare parts exportbases, develop a modern auto service industry and improve auto credit.     

Instructions to Overseas Authors

正Machinery Design and Manufacture (ISSN 1001-3997), is a famous science magazine in China in the field of Machinery. Now we welcome overseas scholars to contribute enthusiastically to increase the international distribution,including the recent academic reports,research achievements and the latest discoveries,in English or in both Chinese and English versions,thus to enhance the academic exchange and com-     

Instructions to Overseas Authors

<正>Machinery Design and Manufacture (ISSN 1001-3997), is a famous science magazine in China in the field of Machinery. Now we welcome overseas scholars to contribute enthusiastically to increase the international distribution,including the recent academic reports,research achievements and the latest discoveries,in English or in both Chinese and English versions,thus to enhance the academic exchange and com-     

Instructions to Overseas Authors

<正>Machinery Design and Manufacture(ISSN 1001-3997),is a famous science magazine in China in the field of Machinery.Now we welcome overseas scholars to contribute enthusiastically to increase the international distribution,including the recent academic reports,research achievements and the latest discoveries,in English or in both Chinese and English versions,thus to enhance the academic exchange and com-     

Instructions to Overseas Authors

<正>Machinery Design and Manufacture (ISSN 1001-3997), is a famous science magazine in China in the field of Machinery. Now we welcome overseas scholars to contribute enthusiastically to increase the international distribution,including the recent academic reports,research achievements and the latest discoveries,in English or in both Chinese and English versions,thus to enhance the academic exchange and communication     

Exxon to scale up investment in Asia

Exxon Mobil Corp. has decided to scale up investments in Asian plants to satiate estimated increase in demand from China and India. ExxonMobil＇s new plant in Fujian, China, has commenced production this year. Demand from China is estimated to increase faster than sales of gasoline and diesel, rising by double digits and continuing to expand for at least the next 15 years. India, with its current robust growth rate and optimistic growth potential is expected to be the major driver of global demand a decade from now. With a robust GDP rate and increased opportunity to compete with and replace traditional raw materials like metal and wood and like cotton.     

质谱法在柴油脱芳研究中的应用

The amount and type of aromatics present in diesel fuels affects combustion properties and emissions. The catalysts for high-quality and low -aromatic diesel fuels are being developed and produced. The MS is applied to analyze chemical types of diesels in order to study aromatics change during hydrogenation and dearomatization, which is important to develop new catalysts and technology.     

ARCHITECTURE OF MANUFACTURING EXECUTION SYSTEM IN THE EXTENDED ENTERPRISE

0 INTRODUCTION*Because of rapid advances in technology, product life cycles are growing shorter. An enterprise's ability to deliver new products quickly and efficiently to market is critical for competitive success. In response to global economic competition, enterprises must be flexible in adapting to changing market demands and must adopt effective management practices and strategies. For many years, manufacturers have been motivated to explore many exciting innovations in their busines…     

Instructions to Overseas Authors

<正>Machinery Design and Manufacture(ISSN 1001-3997),is a famous science magazine in China in the field of Machinery.Now we welcome overseas scholars to contribute enthusiastically to increase the international distribution,including the recent academic reports,research achievements and the latest discoveries,in English or in both Chinese and English versions,thus to enhance the academic exchange and communication China and abroad.The contribution e-mail is mdm1963@163.com.     

CONSTRUCTION METHOD OF KNOWLEDGE MAP BASED ON DESIGN PROCESS

Due to the increasing amount and complexity of knowledge in product design, the know-ledge map based on design process is presented as a tool to reuse product design process, promote the product design knowledge sharing. The relationship between design task flow and knowledge flow is discussed; A knowledge organizing method based on design task decomposition and a visualization method to support the knowledge retrieving and sharing in product design are proposed. And a knowledge map system to manage the knowledge in product design process is built with Visual C++ and SVG. Finally, a brief case study is provided to illustrate the construction and application of knowledge map in fuel pump design.     

Experimental Vehicles Program Aides in Innovative Hands-on Learning Experiences

The EVP （experimental vehicles program） was created in 2004 as an umbrella program for five different undergraduate experimental vehicle design teams. These projects consist of the Solar Vehicle, Moonbuggy, Baja SAE （sina app engine）, Formula SAE and Solar Boat. The goal of the EVP is to foster undergraduate student development through hands-on construction of experimental vehicles with the guidance of faculty mentors and partnerships with both national and international industry leaders. Each EVP project performs a vital function in the professional development of students. The projects provide a forgiving environment in which students can test their classroom knowledge in a real-world setting and learn important skills such as leadership, effective communication and working as a team member. Furthermore, the students in the EVP develop highly versatile and qualified skill sets that will allow them to fill various positions within the workplace. In the past, 90% of EVP graduates have been able to obtain highly regarded national and international positions upon graduation due to their real-world experience gained throughout their involvement in the EVP. Each year the EVP sponsors up to 60 interdisciplinary students that come together in peer-led teams to combine and expand upon their classroom knowledge in building innovative vehicles. The successes of the MTSU （Middle Tennessee State University） EVP have been recognized by becoming the national model for hands-on engineering education; helping engineering students take classroom knowledge and apply it to real-world situations. Students work to design, construct, and test novel vehicle designs for participation in national and international competitions. Due to the competitive nature of each of the events, students must use cutting edge technology and design methods in order to create the best entries possible. Often times, this means creating partnerships with industry leaders who help mentor the students from the design conception, the fabrication through the manufacturing of each vehicle.     

Design Change Model for Effective Scheduling Change Propagation Paths

Changes in requirements may result in the increasing of product development project cost and lead time,therefore,it is important to understand how requirement changes propagate in the design of complex product systems and be able to select best options to guide design.Currently,a most approach for design change is lack of take the multi-disciplinary coupling relationships and the number of parameters into account integrally.A new design change model is presented to systematically analyze and search change propagation paths.Firstly,a PDS-Behavior-Structure-based design change model is established to describe requirement changes causing the design change propagation in behavior and structure domains.Secondly,a multi-disciplinary oriented behavior matrix is utilized to support change propagation analysis of complex product systems,and the interaction relationships of the matrix elements are used to obtain an initial set of change paths.Finally,a rough set-based propagation space reducing tool is developed to assist in narrowing change propagation paths by computing the importance of the design change parameters.The proposed new design change model and its associated tools have been demonstrated by the scheduling change propagation paths of high speed train’s bogie to show its feasibility and effectiveness.This model is not only supportive to response quickly to diversified market requirements,but also helpful to satisfy customer requirements and reduce product development lead time.The proposed new design change model can be applied in a wide range of engineering systems design with improved efficiency.     

上海出台吸引外资新举措(英文)

Shanghai will take more a flexible approach to absorbingforeign investment in industry. New measmes include: To push forward with reorganisation of strategic assetsinstead of continuing to import investment and technology aspreviously. The chemical industrial zone presently being con-structed will encourage multinational companies to form groupand star projects that will incorporate up and down stream op-erations, in cooperation with the large state-owned groups,Shanghai Hua Yi, Shanghai Petro Chemical, and Shanghai GaoHua—in the form of joint venture with large input and in con-centrated areas.     

跨国公司在中国的本土化经营(英文)

When more and more world well-known multinationals en-ter China in the present time, many of them are trying to local-ize the aspects of product brand, human resources, puoductmanufacturing and marketing management in China under theguidance of the idea of "globalization in hinking but localizationin action" to help themselves to grab greater shares of the     

外商投资西部优惠新措施出台

The West Development Office of the State Council re-cently published a series of measures,offering unprecedent-ed preferential policies to encourage foreign investors to in-vest in Western China. Under the policies,foreign investors that have alreadyinvested in banks and commercial retail enterprises on a trialbasis in China and Sino-foreign joint venture trade compa-nies may expand their presence to key cities in the western     

DISCRETIZATION APPROACH USING RAY-TESTING MODEL IN PARTING LINE AND PARTING SURFACE GENERATION

Surface classification, 3D parting line, parting surface generation and demoldability analysis which is helpful to select optimal parting direction and optimal parting line are involved in automatic cavity design based on the ray-testing model. A new ray-testing approach is presented to classify the part surfaces to core/cavity surfaces and undercut surfaces by automatic identifying the visibility of surfaces. A simple, direct and efficient algorithm to identify surface visibility is developed. The algorithm is robust and adapted to rather complicated geometry, so it is valuable in computer-aided mold design systems. To validate the efficiency of the approach, an experimental program is implemented. Case studies show that the approach is practical and valuable in automatic parting line and parting surface generation.     

Acoustic Resonance in Exhaust Gas Economizer Tube Bundles Prediction and Suppression of Resonance

The tendency for air column resonance generation in structures with a constant volume behind a tube array like that of an exhaust gas economizer has been reported, but many points remain unclear with respect to the mechanism and conditions that generate acoustical resonance. When acoustical resonance is generated, in reality, prevention and suppression measures are implemented by inserting a baffle plate into the ducts through a process of trial and error. The purpose of this study is to clarify the mechanism of generation of acoustical resonance, and to establish an appropriate measure to prevent such resonance. Noise generated in an exhaust gas economizer was correlated with the flow inside the tube array and experimentally analyzed, and the mechanism for resonance generation was considered. In addition, the effectiveness of a baffle plate positioned in order to prevent resonance was investigated. We have successfully employed a single baffle plate to suppress resonance.     

Structural Aerospace Composite/Metallic Samples under Fatigue Loads： Experimental Activity on Three Case Studies

The use of composite materials in aerospace engineering is ever increasing. Properties such as low weight, high performance, high stiffness and the ability for it to be tailored specifically for different structural uses has increased its importance in recent years. Specific experimental/numerical activities were developed in the last decade at the aerospace department of Polito and are under consideration in recent years regarding the analysis of fatigue behavior of composite/metallic structural samples under cyclic loading condition. A review of the main significant results connected to three case-studies is presented in the paper. The first is related to the definition and analysis of innovative joint for composite high aspect ratio aircraft structures. The modular design oriented to limit component dimensions for transportability requires the presence of a removable joints able to overcome the typical low bearing failure level of composite pin-loaded joint under static and fatigue loading distribution according to airworthiness requirements. The static experiments demonstrate the consistency of the proposed advanced joint configuration that postpones the joint failure to high load level according to the structural requirements. The cyclic loading phase takes as reference point the failure load of the initial configuration and defines a loading cycle with a maximum higher than the failure load of the initial configuration. The fatigue behavior of the advanced joint also demonstrates a substantial consistency with expected duration of 1 e6 cycles as required by the structural design for operating reasons. Specific indication on fatigue limit with respect to critical amplitude is reported. The second is related to the presence of specific damaged situation in thin-walled fiat/stiffened composite plate. Stiffened configurations are frequently used to increase buckling load level. Unexpected events on solid/stiffened composite panels can introduce a certain level of damage, typically delamination, that can cause reduction in buckling design level and reduction in global strength. The presence of cyclic load and fatigue effect can have an important consequence on damage propagation and structural integrity. The damaged area determined by the skin-stiffener de-bonding of a certain dimension is investigated under static compression and cyclic compression. Local buckling of damaged area is determined and pointed out by tests in uniaxial compression. The experimental static behavior points out the presence of a snap-effect during loading and un-loading. Fatigue loading configuration is applied in the range of post-critical local configuration considered as the most effective situation. Preliminary fatigue results are presented and discussed. The third is related to preliminary investigation on the effect of fatigue life reduction of 2024 AI alloy in corrosive （exfoliation） environment. The effect of corrosion is taken into consideration introducing specific concentration factors into the life estimation relationship. Differences between fatigue in prior corroded specimens and fatigue in presence of corrosive environment are emphasized. No crack propagation is considered. Related concentration factors are derived and compared by the few experimental results in order to define some guidelines for design process and to improve aircraft better evaluation of component structural integrity in operative situations. A preliminary approach is presented in the paper in order to correctly identify the contribution of corrosive environment in coupled fatigue loading phase. The results are discussed and future improvements are suggested.