泵用交流电机调压调速节能效益浅析

介绍了泵用电机调压调速的节能效益。     

Reconsidering the role of sleep for motor memory.

Previous studies suggest that sleep may play an important role in memory consolidation of motor skills. It has been difficult, however, to tease apart the effect of sleep from circadian and homeostatic factors. We examined the effect of sleep on a popular motor sequence task, utilizing a design that controlled for time of day and time since sleep between wake and sleep groups. When these factors were controlled, there was no benefit of sleep to motor memory, suggesting that previous work may have been influenced by circadian and homeostatic confounds. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

An investigation of the shape of learning curves for industrial motor tasks.

"Seventy learning curves from operators on twelve power sewing-machine operations were analyzed. Using the period of initial plateau as a criterion of learning, modified Vincent curves were established for each job, and separate composite curves for each of 2 groups including half the jobs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

高效电机用硅钢的织构特征及电机性能

为摸索硅钢片磁特性对电机性能的影响规律,分析了硅钢片在高效化过程中织构的演变规律及特征,采用 Easymotor软件计算了硅钢磁特性与鼠笼式三相感应电机运转性能之间的关系。结果表明：硅钢的微观织构特征是决定磁性水平的重要因素,常化处理可以明显提高有利织构的组分;在特定条件下,硅钢的铁损P 1.5/50下降0.16 W/kg,可以使电机效率提高约0.073％;磁感强度高低对电机性能也存在明显的影响。     

Qualitative and quantitative change in the dynamics of motor learning.

The experiments examined qualitative and quantitative changes in the dynamics of learning a novel motor skill (roller ball task) as a function of the manipulation of a control parameter (initial ball speed). The focus was on the relation between the rates of change in performance over practice time and the changing time scales of the evolving attractor dynamic. Results showed 3 different learning patterns to the changes in the dynamics as a function of practice that were mediated by the initial ball speed. Only participants who learned the task showed a bifurcation in coordination mode that was preceded by enhanced performance variability. The observed multiple time scales to motor learning are interpreted as the products of the dynamical stability and instability realized from (a) the continually evolving landscape dynamics due to bifurcations between attractor organization and (b) the transient phenomena associated with moving toward and away from fixed-point dynamics. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Representation and execution of vocal motor programs for expert singing of tonal melodies.

Three experiments were conducted to study motor programs used by expert singers to produce short tonal melodies. Each experiment involved a response-priming procedure in which singers prepared to sing a primary melody but on 50% of trials had to switch and sing a different (secondary) melody instead. In Experiment 1, secondary melodies in the same key as the primary melody were easier to produce than secondary melodies in a different key. Experiment 2 showed that it was the initial note rather than key per se that affected production of secondary melodies. In Experiment 3, secondary melodies involving exact transpositions were easier to sing than secondary melodies with a different contour than the primary melody. Also, switches between the keys of C and G were easier than those between C and E. Taken together, these results suggest that the initial note of a melody may be the most important element in the motor program, that key is represented in a hierarchical form, and that melodic contour is represented as a series of exact semitone offsets. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

The additivity of the times for human motor response elements in a simulated industrial assembly task.

The aim was an "attempt to resolve the differences and extend the applicability of the additivity concept to more complex motion patterns which might be expected to influence the interaction of the motion elements composing it." Time measurements were made in a light manual assembly task requiring 16 motion elements in the incomplete cycle for 16 male Ss. The results indicated "total incomplete cycle times predicted from data obtained in the complete cycle did not differ significantly from times actually measured even though there was evidence of interactions among the motion elements and the variables of discrimination and hands-used (one-handed versus two-handed performance)." Additivity is thus concluded to be a valid concept. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Praise and censure as motivating variables in the motor behavior and learning of schizophrenics.

Hullian assumptions regarding drive level were utilized to predict the performance of acute and chronic schizophrenics on learning tasks of varying complexity. Ss were exposed to 3 conditions of reinforcement: censure, praise, and neutral (neither censure nor praise), and faced with simple and complex learning tasks. Acute schizophrenics responded differently from the chronic Ss to the conditions of reinforcement. The performance of the acute group was facilitated on the 2nd task by the experience of being told they were wrong on the 1st; this was not so with the chronic schizophrenics. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Perception of the color red enhances the force and velocity of motor output.

The present research examined whether perception of the color red influences basic motor functioning. Prior research on color and motor functioning has been guided by ill-defined theoretical statements, and has been plagued by methodological problems. Drawing on theoretical and empirical work on the threat-behavior link in human and nonhuman animals, we proposed and tested the prediction that perceiving red enhances the force and velocity of motor output. Experiment 1 demonstrated that red, relative to gray (matched to red on lightness), facilitates pinchgrip force. Experiment 2 demonstrated that red, relative to gray (matched to red on lightness) and blue (matched to red on lightness and chroma) facilitates handgrip force and the velocity of that force. These findings clearly establish a link between red and basic motor action, illustrate the importance of rigorous experimental methods when testing color effects, and highlight the need to attend to the functional, as well as aesthetic, value of color. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Associations of postural knowledge and basic motor skill with dyspraxia in autism: Implication for abnormalities in distributed connectivity and motor learning.

Children with autism often have difficulty performing skilled movements. Praxis performance requires basic motor skill, knowledge of representations of the movement (mediated by parietal regions), and transcoding of these representations into movement plans (mediated by premotor circuits). The goals of this study were (a) to determine whether dyspraxia in autism is associated with impaired representational (“postural”) knowledge and (b) to examine the contributions of postural knowledge and basic motor skill to dyspraxia in autism. Thirty-seven children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and 50 typically developing (TD) children, ages 8–13, completed (a) an examination of basic motor skills, (b) a postural knowledge test assessing praxis discrimination, and (c) a praxis examination. Children with ASD showed worse basic motor skill and postural knowledge than did controls. The ASD group continued to show significantly poorer praxis than did controls after accounting for age, IQ, basic motor skill, and postural knowledge. Dyspraxia in autism appears to be associated with impaired formation of spatial representations, as well as transcoding and execution. Distributed abnormality across parietal, premotor, and motor circuitry, as well as anomalous connectivity, may be implicated. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)