不同电解温度下 NiFe2 O4基金属陶瓷惰性阳极的熔盐腐蚀行为

采用等静压气氛烧结法制备NiFe2O4基金属陶瓷惰性阳极,在不同温度下进行电解试验,通过分析电解试样的表层形貌及组织成分,研究电解温度对NiFe2O4基金属陶瓷腐蚀的影响,并对其熔盐腐蚀行为进行探讨.研究结果表明:较高温度有利于电解稳定性的提高及表面致密保护层的形成,在925℃和960℃电解温度下阳极较为稳定,槽电压维持在3.0~4.0V之间;在880℃电解温度下阳极出现肿胀和开裂,槽电压异常升高,Al2O3的溶解度较低,抑制了阳极与电解质熔体(尤其是Al2O3)的交互作用,降低了材料的耐蚀性能.     

CaO掺杂Cu/(NiFe2O4-10NiO)金属陶瓷致密化及力学性能

采用冷压-烧结技术制备了CaO掺杂的Cu／（NiFe2O4-10NiO）金属陶瓷,研究了掺杂CaO的不同金属相cu含量的Cu／（NiFe2O4-10NiO）金属陶瓷相对密度及力学性能。试验结果表明：在1200％的烧结温度下,金属相含量为5％、10％和17％的2％CaO掺杂样品的相对密度分别为97．63％、96．10％和95．05％,比未掺杂CaO材料的相对密度提高约15％,且与未掺杂CaO材料在1250℃烧结时所获试样致密度相接近。当材料致密度一致时,掺杂2％CaO对Cu／（NiFe2O4-10NiO）金属陶瓷的抗弯强度及抗热震性能的影响较小。     

CaO 掺杂Cu/( NiFe2O4 -10NiO) 金属陶瓷导电性能研究

研究了掺杂CaO的不同金属含量的Cu/(NiFe2O4-10NiO)金属陶瓷的电导率。试验结果表明:受陶瓷基体NiFe2O4-10NiO电导率随温度变化的影响,对于掺杂或未掺杂CaO的Cu/(NiFe2O4-10NiO)金属陶瓷电导率随温度的升高而提高,并且随材料中金属相Cu含量的增加而提高;当金属相含量Cu由5%提高至17%时,2CaO-Cu/(NiFe2O4-10NiO)金属陶瓷960℃下的电导率由18.24 S.cm-1提高到31.09 S.cm-1。由于CaO掺杂后将导致材料中金属相Cu发生团聚和孤立现象,并在陶瓷基体中多以大颗粒存在,从而降低Cu/(NiFe2O4-10NiO)金属陶瓷的电导率,在900℃时,掺杂CaO后材料的电导率降低约43.3%。     

Fe2O3-NiO-TiN体系的初期烧结动力学研究

本文运用高温真空热膨胀仪,采用恒升温速率法研究了升温速率和nano-TiN添加量对NiFe2O4陶瓷基惰性阳极材料初期烧结行为的影响。结果表明：较低的升温速率可以促进烧结的致密化;nano-TiN可以降低Fe2O3-NiO体系的烧结颈温度,加快体系的致密化过程,TiN添加量为1%时,试样的线收缩率最大;TiN可以使得F2O3-NiO体系的初期烧结机制由晶界扩散转变为体积扩散,同时,也可以降低体系的烧结活化能,在TiN的添加量为1.0wt%时,体系的烧结活化能从未添加时的446.3kJ/mol降低到了217.4kJ/mol。     

铝电解惰性阳极材料的制备及抗腐蚀研究

本文制备了包括以NiO和Fe_2O_2为基的金属陶瓷和以SnO_2为主的氧化物陶瓷的惰性阳极材料,并测试了各种性能。研究选择了两种不同温度的电解质体系,一种是以NaF-AlF_3为主的高温体系,电解温度为960℃,另一种是以NaF-KF-AlF_3为主的低温体系,电解温度为800℃;在这两种体系中分别进行了电解试验,高温体系的平均腐蚀速率为0.0015cm/h,约是低温体系的2～3倍。     

掺杂SnO2对NiFe2O4陶瓷电导率的影响

采用冷压—烧结粉末冶金技术制备了NiFe2O4陶瓷，并对其进行SnO2掺杂。对光谱纯石墨和所制备的试样进行的不同温度下电导率测试研究表明：用直流四端电极法改进的高温电导率测试仪测定结果重现性和准确性良好；NiFe2O4陶瓷材料的导电性能随着温度升高而提高，且呈现半导体材料特性；掺杂少量SnO2有利于降低材料的活化能，提高其电导率，而不影响陶瓷基体材料的半导体特性。     

铝电解用NiO/Fe梯度功能电极的制备及其腐蚀行为

采用传统粉末冶金技术制备铝电解用NiO/Fe金属陶瓷惰性阳极,并研究其在Na3AlF6-Al2O3熔体中的腐蚀行为.结果表明,金属Ni与NiO陶瓷的润湿性能较好,NiO/Fe金属陶瓷的致密化容易实现,表现出相对好的耐蚀性.当分子比=2.3和氧化铝浓度近饱和时电极腐蚀率最小.     

NiAl2O4基惰性阳极的制备及电解腐蚀研究

采用热压方法研制了Al-Ni-Cu-O系金属陶瓷惰性阳极,阳极的成分以NiAl2O4尖晶石陶瓷为基体,含有10%～20%(wt)Cu和Ni的混合粉末,制得阳极试样的相对密度可达99%,该种阳极在900 ℃左右的电导率大于80 s/cm.采用自制的Ф150 mm×12 mm阳极,在150 A电流的情况下稳定电解24 h,对阳极的动态腐蚀行为进行研究.对电解后阳极的XRD研究发现,从阳极中心到表面NiO量逐渐增加,在阳极表面有新的NiO相生成,对比阳极中不同相的热膨胀性能,认为新相的生成导致了阳极的膨胀和分层.     

铜镍合金/NiFe2O4-10NiO复合陶瓷惰性阳极的制备及其性能研究*

以NiO、Fe2O3和铜、镍为主要原料,采用高能球磨—固相烧结法,制备出Cu-Ni-NiFe2O4-10NiO和(Cu-Ni合金)/NiFe2O4-10NiO金属陶瓷试样,研究了试样的物相组成、显微结构以及其体积密度、静态热腐蚀率、抗热震性和电导率。研究表明,合金粉的添加能够改善金属相的溢出现象并提高材料的物化性质。与Cu-Ni-NiFe2O4-10NiO金属陶瓷相比,合金粉均匀的弥散于陶瓷相中,减小了晶界间的势垒作用,使载流子更易通过晶界从而提高了试样的导电率,850℃时试样的电导率为60.7 S/cm;增大了材料的致密度;耐高温和抗冰晶石熔盐静态腐蚀率较低,平均腐蚀率降为12.62 mm/a;较大提高了试样的抗热震性。     

水热合成纳米NiFe_2O_4粉体

通过水热法采用Ni(N03)2·6H2O和FeCl3·6H2O合成纳米NiFe2O4粉体。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)对样品进行表征。结果表明,不同PEG和反应温度对合成纳米NiFe2O4粉体有影响。通过扫描电镜分析,不加PEG、加PEG-400和PEG-2 000对近似于球体颗粒粒度大小有影响,而加入PEG-20000,纳米NiFe2O4粉体形状变成了纳米线,均匀分布;不同反应时间对合成纳米NiFe2O4粉体没有明显的影响;而不同反应温度对合成纳米NiFe2O4粉体形状有影响,其影响是从纳米线变化到出现少量颗粒与纳米线混合,再到大量球形颗粒混合纳米线。水热过程是溶解再结晶的过程,部分晶体经高温后结晶成颗粒。     

Effect of MnO2 on properties of NiFe2O4 spinel based inert anode

In order to improve the properties of NiFe2O4 spinel based inert anode, some additive MnO2 were added to raw materials. NiFe2O4 spinel with MnO2 was made by solid-phase reaction at 1200℃for 6 h. XRD were carried out and the effects of MnO2 on density, conductivity and corrosion resistance were measured. XRD shows when MnO2 was added no new phases exist and MnO2 and NiFe2O4 formed solid solution; Mn4+ replaced parts of Fe3+ and the sample still had the structure of NiFe2O4 spinel. The crystal lattice of NiFe2 O4 spinel became aberrated when MnO2 was added, which can promote sintering, and improve density. Because Mn4+ replaces parts of Fe3+ and produces conduction electron, which can improve conductivity.The corrosion resistance of the samples was enhanced. When MnO2 is 1.0,, the sample''s corrosion rate is 1/5 of that of the sample without MnO2. The reason is that Al2 O3 in the melt reacts with Mn4+ in the sample to produce MnAl2O4. MnAl2 O4 forms a dense protecting coat, which can prevent melt from eroding further.Because the key problem with inert anodes is anode corrosion, so we consider the optimal amount of MnO2 is 1.0,.     

Effect of additive V2O5 on sintering mechanism and properties of inert anodes of NiFe2O4 spinel

In order to improve the properties of inert anode of NiFe2O4 spinel, some additive V2O5 was added to raw materials-powders of NiO and Fe2O3. The powders of NiO, Fe2O3 were mixed with slight amount of V2O5, then they are moulded and sintered at 1200℃ for 6h. The sintering mechanism of powders of NiO and Fe2O3 with some additive V2 O5 was researched. The effect of V2O5 on density, electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance of inert anode of NiFe2O4 spinel was studied at the same time. The results show that the sintering mechanism for powders of NiO and Fe2O3 with some additive V2O5 is liquid-phase sintering. Additive V2O5 can increase the density of the samples, especially it improves the corrosion resistance of the samples remarkably. When the amount of V2 O5 is 1.5 ,, the sample''s corrosion rate is 1/80 of that of sample without V2 O5. But the electrical conductivity of the samples with V2O5 is lower than that of the sample without V2O5.     

Study on sintering technique of NiFe2O4/SiCp used as matrix of inert anodes in aluminium electrolysis

In order to improve deficiencies of NiFe2O4 spinel used as matrix of inert anode in aluminium electrolysis, NiFe2O4/SiCp were prepared by the solid state reaction for the first time. Microstructural changes were observed by scanning electronic microscope and phase was determined with X-ray detector. Effect of sintering temperature and times on density, porosity and microstructure were researched, and the reasons that caused the difference were discussed deeply. At the same time the thermodynamical compatibility of NiFe2O4 and SiC was proved under 1200℃ by DTA.The results showed that the microstructure was more homogeneous when the sintering temperature reached 1 180℃and the density attained their maximum about 6 h sintering. The appropriate sintering technique of NiFe2 O4/SiCw composite materials was 1180℃× 6 h.     

Study on spinel-based inert anode for aluminium electrolysis

Hot press-sintering was adopted to fabricate inert cermets anodes based on the nickel aluminate and nickel ferrite for use in aluminum electrolysis research. The density of samples, fabricated by hot pressing, is close to the theoretic density. At 900℃, the electrical conductivity of the periments. Effect of anode current on nickel ferrite-based and the reason for it were studied. A theory is that a more uniform metal distribution by improving the hot pressing process gives increased corrosion resistance of the anode.     

掺杂对镍铁尖晶石阳极材料烧结性能及电导率的影响

研究了La2O3,TiO2和MnO2氧化物添加剂及其添加量对镍铁尖晶石阳极材料烧结性能及电导率的影响,并探讨了其导电机理。试验结果表明,La2O3不能改善试样的烧结性能及电导率,而添加量为1％（质量比）的TiO2氧化物添加剂可显著提高试样的烧结性能及电导率。其高温导电机理为P-型半导体和n-型半导体结构混合影响的小极化子跳跃理论。MnO2偏析于晶界,反而降低了试样的高温电导率。     

铝电解惰性阳极研究现状

介绍了国内外90年代以后铝电解惰性阳极方面的最新进展，指出了铝电解惰性阳极材料的研究方向和应用前景。     

新型Li4Ti5O12/双相TiO2纳米片的合成及性能

锂离子电池负极材料Li4Ti5O12由于具有独特的结构稳定性和突出的安全性而被广泛研究。然而,较差的高倍率性能严重限制了其在动力锂离子电池中的应用。为了进一步提升Li4Ti5O12负极材料的倍率性能,采用一种便捷的水热法成功制备了新型Li4Ti5O12/双相TiO2纳米片,为显著提高Li4Ti5O12基复合材料的电化学性能提供了一种简便而有效的方法。所合成的Li4Ti5O12/双相TiO2纳米片表现出优良的电化学性能：0.5 C时,具有174 mAh/g的超高可逆容量;当倍率高达30 C时,可逆容量超过140 mAh/g。新型Li4Ti5O12/双相TiO2纳米片的研究将为设计开发满足日益增长的高功率储能需求的新型无碳负极材料提供新思路。     

矿浆电解法处理辉铋矿的浸出机理

通过对石墨阳极极化曲线的研究，阐明了矿浆电解法在酸性氯盐介质中的阳极反应机理；在用热力学数据计算绘制Ｂｉ－Ｓ－Ｈ２Ｏ系的电位－ｐＨ图的基础上，借助于对过程浸出渣样的物相分析，探讨了辉铋矿的浸出机理。