中央空调水系统节能措施探讨

针对中央空调水系统常出现的大流量、小温差的情况,提出以水泵变频调速、采用环保型水处理剂、优化税系统的设计及加强系统的运行管理的措施来降低中央空调水系统的能耗。     

深圳地铁车站中央空调系统变频节能改造方案分析

深圳地铁一期工程中央空调系统风机及水泵均采用定频运行,其中,大系统及水系统在运营非高峰期及夜间非运营时段均有较大的节能空间.本文通过介绍深圳地铁一期工程华侨城站中央空调系统变频节能改造的案例,阐述变频技术在地铁中央空调系统的应用途径,分析改造存在的问题及优化方向,表明地铁车站中央空调系统应用变频节能技术具备经济性和可行性.     

浅谈中央空调循环水泵闭环变频节能的可行性

本文简要论述了安装中央空调循环水泵闭环变频系统在技术上的可行性并介绍了天安国际大厦安装闭环变频系统在经过一年来的实际运行后收到了良好的节能效果     

中央空调冷冻水泵变频调速运行特性研究(1)

通过分析变频冷冻水泵及冷冻水管路在变负荷时的特性，得出了冷冻水泵的扬程与流量、总能耗与流量的一般关系式，同时针对特定的空调系统，提出了冷冻水泵“等效静扬程”的概念，并应用其对空调变负荷时冷冻水泵变频调速工况进行了研究。指出在中央空调系统中，由于冷冻水管路特性曲线随空调负荷而变化，在确定水泵变频调速运行工况点时已不能直接应用泵的相似定律，泵的能耗不与转速的三次方成正比，而是同时与负荷及空调用户的位置等有关。     

变频技术在酒店空调水系统中节能潜力的分析

本文分析了变频技术的原理，结合重庆某酒店的制冷空调系统的运行和测试，分析了水泵安装变频器的节能效果。阐明了变频技术在酒店类建筑中的中央空调水系统中具有很大的节能潜力和应用的前景；同时提出了变频器应用中存在的问题。     

中央空调系统水泵变频运行性能的实验研究和节能分析

针对湖南某宾馆空调水泵系统的变频性能进行了实验研究,对变频控制技术在中央空调水系统中的应用进行了分析和探讨,认为对冷水泵和冷却水泵采用变频控制能起到显著的节能效果.     

浅析中央空调系统节能运行

文章介绍了中央空调系统在制冷机运行控制、冷却塔运行、冷却水系统与制冷机组运行联动、冷冻泵变频改造等节能管理和节能技术改造的相关措施,表明了加强中央空调系统的节能运行管理是实现公共建筑节能现实可行的措施。     

重庆中国三峡博物馆中央空调集中控制方案

三峡博物馆是重庆市的标志性建筑之一,是国家重点工程.三峡博物馆中央空调系统的设计、安装均按传统思路进行,两年来系统运行稳定、运行效果良好.为充分发挥本系统的硬件设备优势和设备管理团队的技术优势,建议在原有设备基础上,增设中央空调集中控制系统并对冷却水泵进行变频控制,以期实现空调主机和水系统统一指挥、有机联动,最终达到方便管理、节能降耗的目的.     

中央空调系统群控改造的节能技术应用

本文主要介绍采用变频调速技术结合metasys系统群控通过以太网从冷水机组中采集数据,减低水泵和冷水机组的功耗,避免了由于采用阀门造成的电能浪费,从而节约中央空调系统的运行费用。     

中央空调系统水泵设计的若干问题

本文通过分析中央空调系统水泵运行工况,结合工程实例,强调了合理选择循环水泵扬程的重要性,提出冬夏季水泵设置应通过综合经济比较合理确定,指出对于并联运行的水泵,应注意水泵的特性曲线和工况转换时系统的变化,认为水泵的安装位置应根据系统静压来确定,对中央空调系统设计有参考价值。     

飞行员对黑体汉字字形的视觉偏好研究

本文针对飞机驾驶舱控制面板字符标识,以常用的10种黑体汉字共组成45对字符作为材料,以153名现役飞行员为对象进行调查。在完成字体的两两比较之后,还要求飞行员根据自己的总体印象推荐出自己认为最适用于控制面板的两种黑体字形。依据调查结果,推荐了符合飞行员使用需求和视觉偏好的3种黑体字形,分别是5号(汉鼎简黑变)、1号(创意简粗黑)和2号(方正美黑简体)字体。为飞机驾驶舱控制面板黑体汉字标识的选用提供了参考依据。     

大规模废弃雷管的安全销毁试验研究

为了安全高效大规模销毁废弃雷管,采用爆炸法进行销毁,并在沙堆中进行爆破试验研究。首先进行小型爆破试验,测量爆破后漏斗尺寸,评价爆破效果,得出单坑适宜药量为400发;随后进行大型爆破试验,建立北部和西部两条爆破监测线,对爆破振动进行监测,分析在无障碍物和有障碍物情况下爆破地震波的衰减规律和爆破质点振动速度的回归公式,验证大型试验的可靠性和安全性;最后校核安全距离,在保证人员和周围工房安全基础上,顺利完成了雷管销毁任务。这不仅提高了效率,也大大节约了成本,为今后进行同类型的工程提供依据。     

口岸截获国内未分布的危险性有害生物状况的分析

总结和分析了 1990年至 2 0 0 1年我国口岸在进境植物检疫中截获的国内未分布的危险性有害生物的状况 .我国口岸截获的国内未分布危险性有害生物共有 75种 ,其中昆虫类 4 2种、病类 7种、线虫类 3种、杂草类 2 3种     

液相法制备无机纳米管的研究进展

综述了水热(溶剂热)法、溶胶-凝胶法、微波辅助法和低温溶液法制备无机纳米管的最新研究进展。分析了影响纳米管形貌的因素及纳米管的形成机理,对纳米管的应用进行了展望。     

特坚硬岩石基坑浅孔控制爆破技术

深圳市深云村经济适用房基坑底部开挖,遇有特坚硬岩石,需爆0.4～0.8m厚一层石方.在爆破设计和施工中,采用了多装药、同时爆、重填塞、强防护的技术措施,圆满完成了对其的控制爆破,经验可供类似工程参考.     

Analysis and simulation of hypervelocity gouging impacts for a high speed sled test

An analysis and simulation of the gouging impact phenomenon which occurs at the Holloman Air Force Base High Speed Test Track (HHSTT) during hypervelocity impact testing is presented. Simulations of the sled/rail interactions were conducted using the hydrocode, CTH. These simulations utilize the most accurate and validated material models for the sled shoes (VascoMax 300) and rail (1080 steel) – which were recently developed. Sled shoe impacts with the rail were evaluated using various geometries possible in the field. The conditions leading to hypervelocity gouging were identified, as well as the condition which resulted in rail wear. The CTH simulations match results observed in the field extremely well. Recommendations are made, based on the latest material models and simulations, which should significantly reduce the occurrences of hypervelocity gouging at the HHSTT.     

Terminology between chemistry and philology: A Polish interdisciplinary debate in 1900?

During the summer of 1900, the Chemical Section of the Society for the Promotion of Russian Industry and Commerce in Warsaw published a very special booklet in which prominent philologists debated proposals concerning adjustments to chemical nomenclature. Several issues were discussed, including systems of classification of chemical compounds, new specialist terms, and which element names to select among the many then in use. Chemists translated and modified these proposals while strongly disagreeing with using philological expertise. But both the booklet and the debate were novelties within discussions on chemical terminology, which provides an opportunity to examine the peculiarities of such endeavors. This article examines this special moment in the history of chemistry when chemists ceded (partially) their authority over their subject to philologists. I discuss how this episode was shaped by the low grade of academic professionalization in the Polish‐language scholarly community and the practical needs of industry, which engendered different habitus among scholars debating chemical issues. This paper asks what language was for chemists and philologists and which epistemic ideals were linked with it. I argue that this episode was a form of interdisciplinary interrogation in which philologists and their arguments were instrumentalized for the needs of chemists.     

纳米压痕试验结果的重复性和再现性

按照2002年颁布的ISO 14577-1《金属材料硬度和材料参数的仪器化压痕试验第1部分:试验方法》标准的规定方法,分别采用MTS,HYSI和CSM公司生产的纳米压痕仪,对熔融石英样品和高硬度GCr15钢样品进行了实验室之间的比对试验,并采用重复性和再现性来表征目前使用的纳米压痕试验的精密程度.     

纳米晶SnO2粉末的制备

采用常规溶液化学沉淀法,通过仔细控制沉淀速率以类独石状Ｓｎ（ＯＨ）４沉积物。采用两种不同的煅烧工艺制备ＳｎＯ２粉,即：常规的将沉淀物磨成粉末后煅烧和将灰独石状沉淀物直接煅烧。选取４５０、６００,７５０。９００和１０５０℃个温度条件,保温２ｈ煅烧。结果表明直接煅烧法得到的ＳｎＯ２粉末的晶粒平均尺度较常规煅烧工艺得到的ＳｎＯ２粉末（１２￣５０ｎｍ）小,从晶化动力学角度对该现象给予了解释。     

Preoperative opacification of acrylic intraocular lenses in storage

The preoperative opacification of acrylic intraocular lenses (IOLs) was investigated in order to determine its cause. Opacified IOLs were examined by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), the buffer solutions were analysed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and the rubber seals used in the bottles in which the IOLs were stored were ashed and tested. The deposit covering the opacified lenses contained a significant amount of zinc, which was absent from fresh IOLs and buffer solution. The source of this was found to be the rubber seals used to seal the glass bottles in which the IOLs were stored. There were two types of rubber seals used, red and grey in colour. The buffer solutions in which opacification had occurred was also contaminated with zinc, but this was only noticeable when using the red seals. This contamination was reproduced by boiling red seals in fresh buffer solution for eighty minutes, to simulate autoclaving. It was concluded that zinc from the zinc oxide used as filler in the rubber seals was leaching into the buffer solution and causing the IOLs to become opacified. This was found to be much worse in the case of the red seals than for the grey ones. However, minute crystals were found on the IOLs stored using the grey ones, which could potentially act as nucleation points for postoperative opacification.