合金元素对Laves相TiCr2力学性能的影响

研究了合金元素Ｎｂ,Ｍｏ,Ｖ和Ｎｉ对Ｌａｖｅｓ相ＴｉＣｒ２室温力学性能的影响,测量了抗压断裂强度、抗压断裂应变、显微硬度及断裂韧性。结果表明,这些元素都能改善ＴｉＣｒ２的室温力学性能,其中Ｎｂ的作用较小,而Ｖ和Ｎｉ的作用较大,明显地降低抗压断裂强度和显微硬度,提高断裂韧性     

Laves相NbCr_2合金的高温力学性能

Laves相NbCr2合金是一种颇具应用潜力的新型高温结构材料。综述了Laves相NbCr2合金在高温力学性能方面的研究状况,主要涉及该合金的高温变形机理以及合金化、材料制备方法和热处理工艺对合金高温力学性能的影响。最后就当前研究中面临的一些问题和今后的发展方向提出了一些建议。     

过渡金属元素在NbCr2 Laves相中晶格占位的第一性原理计算

采用全势线性缀加平面波方法和广义梯度近似对过渡金属元素V,Ti和W在C15结构的NbCr2 Laves相中的晶格占位进行了研究．计算结果表明,过渡族元素V,Ti和W在NbCr2中的晶格占位不尽相同．V优先占据NbCr2中Cr的晶格位置,W占据Cr的晶格位置的倾向很弱,而Ti优先占据Nb的晶格位置;生成热计算结果表明,当V占据NbCr2中Cr的晶格位置和Ti占据Nb的晶格位置时,可以使NbCr2Laves相更加稳定．结合电子结构计算结果对上述占位特性进行了讨论．     

合金元素Al对Laves相NbCr2显微组织及断裂韧性的影响

采用机械合金化+热压烧结的工艺路线制备Laves相NbCr2合金,研究合金元素Al对其显微组织、力学性能,特别是韧化效果的影响.结果表明:合金元素Al主要占据了Laves相NbCr2金属间化合物中Cr原子的晶格位置.添加合金元素Al的Laves相NbCr2合金较未合金化的NbCr2硬度有所提高;当Al含量达到12at%时,断裂韧性要高于未合金化的NbCr2合金,达到了6.8 Mpa√m,远远高于熔铸合金的断裂韧性(1.2 Mpa√m).     

合金元素Mo对Laves相TaCr_2合金显微组织及断裂韧性的影响北大核心CSCD

采用机械合金化+热压烧结的工艺路线制备Laves相TaCr_2合金,研究合金元素Mo对其显微组织、力学性能,特别是韧化效果的影响。结果表明:当Mo含量由0增加到5%(摩尔分数)时,Mo取代Laves相TaCr_2中Cr的位置为主。当Mo含量增加到7.6%和10%时,Mo取代Ta的位置更占优势。添加合金元素Mo的Laves相TaCr_2合金较未合金化的TaCr_2硬度略有降低;当Mo添加量≤7.6%,合金的断裂韧性微弱下降,当Mo含量达到10%时,合金断裂韧性要高于Mo添加量小于7.6%时的TaCr_2合金,达到4.26 MPa·m1/2。     

合金元素对Ti-Mo合金的相结构和力学性能的影响

采用真空电弧熔炼工艺制备了含Fe、Nb、Al和Sn的Ti-12 Mo合金铸锭,并对其进行了950℃保温30 min炉冷和水冷的热处理.研究了化学成分和热处理对Ti-12 Mo合金相结构和力学性能的影响.结果表明:Ti-12 Mo合金中加入Al、Sn元素能起稳定α相的作用,加入Fe元素能起稳定β相的作用,加入Sn元素则阻...     

合金元素对Laves相增强Nb基合金的相组成

采用机械合金化与热压烧结工艺制备了添加合金元素V和Fe的Laves相增强的Nb基复合材料。研究了添加质量分数4%V和Fe的Nb/NbCr2-4.0V和Nb/NbCr2-4.0Fe配比成分的元素粉,经MA20h后在1250℃热压30min所获得的Nb/NbCr2合金的组织和性能。结果表明:在热压过程中原位合成出细小弥散分布的三元Laves相Nb(Cr,V)2和Nb(Cr,Fe)2,并且V和Fe原子只占据Laves相中的Cr原子位置。制备出的Laves相增强Nb基合金接近全致密,组织细小均匀,晶粒尺寸小于500nm。Nb/NbCr2-4.0V和Nb/NbCr2-4.0Fe合金的断裂韧性分别达到5.3和6.3MPa·m1/2,其中Nb/NbCr2-4.0Fe合金不仅抗压强度达到2256MPa,其屈服强度和塑性应变也分别达到2094MPa和6.03%。     

合金元素对Laves相NbCr2基化合物物理冶金及力学性能的影响

拓扑密排结构的金属间化合物是潜在的高温结构材料,Laves相金属间化合物是其中最大的一类.而Laves相NbCr2基化合物已成为高温结构材料研究中的一个热点.该化合物具有较高的熔点、较低的密度和比较好的抗氧化性.综述了合金元素对Laves相NbCr2基化合物的晶体结构、缺陷、相稳定性等物理冶金特性以及硬度、强度和延性、高温流变性能、断裂韧性等力学性能方面的影响,介绍了微量合金元素所产生的掺杂效应,并就目前研究中的不足以及该研究领域的发展方向提出了一些看法.     

Ni含量对MgCu2型Laves相的结构和力学性能影响

采用机械活化+热压烧结制备Laves相Mg(Cu1-xNix)2(0≤x≤0.35),对热压产物进行物相、显微组织及力学性能分析。结果表明:MgCu2中的部分Cu被Ni替代,晶体结构并未改变,主相仍为C15结构的Laves相。随Ni替代量增多,整个XRD衍射峰向高角度偏移量增大,点阵常数减小;Ni加入使组织均匀、细小,晶格畸变和晶粒尺寸增大,致密度提高,显微硬度增大,抗压强度和抗弯强度先增大后减小。     

热压时间对Laves相Cr2Nb合金组织与性能的影响

采用机械合金化 热压工艺路线制备化学配比成分的单相Laves相Cr2Nb合金.研究了Cr、Nb元素粉经20h球磨后在1300℃不同时间热压所获得的Laves相Cr2Nb合金的组织性能.结果表明,采用机械合金化 热压工艺可以制备出高致密度的组织细小均匀的Laves相Cr2Nb合金,随着热压时间的延长,合金的致密度、晶粒尺寸和维氏硬度逐渐增大而断裂韧度逐渐减小.1300℃×30min的热压试样的平均晶粒尺寸达到亚微米级,致密度达到98.7%,断裂韧度达到5.07MPa·m1/2,与熔铸法制备的Laves相Cr2Nb相比,室温断裂韧性提高,实现了细晶组织对Laves相Cr2Nb合金的增韧效果.     

ZrCr2 Laves相弹性性质和堆垛层错能的第一性原理计算

采用缀加平面波加局域轨道方法和广义梯度近似对立方C15结构的ZrCr2Laves相金属间化合物的弹性性质，包括弹性常数和弹性模量，以及层错能进行理论计算。结果表明：计算得到的ZrCr2Laves相的弹性性质与实验结果相近，其泊松比和弹性各向异性系数大小说明ZrCr2中原子键合的方向性并不强烈；ZrCr2Laves相的内禀和外禀层错能分别为112mJ／m^2和98mJ／m^2。并计算了层错与位错的弹性交互作用。对ZrCr2Laves相的力学特性和变形机制进行了讨论。     

合金化对ZrMn2基Laves相贮氢合金相组成的影响

研究了Ni、V、Cr、Co、Fe、Cu和Ti等合金化元素取代ZrMn2 基Laves相贮氢合金的B侧或A侧对合金相组成的影响。结果表明 ,采用不同的元素对A侧或B侧进行部分取代 ,将引起ZrMn2 基合金相组成的变化。采用Ni取代Mn后 ,ZrMn2 合金的主相结构转变为C15型Laves相 ,表明Ni为C15相稳定元素。对Zr Mn Ni三元合金 ,V为C14相稳定元素 ,而Co、Fe、Cu则为C15相稳定元素。取代量较少时 ,Cr为C15相稳定元素 ,取代量增加时 ,C15相稳定作用减弱。Ti元素为C14相稳定元素 ,Ti对Zr的部分取代将导致合金主相结构转变为C14型Laves相。合金化元素对ZrMn2 合金的相组成的影响与元素的电子浓度和原子尺寸不同有关     

Physical metallurgy and mechanical properties of transition-metal Laves phase alloys

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the recent research on the phase stability, point defects, and fracture toughness of AB₂ Laves phases, and on the alloy design of dual-phase alloys based on a soft Cr solid solution reinforced with hard XCr₂ second phases (where X=Nb, Ta and Zr). Anti-site defects were detected on both sides of the stoichiometric composition of NbCr₂, NbCo₂, and NbFe₂, while they were observed only on the Co-rich side of ZrCo₂. Only thermal vacancies were detected in the Laves phase alloys quenched from high temperatures. The room-temperature fracture toughness cannot be effectively improved by increasing thermal vacancy or reducing stacking fault energy through control of phase stability. Microstructures, mechanical properties, and oxidation resistance of dual-phase alloys based on Cr–NbCr₂, Cr–TaCr₂, and Cr–ZrCr₂ were studied as functions of heat treatment and test temperature at temperatures to 1200°C. Among the three alloy systems, Cr–TaCr₂ alloys possess the best combination of mechanical and metallurgical properties for structural use at elevated temperatures.     

Influence of alloying elements on mechanical properties of Al-Li plates

The effect of alloying elements such as Cu, Mn and Zr on the mechanical properties of the Al-Li plates was studied, and the grain structure, crystallographic texture and precipitates were also investigated. It is found that the element Zr has a two-fold effect on the anisotropy of mechanical properties; the addition of element Mn can reduce the crystalline texture and the anisotropy of Al-Li plates. However, the effect of Cu element appears less pronounced.     

Oxidation resistance and mechanical properties of Laves phase reinforced Cr in-situ composites

Two-phase Cr(X)–Cr₂X (X=Nb, Ta) in-situ composites are of interest for high-temperature applications due to their high melting points and potential for high-temperature strength. A six cycle, 120 h, 1100°C cyclic oxidation screening test was used to evaluate potential for high-temperature oxidation resistance of several Cr(X)–Cr₂X in-situ composites. Alloys based on the Cr–Ta system near the Cr(Ta)–Cr₂Ta eutectic exhibited superior oxidation resistance compared to corresponding alloys based on the Cr–Nb system. The binary Cr–Ta alloys were also found to exhibit a moderate degree of room-temperature fracture toughness, in the range of 9–10 MPa√m. It was concluded that the Cr(Ta)–Cr₂Ta alloys are a promising base for future high-temperature intermetallic alloy development efforts.     

Influence of alloying elements on the mechanical properties of high-strength weld metal

High-strength lightweight constructions are a crucial part of transportation systems and steel constructions optimised for low energy consumption. In this investigation, the aim is to understand the influence of different alloying elements on the mechanical properties of all-weld metal samples of high-strength filler metals. Metal-cored wires with adjusted chemistry were produced and the measured yield strength is compared with calculated values which were obtained by thermodynamic and kinetic simulations. By increasing the content of the matrix alloying elements, no increase in strength could be achieved, but compared to that, higher strength was obtained by the addition of Ti, Nb and Al in combination. Furthermore, the influence of different Ti, Al and N contents is presented and discussed.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Zn-Gd-based alloys strengthened with quasicrystal and Laves phase

One kind of Mg3.5Zn0.6Gd-based alloy strengthened with quasicrystals was designed, and the effect of alloying elements on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-Zn-Gd alloy at room temperature and elevated temperatures were studied. The results indicate that MgZnCu Laves phase, which coexists with quasicrystal at grain boundary, emerges with the addition of copper element in Mg-Zn-Gd alloy. The strength of alloys exhibits the parabola curve with the increase of copper content. The alloy with 1.5% （mole fraction） Cu shows better mechanical properties at room temperature： tensile strength 176 MPa, yield strength 176 MPa and elongation 6.5%. The existence of MgZnCu Laves phase can effectively improve the heat resistance and elevated temperature properties of the alloy. The alloy with 1.5% Cu has better mechanical properties at 200℃ ： tensile strength 130 MPa and elongation 18.5%. The creep test of the alloys at 200℃ and 50 MPa for 102 h indicates that Mg3.5Zn0.6Gd alloy reinforced with quasicrystal has better creep properties than AE42, which can be further improved with the introduction of Laves phase in the alloy.     

合金元素对单相渗碳体磁性粉体制备及性能的影响

通过机械合金化和真空退火热处理的方法制备了单相渗碳体粉末,并结合第一性原理计算,分析了Mn、Cr和Si对合金渗碳体的成相能力及渗碳体磁学性能的影响.结果表明,机械合金化+600℃真空热处理可获得单相渗碳体.Si的加入完全抑制了渗碳体的生成,而加入Mn、Cr对渗碳体生成有促进作用.Cr、Mn合金化的渗碳体的粉末饱和磁化强...