合金元素对Laves相TiCr2力学性能的影响

研究了合金元素Ｎｂ,Ｍｏ,Ｖ和Ｎｉ对Ｌａｖｅｓ相ＴｉＣｒ２室温力学性能的影响,测量了抗压断裂强度、抗压断裂应变、显微硬度及断裂韧性。结果表明,这些元素都能改善ＴｉＣｒ２的室温力学性能,其中Ｎｂ的作用较小,而Ｖ和Ｎｉ的作用较大,明显地降低抗压断裂强度和显微硬度,提高断裂韧性     

Laves相NbCr_2合金的高温力学性能

Laves相NbCr2合金是一种颇具应用潜力的新型高温结构材料。综述了Laves相NbCr2合金在高温力学性能方面的研究状况,主要涉及该合金的高温变形机理以及合金化、材料制备方法和热处理工艺对合金高温力学性能的影响。最后就当前研究中面临的一些问题和今后的发展方向提出了一些建议。     

过渡金属元素在NbCr2 Laves相中晶格占位的第一性原理计算

采用全势线性缀加平面波方法和广义梯度近似对过渡金属元素V,Ti和W在C15结构的NbCr2 Laves相中的晶格占位进行了研究．计算结果表明,过渡族元素V,Ti和W在NbCr2中的晶格占位不尽相同．V优先占据NbCr2中Cr的晶格位置,W占据Cr的晶格位置的倾向很弱,而Ti优先占据Nb的晶格位置;生成热计算结果表明,当V占据NbCr2中Cr的晶格位置和Ti占据Nb的晶格位置时,可以使NbCr2Laves相更加稳定．结合电子结构计算结果对上述占位特性进行了讨论．     

合金元素Al对Laves相NbCr2显微组织及断裂韧性的影响

采用机械合金化+热压烧结的工艺路线制备Laves相NbCr2合金,研究合金元素Al对其显微组织、力学性能,特别是韧化效果的影响.结果表明:合金元素Al主要占据了Laves相NbCr2金属间化合物中Cr原子的晶格位置.添加合金元素Al的Laves相NbCr2合金较未合金化的NbCr2硬度有所提高;当Al含量达到12at%时,断裂韧性要高于未合金化的NbCr2合金,达到了6.8 Mpa√m,远远高于熔铸合金的断裂韧性(1.2 Mpa√m).     

合金元素Mo对Laves相TaCr_2合金显微组织及断裂韧性的影响北大核心CSCD

采用机械合金化+热压烧结的工艺路线制备Laves相TaCr_2合金,研究合金元素Mo对其显微组织、力学性能,特别是韧化效果的影响。结果表明:当Mo含量由0增加到5%(摩尔分数)时,Mo取代Laves相TaCr_2中Cr的位置为主。当Mo含量增加到7.6%和10%时,Mo取代Ta的位置更占优势。添加合金元素Mo的Laves相TaCr_2合金较未合金化的TaCr_2硬度略有降低;当Mo添加量≤7.6%,合金的断裂韧性微弱下降,当Mo含量达到10%时,合金断裂韧性要高于Mo添加量小于7.6%时的TaCr_2合金,达到4.26 MPa·m1/2。     

合金化元素对含LPSO相Mg-Y-Zn合金组织和力学性能影响的研究进展

镁合金具有比强度、比刚度高,铸造性能好等特点,是最轻的金属结构材料之一,具有良好的应用前景。近十年来,长周期堆垛有序(LPSO)结构的镁合金在Mg-Y-Zn三元体系中表现出独特的微观结构和优异的力学性能,受到广泛的关注。Mg-Y-Zn合金中LPSO相的晶体结构以周期性层错为特征,并伴随着Zn和Y原子在特定原子面上的富集。LPSO相由于其尺寸大,可以通过短纤维强化机制来提高合金的强度。研究表明,向含LPSO相的Mg基合金中添加不同合金元素,能够显著改善合金的组织和力学性能。综述了不同合金化元素对含LPSO相Mg-Y-Zn合金组织和性能的影响,进一步梳理该领域研究现状,并指出了未来发展的方向。     

合金元素对Ti-Mo合金的相结构和力学性能的影响

采用真空电弧熔炼工艺制备了含Fe、Nb、Al和Sn的Ti-12 Mo合金铸锭,并对其进行了950℃保温30 min炉冷和水冷的热处理.研究了化学成分和热处理对Ti-12 Mo合金相结构和力学性能的影响.结果表明:Ti-12 Mo合金中加入Al、Sn元素能起稳定α相的作用,加入Fe元素能起稳定β相的作用,加入Sn元素则阻...     

合金元素对Laves相增强Nb基合金的相组成

采用机械合金化与热压烧结工艺制备了添加合金元素V和Fe的Laves相增强的Nb基复合材料。研究了添加质量分数4%V和Fe的Nb/NbCr2-4.0V和Nb/NbCr2-4.0Fe配比成分的元素粉,经MA20h后在1250℃热压30min所获得的Nb/NbCr2合金的组织和性能。结果表明:在热压过程中原位合成出细小弥散分布的三元Laves相Nb(Cr,V)2和Nb(Cr,Fe)2,并且V和Fe原子只占据Laves相中的Cr原子位置。制备出的Laves相增强Nb基合金接近全致密,组织细小均匀,晶粒尺寸小于500nm。Nb/NbCr2-4.0V和Nb/NbCr2-4.0Fe合金的断裂韧性分别达到5.3和6.3MPa·m1/2,其中Nb/NbCr2-4.0Fe合金不仅抗压强度达到2256MPa,其屈服强度和塑性应变也分别达到2094MPa和6.03%。     

合金元素对Laves相NbCr2基化合物物理冶金及力学性能的影响

拓扑密排结构的金属间化合物是潜在的高温结构材料,Laves相金属间化合物是其中最大的一类.而Laves相NbCr2基化合物已成为高温结构材料研究中的一个热点.该化合物具有较高的熔点、较低的密度和比较好的抗氧化性.综述了合金元素对Laves相NbCr2基化合物的晶体结构、缺陷、相稳定性等物理冶金特性以及硬度、强度和延性、高温流变性能、断裂韧性等力学性能方面的影响,介绍了微量合金元素所产生的掺杂效应,并就目前研究中的不足以及该研究领域的发展方向提出了一些看法.     

Ni含量对MgCu2型Laves相的结构和力学性能影响

采用机械活化+热压烧结制备Laves相Mg(Cu1-xNix)2(0≤x≤0.35),对热压产物进行物相、显微组织及力学性能分析。结果表明:MgCu2中的部分Cu被Ni替代,晶体结构并未改变,主相仍为C15结构的Laves相。随Ni替代量增多,整个XRD衍射峰向高角度偏移量增大,点阵常数减小;Ni加入使组织均匀、细小,晶格畸变和晶粒尺寸增大,致密度提高,显微硬度增大,抗压强度和抗弯强度先增大后减小。     

ZrCr2 Laves相弹性性质和堆垛层错能的第一性原理计算

采用缀加平面波加局域轨道方法和广义梯度近似对立方C15结构的ZrCr2Laves相金属间化合物的弹性性质，包括弹性常数和弹性模量，以及层错能进行理论计算。结果表明：计算得到的ZrCr2Laves相的弹性性质与实验结果相近，其泊松比和弹性各向异性系数大小说明ZrCr2中原子键合的方向性并不强烈；ZrCr2Laves相的内禀和外禀层错能分别为112mJ／m^2和98mJ／m^2。并计算了层错与位错的弹性交互作用。对ZrCr2Laves相的力学特性和变形机制进行了讨论。     

合金化对ZrMn2基Laves相贮氢合金相组成的影响

研究了Ni、V、Cr、Co、Fe、Cu和Ti等合金化元素取代ZrMn2 基Laves相贮氢合金的B侧或A侧对合金相组成的影响。结果表明 ,采用不同的元素对A侧或B侧进行部分取代 ,将引起ZrMn2 基合金相组成的变化。采用Ni取代Mn后 ,ZrMn2 合金的主相结构转变为C15型Laves相 ,表明Ni为C15相稳定元素。对Zr Mn Ni三元合金 ,V为C14相稳定元素 ,而Co、Fe、Cu则为C15相稳定元素。取代量较少时 ,Cr为C15相稳定元素 ,取代量增加时 ,C15相稳定作用减弱。Ti元素为C14相稳定元素 ,Ti对Zr的部分取代将导致合金主相结构转变为C14型Laves相。合金化元素对ZrMn2 合金的相组成的影响与元素的电子浓度和原子尺寸不同有关     

Influence of alloying elements on mechanical properties of Al-Li plates

The effect of alloying elements such as Cu, Mn and Zr on the mechanical properties of the Al-Li plates was studied, and the grain structure, crystallographic texture and precipitates were also investigated. It is found that the element Zr has a two-fold effect on the anisotropy of mechanical properties; the addition of element Mn can reduce the crystalline texture and the anisotropy of Al-Li plates. However, the effect of Cu element appears less pronounced.     

Influence of alloying elements on the mechanical properties of high-strength weld metal

High-strength lightweight constructions are a crucial part of transportation systems and steel constructions optimised for low energy consumption. In this investigation, the aim is to understand the influence of different alloying elements on the mechanical properties of all-weld metal samples of high-strength filler metals. Metal-cored wires with adjusted chemistry were produced and the measured yield strength is compared with calculated values which were obtained by thermodynamic and kinetic simulations. By increasing the content of the matrix alloying elements, no increase in strength could be achieved, but compared to that, higher strength was obtained by the addition of Ti, Nb and Al in combination. Furthermore, the influence of different Ti, Al and N contents is presented and discussed.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Zn-Gd-based alloys strengthened with quasicrystal and Laves phase

One kind of Mg3.5Zn0.6Gd-based alloy strengthened with quasicrystals was designed, and the effect of alloying elements on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-Zn-Gd alloy at room temperature and elevated temperatures were studied. The results indicate that MgZnCu Laves phase, which coexists with quasicrystal at grain boundary, emerges with the addition of copper element in Mg-Zn-Gd alloy. The strength of alloys exhibits the parabola curve with the increase of copper content. The alloy with 1.5% （mole fraction） Cu shows better mechanical properties at room temperature： tensile strength 176 MPa, yield strength 176 MPa and elongation 6.5%. The existence of MgZnCu Laves phase can effectively improve the heat resistance and elevated temperature properties of the alloy. The alloy with 1.5% Cu has better mechanical properties at 200℃ ： tensile strength 130 MPa and elongation 18.5%. The creep test of the alloys at 200℃ and 50 MPa for 102 h indicates that Mg3.5Zn0.6Gd alloy reinforced with quasicrystal has better creep properties than AE42, which can be further improved with the introduction of Laves phase in the alloy.     

Effect of alloying elements on structure and mechanical properties of semi-solid processed cast iron

Semi-solid metal processing of alloys is one of the key technologies for producing advanced materials. Through semi-solid processing, it is possible to produce high quality cast components from grey cast iron. A series of experiments were carried out to clarify the effect of the alloying elements copper, chromium, molybdenum, and nickel on the properties of cast iron. A comparison was made of the microstructure and mechanical properties in semi-solid processed cast iron and ordinary cast iron. This showed that an increase in the level of alloying elements in cast iron gave a higher level of hardness. However, the tensile strength of alloyed semi-solid cast iron did not exceed that of grey iron, for every composition, as a result of the characteristic microstructure produced by semi-solid processing. Thus, the alloying elements had little effect on the tensile strength of semi-solid cast iron, but did have an effect on elongation. The tensile strength of semi-solid cast iron, however, still depends on the cooling rate.     

Effect of alloying elements on mechanical properties in Cu-15%Cr in-situ composites

The effects of alloying elements on the mechanical properties as well as electrical conductivity in Cu-15% (mass fraction) in-situ composites were systemalically studied and high strength and high electrical conductive Cu base in-situ composites have been developed. The best combination is the addition of 0.1% to 0.2% Zr, Ti, or Sn in Cu-15%Cr in-situ composite, thermomechanical treatment to refine the microstructure and optimizing the precipitation of second phase. The strength is controlled by high density of dislocations in the Cu matrix, the lamellar spacing of the second phase, and the fine Cr precipitates. The aging treatment to reduce solute atoms has a beneficial effect on the increase of electrical conductivity. The addition of Zr, or Ti of about 0. 15% to 0.2% promotes the precipitation of Cr particles.     

添加合金化元素对铸态Mg-Sn-Ca合金的显微组织和力学性能的影响

在铸态Mg-Sn-Ca （TX系列）合金中添加不同含量的Sn、Ca、Al、Si和Zn等合金化元素,研究其在25~250°C温度范围内的压缩强度和显微组织变化。当合金中Sn/Ca质量比到达2.5时,在晶界处有Mg2Ca相生成;而当Sn/Ca质量比为3时,合金基体中只有CaMgSn相存在。当Sn/Ca质量比在2.5以上时,合金的压缩强度随着温度的升高而降低,在100~1750°C保持基本不变,这主要是由于生成的Mg2Ca相的强化作用所致。然而,当Sn/Ca质量比为3时,合金的强度较低,且随着温度的升高而下降更快。在这些合金中,Mg-3Sn-2Ca合金的强度最高。向其中添加0.4%Al会导致其强度增加,然而同时添加Si会导致强度下降。同样地,添加Zn也能够提高合金的强度,而同时添加Al会导致强度下降。导致合金强度变化的原因与合金中生成的各种金属间化合物有关。