反应等离子喷涂TiC陶瓷增强金属复合涂层组织性能

采用前驱体碳化复合技术利用钛铁粉为原料制备Ti-Fe-Ni-C和Ti-Fe-C系粉末,并通过反应等离子喷涂技术(RPs)原位合成并沉积了Tic/Fe-Ni和TiC/Fe金属陶瓷复合涂层.利用XRD、SEM和EDS研究了复合粉末和不同基体涂层的成分、组织结构,测量了2种涂层的显微硬度和磨损量.结果表明:采用前驱体碳化复合技术制备的反应喷涂复合粉末粒度均匀、无有害相生成;制备的复合涂层由不同TiC颗粒含量的片层组织叠加而成;TiC颗粒大致呈球形,基体主要为Fe及Fe、Ni固溶体.Tic/Fe-Ni涂层较TiC/Fe涂层组织更加均匀、致密,且具有较高的显微硬度和较好的耐磨性.     

反应火焰喷涂的TiC/Fe金属陶瓷复合涂层

以TiFe粉和碳的前驱体(石油沥青)为原料,通过碳化制备Ti-Fe-C系反应喷涂复合粉末,并通过普通火焰喷涂技术成功制备了TiC/Fe金属陶瓷复合涂层;采用XRD、SEM和EDS对喷涂粉末和涂层的成分、组织结构进行了分析,同时对涂层耐磨性能进行了对比研究.结果表明:采用前驱体碳化复合技术制备的Ti-Fe-C系复合喷涂粉末粒度均匀、无有害相生成;喷涂所得到的TiC/Fe金属陶瓷复合涂层由片状的铁基体和弥散分布的TiC颗粒组成;TiC颗粒大致呈球形,粒度一般在0.5 μm以下;相同条件下所获涂层的磨损体积大约是常规火焰喷涂Ni60涂层的1/5.     

以蔗糖为前驱体制备反应等离子熔覆高铬铁基复合涂层

以铁、铬、钨、镍粉末和碳的前驱体(蔗糖)为原料通过碳化制备了反应等离子熔覆Fe-Cr-C-W-Ni复合粉末,采用同步送粉反应等离子熔覆设备和优化的反应等离子熔覆工艺,在调质C蕉钢(C≤0.35%)基材表面制备了高铬铁基复合涂层.结果表明,采用前驱体碳化复合技术制备的Fe-Cr-C-W-Ni复合粉末粒度均匀、无有害相生成;熔覆所得到的涂层以(Cr,Fe)7C3/γ共晶为基体,其上分布大量的(Cr,Fe)7C3初生相.涂层与基材界面为完全冶金结合.涂层断面上的平均显微硬度约为1 100 HV.相同条件下所获涂层的磨损体积大约是常规等离子熔覆Ni60涂层的1/7.     

以沥青为前驱体制备TiC/FeCrNi反应火焰喷涂复合涂层

以钛铁粉、CrFe粉、羰基镍粉和碳的前驱体（石油沥青）为原料,通过前驱体碳化复合技术制备了Ti-Fe-Cr-Ni-C反应喷涂复合粉末,并通过普通火焰喷涂成功地合成与沉积了TiC/FeCrNi复合涂层.采用XRD和SEM对喷涂粉末和涂层的相组成和显微结构进行了分析,同时对涂层耐磨性能进行了对比研究.研究结果表明：采用前驱体碳化复合技术制备的Ti-Fe-Cr-Ni-C反应喷涂复合粉末粒度均匀、无有害相生成;所制备的TiC/FeCrNi复合涂层由不同含量TiC颗粒分布于金属基体内部而形成的复合强化片层叠加而成,TiC颗粒呈纳米级;基体由（Fe,Cr）和Cr0.19Fe0.7Ni0.11两相组成;相同条件下,所获TiC/FeCrNi复合涂层磨损体积大约是常规火焰喷涂Ni60涂层的1/8.     

反应火焰喷涂TiC/Fe复合涂层组织及形成机理

以TiFe粉和碳的前驱体（石油沥青）为原料通过前驱体碳化复合技术制备了Ti-Fe-C系反应喷涂复合粉末,并用普通火焰喷涂技术制备了TiC/Fe陶瓷金属复合涂层.观测了喷涂粉末、淬熄实验获取的飞行粒子以及涂层的形态、相和组织结构.结果表明：前驱体碳化复合Ti-Fe-C系喷涂粉末有非常紧密的结构;可有效的解决反应喷涂过程中原料粉末分离的问题.在反应火焰喷涂过程中,每一个喷涂粉末颗粒构成独立的微小反应单元,原料之间反应充分.在整个喷涂过程中喷涂粉末经历了熔化扩散、物相形成、碰撞后快速凝固三个阶段.所得涂层由TiC和Ti2O3共生聚集片层和细小TiC颗粒弥散分布于金属基体所形成的内晶型复合强化片层交替叠加而成.     

反应爆炸喷涂制备TiC／Fe-Ni金属陶瓷复合涂层

以钛铁粉、羰基镍粉和碳的前驱体(蔗糖)为原料,通过前驱体碳化复合技术制备Ti-Fe-Ni-C系反应热喷涂粉末,并通过爆炸喷涂技术原位合成并沉积TiC/Fe-Ni金属陶瓷复合涂层;利用XRD、SEM和EDS研究喷涂复合粉末和涂层的相组成、显微结构.结果表明:采用前驱体碳化复合技术制备的Ti-Fe-Ni-C反应喷涂复合粉末粒度均匀;所制备的TiC/Fe-Ni复合涂层由不同含量TiC颗粒分布于金属基体内部而形成的复合片层叠加而成,基体主要是(Fe,Ni)固溶体;TiC颗粒大致呈球形,粒度为纳米级;复合涂层的平均显微硬度HV0.2为18.9 GPa.     

AZ91D镁合金表面等离子熔覆NiAl/TiC复合涂层

采用等离子熔覆技术在AZ91D镁合金表面熔覆了NiAl/Ti+C复合粉末,制备出原位合成TiC增强的NiAl金属间化合物基复合涂层.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)研究了复合涂层的物相和组织,对复合涂层的显微硬度和耐蚀性进行了测定.结果表明:复合涂层主要由NiAl金属间化合物和分布其上的块状TiC陶瓷相组成;在金属间化合物和陶瓷相的作用下,熔覆层具有高的硬度和耐蚀性能.     

等离子熔覆高铬铁基复合涂层高温滑动磨损性能

利用前驱体碳化复合粉末制备技术,以蔗糖为碳的前驱体制备了等离子熔覆Fe-Cr-C-W-Ni复合粉末.采用等离子熔覆丁艺,用该粉末在凋质C级钢基材表面制备了高铬铁基复合涂层.测试了涂层在不同增强相含量、不同载荷和不同温度干滑动磨损条件下的耐磨性,并讨论了磨损机理.结果表明,由于涂层中硬质耐磨相(Cr,Fe)7C3的扰磨骨干作用,涂层在高温千滑动磨损条件下具有优异的耐磨性能.利用该技术在高速线材轧辊上使用效果明显.     

反应等离子喷涂TiC/Fe-Ni金属陶瓷复合涂层的显微组织

采用前驱体碳化复合技术制备Ti-Fe-Ni-C系粉末,并通过反应等离子喷涂技术（RPS）原位合成并沉积了TiC/Fe-Ni基金属陶瓷复合涂层。利用XRD、SEM和EDS研究复合粉末和涂层的成分、组织结构,考察复合粉末的TiC含量及复合粉末粒度对涂层组织结构的影响。结果表明：采用前驱体碳化复合技术制备的反应喷涂复合粉末粒度均匀、无有害相生成;TiC/Fe-Ni复合涂层由不同含量TiC颗粒分布于晶粒内部而形成的晶内型复合强化片层叠加而成,基体主要为（Fe、Ni）固溶体,TiC颗粒呈纳米级;涂层TiC含量较高时,纳米级TiC颗粒弥散分布更均匀;喷涂粉末粒度较大时,片层厚度较大,孔隙率较高。     

前驱体碳化复合等离子熔覆原位合成高铬铁基涂层高温抗氧化性

利用前驱体碳化复合粉末制备技术,以蔗糖为碳的前驱体,制备了等离子熔覆Fe-Cr-C-W-Ni复合粉末;采用优化的等离子熔覆工艺,用该粉末在调质C级钢(碳含量≤0.35%)表面制备了高铬铁基金属陶瓷复合涂层.应用EDS、SEM、XRD等研究了涂层及氧化膜的成分和组织结构.在900 ℃恒温氧化50h的试验条件下测试了涂层的抗氧化性.结果表明:涂层以(Cr,Fe)7C3/γ共晶为基体,其上分布大量的原位生成初生相(Cr, Fe)7C3,且涂层与调质C级钢基体形成良好的冶金结合.涂层氧化动力学曲线符合抛物线规律.     

Structural, mechanical and corrosion properties of TiOxNy/ZrOxNy multilayer coatings

Results on the deposition and characterization of TiO_xN_y/ZrO_xN_y multilayers, with bilayer periods of 20 and 400 nm, are presented. The coatings were deposited on TiNiNb alloy substrates by the pulsed magnetron sputtering method. The elemental composition, hardness, adhesion and corrosion resistance of the coatings were analyzed.As resulted from the XPS analysis, the individual layers consisted of a mixture of titanium or zirconium oxynitrides and corresponding oxides. X-ray analysis revealed that the coatings were amorphous. Only slight differences between the microhardness and adhesion values of the coatings with small and large bilayer period Λ were found. The experiments also showed that the multilayered coatings improved the corrosion resistance of the uncoated alloy and reduced the amount of ion release in artificial body fluids.     

生物医用NiTi形状记忆合金腐蚀研究进展

镍钛形状记忆合金(NiTi-SMA)具有较好的耐腐蚀和机械性能,在口腔和临床医学中有着大量而广泛的应用。NiTi-SMA腐蚀后释放Ni²⁺会引发细胞毒性和过敏反应,进一步提高NiTi-SMA的耐蚀性是目前生物医学材料领域发展的核心之一。本文对近年来国内外有关口腔医学和临床医学中常用NiTi-SMA的腐蚀研究现状进行了总结,同时也对NiTi-SMA增材制造及表面改性技术进行了评述,以期为开发高性能抗腐蚀生物医用NiTi-SMA提供一定的指导意义。     

Li掺杂Ba(Ti1/7Sn1/7Zr1/7Hf1/7Nb1/7Ga1/7Li(1/7-x))O3高熵陶瓷的制备及介电性能研究

近年来,在高熵合金基础上发展起来的高熵陶瓷逐渐引起了研究者的广泛关注,其出现为开发高性能的无机非金属材料提供了新的设计思路。本文采用固相法制备了BaMO3基钙钛矿型高熵陶瓷Ba(Ti1/7Sn1/7Zr1/7Hf1/7Nb1/7Ga1/7Li(1/7-x))O3 (x = 0, 2.3%, 5.3%, 8.3%, 11.3%),并研究了Li含量对高熵陶瓷物相结构、微观形貌及介电性能的影响。结果表明,Li含量对陶瓷结构的影响不大,陶瓷均保持立方钙钛矿结构,且无杂相产生;陶瓷的晶粒尺寸相对较均匀。当x = 0时,即B位七元等摩尔比Ba(Ti1/7Sn1/7Zr1/7Hf1/7Nb1/7Ga1/7Li1/7)O3高熵陶瓷,其介电常数达到了最大值2920 (@100 Hz),相较于已报道的不掺Li的六元高熵钙钛矿陶瓷Ba(Ti1/6Sn1/6Zr1/6Hf1/6Nb1/6Ga1/6)O3提升了近50倍。     

MOCVD growth and characterizations of BxAl1−xAs and BxAl1−x−yInyAs alloys

Zinc-blende B_xAl_1−xAs and B_xAl_1−x−yIn_yAs alloys have been grown on exactly oriented (0 0 1)GaAs substrates by low pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (LP-MOCVD). The influence of susceptor coating, growth temperature and gas-phase boron mole fraction on boron incorporation into AlAs has been comprehensively investigated. It has been found that boron incorporation into AlAs could be enhanced and the optimal growth temperature range of B_xAl_1−xAs alloys changed from 580 °C to 610 °C when SiC-coated graphite susceptors were replaced by the non-coated ones. In this study, the maximum boron composition x of 2.8% was achieved for the pseudomorphically strained B_xAl_1−xAs alloys. AFM measurements show that RMS roughness of B_xAl_1−xAs alloys increased sharply with the increase of gas-phase boron mole fraction. Raman spectra of B_xAl_1−xAs alloys show a linear increase of the BAs shift with boron composition x. Based on BAlAs deposition, bulk B_xAl_1−x−yIn_yAs (x = 1.9%) quaternary alloy was grown lattice-matched to GaAs successfully. Moreover, 10-period BAlAs/GaAs and BAlInAs/GaAs MQW heterostructures were also demonstrated.     

Ag/LaNixCo1-xO3触点材料的制备及电接触性能研究

本文运用溶胶-凝胶燃烧法合成了双钙钛矿型LaNixCo1-xO3(LNCO)纳米材料,利用粉末冶金和热挤压技术制备了相应的Ag/LNCO触点材料及元件样品。重点考察了不同Ni、Co含量对Ag/LNCO触点材料微观结构、物相组成、物理性能、力学性能及电寿命服役能力的影响,对其电弧侵蚀失效行为进行了研究,并与SnO2粉体增强Ag基触点材料进行对比。结果表明:溶胶凝胶法合成的LNCO纳米颗粒粒径为20-30 nm,经粉末冶金工艺制备的Ag/LaNi0.5Co0.5O3触点材料电学性能和电寿命都优于Ag/SnO2触点材料,其电阻率低至2.10 μΩ?cm,电寿命性能达到51287次。表明Ag/LaNi0.5Co0.5O3触点材料性能较佳,是一种可以取代Ag/CdO的新型触点材料。     

Hydrothermal synthesis of superconductors Ba1−xKxBiO3 and double perovskites Ba1−xKxBi1−yNayO3

Superconductors Ba_1−xK_xBiO₃ and body-centered double perovskites Ba_1−xK_xBi_1−yNa_yO₃ have been selectively synthesized by a facile hydrothermal route. The appropriate ratio and adding sequence of initial reagents, alkalinity, reaction temperature and time are the critical factors that influence the crystal growth of the compounds. The purity and homogeneity of the crystals were detected by the ICP, SEM, EDX and TEM studies. Magnetic measurements show that the superconducting transition temperatures T_C of Ba_1−xK_xBiO₃ decrease from 22 K (for x = 0.35) to 8 K (for x = 0.55) with increasing the K doping level.     

Magnetic phase diagrams of the TbRh2−xPdxPdxSi2 and TbRu2−xPdxSi2 systems

The a.c. susceptibility and high field magnetization on TbRh_2−xPd_xPd_xSi₂ and TbRu_2−xPd_xSi₂ compounds were investigated up to 140 kOe. The (T,x) magnetic phase diagrams were determined. For both systems, an increase in the Pd content causes a decrease in the Néel temperature and changes the magnetization curves.     

High strength and good ductility of casting Al-Cu alloy modified by PrxOy and LaxOy

A modified Al-Cu alloy with high tensile strength and ductility of about 574.0 MPa and 10.4%, respectively, was obtained by adding multiple rare earth oxides (Pr_xO_y and La_xO_y) as modifier. Compared with the unmodified Al-Cu alloy, the tensile strength and ductility of the modified sample were increased by 24.3% and 42.5%, respectively. The improvement both in the strength and ductility may attribute to the finer crystal grains and dendrites, more homogeneously distributed θ′ phase precipitates and the intermetallic compounds formed at the crystal grain boundaries as well as in the space of the dendrites.     

Si3N4/Ti/Cu/Ni/Cu/Ti/Si3N4二次部分瞬间液相连接强度

采用Ti/Cu／Ni中间层对Si3N4陶瓷进行二次部分瞬间液相(PTLP)连接，研究连接工艺参数对Si3N4／Ti/Cu／Ni连接强度的影响，同时研究了连接强度随试验温度的变化规律。结果表明，在该试验条件下，室温连接强度随着二次连接温度的提高和二次保温时间的延长而提高，改变连接工艺参数对Si3N4／Ti/Cu／Ni二次PTLP连接界面反应层厚度无明显影响；连接强度在试验温度400℃时达到最大，随后随试验温度升高，连接强度降低，但在800℃前，其高温强度具有很好的稳定性。