间断变形工艺提高AZ31镁合金超塑性的研究

研究间断变形工艺对AZ31镁合金超塑性的影响。结果表明,当温度为400-440℃、应变速率小于5×10^-4s^-1时,间断变形工艺可以显著提高AZ31镁合金的超塑性。计算了空洞体积分数与空洞数量的关系。结果表明,空洞体积分数与空洞数量呈正比。对拉伸试样断口形貌的分析表明,间断变形减少了空洞数量,因而减小了空洞体积分数,提高了超塑性伸长率。     

粗晶粒铸轧AZ31镁合金的高温拉伸性能

研究了具有较大晶粒尺寸铸轧态AZ31镁合金的高温拉伸性能。通过热处理获得晶粒尺寸d=27．8μm的板材,对不同试样,在温度分别为300,350,400,450℃恒温条件下,以10^-3s^-1和10^-3s^-1恒定拉伸速率对试样进行拉伸至失效实验。结果表明,粗晶粒AZ31镁合金在450℃和10^-3s^-1条件下达到最大的延伸率106．7％。拉伸试样断口形貌的分析表明,450℃时出现丝状物质是合金出现液态zn的结果。少量的液相可以释放应力集中和协调此时的变形过程。与细晶粒铸轧态AZ31相比,在拉伸条件相同和晶粒尺寸不同的情况下,粗晶粒的塑形较低,其原因是晶界滑移在变形时所作贡献少。     

等通道转角挤压AZ81镁合金超塑性变形行为

等通道转角挤压是细化晶粒、提高镁合金性能的一种有效途径，研究等通道转角挤压AZ81镁合金的超塑性行为对其工程应用具有重要的意义.为此，采用路径A对AZ81镁合金进行了2道次等通道转角挤压，并通过超塑拉伸试验研究了等通道转角挤压AZ81合金在200～300 ℃温度范围内的超塑性变形行为.结果表明，在250 ℃下，当应变速率为1×10^-3 s^-1时，等通道转角挤压AZ81合金的伸长率达到了731%，表现出了相当好的低温超塑性.此外，塑性流变激活能的计算结果和超塑拉伸试样的表面形貌观察揭示，等通道转角挤压AZ81合金的超塑性变形机制为晶界扩散控制的晶界滑移机制.     

热轧镁合金AZ31B板材的超塑性变形行为与机制

研究工业态热轧 AZ31B镁合金板材的超塑性及变形机制,在应变温度为 723K,应变速率为 1× 10-3s-1的实验条件下,其最大断裂延伸率达到 216%,应变速率敏感指数达 0.36;研究结果表明:晶界滑动( GBS)是工业态热轧 AZ31B镁合金超塑性的主要变形机制,变形初期有动态再结晶发生,断裂是由晶界处形成的空洞不断长大、连接而引起的.     

Constitutive analysis of AZ31 magnesium alloy plate

The plastic deformation simulation of AZ31 magnesium alloy at different elevated temperatures (from 473 to 723 K) was performed on Gleeble-1500 thermal mechanical simulator at the strain rates of 0.01, 0.1, 1, 5 and 10 s-1 and the maximum deformation degree of 80%. The relationship between the flow stress and deformation temperature as well as strain rate was analyzed. The materials parameters and the apparent activation energy were calculated. The constitutive relationship was established with a Zener-Holl...     

As-extruded AZ31B magnesium alloy fatigue crack propagation behavior

The fatigue crack propagation rate of as-extruded AZ31B magnesium alloy was studied. Compact tension [C(T)] of the notch direction parallel (T-L), vertical (L-T), and inclined at 45o to the extrusion direction was investigated. The experimental results indicate that the crack propagation direction is parallel to the extrusion direction for T-L and L-T specimens, whereas the specimen inclined at 45o has an angular deflection of 9° to 11° toward the extrusion direction. The T-L specimen has the fastest fatigue crack propagation rate, and the L-T specimen has the slowest rate, the fatigue crack propagation rate of the specimen inclined at 45o is between the two directions. The crack tip propagates by both transgranular and intergranular fractures. Fatigue fractures consist of cleavage plane or quasi-cleavage and are brittle fractures. The fatigue striation occurs for specimens inclined at 45o and its size is 3-15 μm.     

Hot Deformation Kinetics of Magnesium Alloy AZ31

1 IntroductionManyirreplaceable characteristics andthe abundanceof magnesiumalloyin nature have drawn a world wide at-tentionin 21st century.In contrast with the cast magne-siumalloy,wrought magnesiumalloyis much betterinitscomprehensive mechanical properties ,so a wide applica-tionis found in many fields like transportation,aeronau-tics ,electricity and communication.The flowstress of a material depends upontwo majorfactors ,namely,its own characteristics and its deforma-tionterms .The basic …     

AZ31B镁合金动态力学行为及变形机制

为了研究挤压态AZ31B镁合金在高应变速率下的力学行为及变形机制,采用分离式Hopkinson压杆和反射式拉杆装置在室温对挤压态AZ31B镁合金进行了动态压缩和拉伸试验,平均应变速率范围在500~2600s^-1之间,用光学显微镜观察了测试后试样的微观组织变化.结果发现,由于在挤压过程中形成了基面织构,沿挤压方向压缩时,拉伸孪晶｛1012｝<1120>首先启动,屈服强度对应变速率不敏感,且屈服强度较低,但在塑性变形的第二阶段,位错滑移参与变形,应变速率硬化效应显著;沿挤压方向拉伸时,压缩孪晶｛1011｝<1120>和非基面滑移是其主要的塑性变形机制,合金屈服强度较高,并表现出轻微的正应变速率效应;由于织构的形成,合金在压缩和拉伸时表现出很强的拉压不对称性,压缩屈服强度与拉伸屈服强度的比值约为0.32.     

不同温度下AZ31镁合金绝热剪切变形局域化

为了了解镁合金在不同温度高应变率载荷作用下发生变形局域化的特点,进而揭示镁合金在高速冲击载荷作用下发生绝热剪切的特殊规律,采用分离式Hopkinson压杆对挤压态AZ31镁合金进行了常温及高温的高速冲击压缩试验,而后对不同温度冲击后的试样通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜进行变形机制的分析.结果表明:常温下试样在受到剪切力后,在剪切区的裂纹周围产生了大量的孪晶;高温下试样的剪切区内产生了明显的绝热剪切带,并且在剪切带周围发现了大量平行的孪晶.在TEM下观察到剪切带内为等轴晶晶粒,在剪切区内发生了动态再结晶过程.     

Anisotropic plastic deformation behavior of as-extruded ZK60 magnesium alloy at room temperature

The anisotropic plastic deformation behavior of as-extruded ZK60 magnesium alloy at room tempera-ture (RT) was investigated by compressive and tensile testing in different directions, i.e. the loading axis oriented at 0°, 45° and 90° to the extrusion direction. The relationship between texture and plastic deformation behavior were examined. The results show that the extruded ZK60 alloy exhibits a strong ring fiber texture. The mechanical properties are strongly orientation dependent. In tension testing, the 0° specimen exhibited higher yield strength and lower elongation. In compression testing, however, ZK60 alloy exhibited almost the same yield strength in three directions. The anisotropic plastic defor-mation behavior is due to strong fiber texture and the lower symmetry of the hexagonal close packed (hcp) structure of ZK60 alloy. The correlation between texture and mechanical behaviour offers the possibility to improve the mechanical properties of magnesium alloy by optimization of the material production process.     

MgCO_3对AZ31镁合金晶粒的细化

研究了MgCO3对AZ31镁合金凝固组织的影响。结果表明:随着MgCO3的增加,合金中的β-Mg17Al12相由晶内分布变为晶间分布。在AZ31中添加0.6%的MgCO3,于760℃时保温10min,细化效果最佳。α-Mg晶粒的尺寸由基体合金的570μm降至100μm,降低幅度约为82.5%,抗拉强度提高了57.9%,延伸率约提高了11.1%。通过能谱分析,结合能计算及自由能计算证实,细化机理是MgCO3反应后生成的部分Al4C3质点作为异质核心细化晶粒。多余的Al4C3质点钉扎晶界阻碍晶粒长大。Al元素随固/液界面前沿被快速推至晶界,生成沿晶界生长的β-Mg17Al12相,起到进一步固定晶界的作用。合金元素的分布均有改变。     

AZ31镁合金板材复合形变的孪晶组织及晶粒尺寸

研究了复合形变对镁合金AZ31板材性能的影响规律,比较了不同变形齿间比、温度和压下量对镁合金板材微观组织的影响。研究结果表明,在复合变形条件下,随着齿间比的增大,板材孪晶体积分数逐渐减小,平均晶粒尺寸有先减小后增大的趋势。随着压下量的逐渐增大,板材的孪晶体积分数逐渐增大,平均晶粒尺寸也有先减小后增大的趋势。同时过大的压下量容易导致板材断裂。随着变形温度的提高,板材能完成较大的变形量,但是孪晶体积分数逐渐减少,晶粒尺寸先减小后增大。     

AZ31B变形镁合金板材的TIG焊接

采用TIG焊对5 mm厚AZ31B挤压镁合金板材进行了焊接试验。采用万能拉伸试验机、金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和显微硬度仪等分析测试手段对焊接接头的组织、力学性能以及断口形貌等进行了分析。探讨了焊接电流对焊接接头的组织及力学性能的影响,揭示了不同焊接电流下焊接接头的断裂机制。结果表明,采用TIG焊焊接5 mm厚AZ31B镁合金板时,开X型坡口,采用双面焊接双面成型工艺,在130~145 A焊接电流及合适焊接速度条件下,能得到表面成型良好的焊接接头。当正反面焊接电流均为145 A时,AZ31B镁合金板焊接接头的抗拉强度达到最大值248.6 MPa,约为母材强度的84.0%。AZ31B镁合金板焊缝区显微硬度比母材区稍有所下降,热影响区显微硬度下降比较严重。当焊接电流为145 A时,AZ31B镁合金板焊接拉伸断口有大量韧窝,属韧性断裂。     

大规格AZ31B变形镁合金坯料的高纯净化制备

为了实现高纯大规格AZ31B变形镁舍金坯料工业化生产,通过对原辅料的控制,采用双联气体保护熔炼、电磁泵转移和液压式半连续铸造,并严格控制熔炼温度、浇铸温度、浇铸水压和浇铸速度,生产出了质量较高的变形镁舍金坯料．经检测,化学成分符舍ASTM—B93标准,内部组织和纯净度符合Q／QC011—2006规定,     

Microstructure evolution of AZ31 Mg alloy during change channel angular extrusion

Microstructure evolution of AZ31 Mg alloy during change-channel angular extrusion (CCAE) was investigated. The grains of AZ31 Mg alloy were refined significantly from 500 mm to 15 mm after CCAE deformed at 523 K. Dislocations were induced at the initial stage of extrusion and they rearranged themselves to form dislocation boundaries and sub-grain boundaries during deformation. When the specimen through the horizontal change channel with the strain increased, the sub-boundaries evolved to high angle grain boundaries (HAGB). The process of grain refinement can be described as continuous dynamic recovery and recrystallization (CDRR).     

Property and microstructure analysis of ZK60 alloy superplastic sheet

It was investigated that the superplastic mechanical properties of fine-grained ZK60 magnesium alloy sheets at the temperature range of 200-420 ℃ and strain rate range of 5.56 × 10-4 -5.56 ×10-2 s-1 by tensile tests.And the microstructure evolution during the superplastic deformation of ZK60 magnesium alloy was examined by metallurgical microscope and transmission electronic microscope (TEM).The results showed that fine-grained ZK60 magnesium alloy starts to exhibit superplasticity from 250 ℃ and the maximum elongation is about 1106% at 400 ℃ and 5.56 × 10-4 s-1.The strain rate sensitivity is significantly enhanced with the increase of temperature and with the decrease of strain rate.The predominate superplastic mechanism of ZK60 magnesium alloy is grain boundary slide (GBS) at the temperature range of 300-400 ℃.The grains of ZK60 alloy remain equaxial after superplastic deformation,and dynamic continuous recrystallization (DCRX) is an important softening mechanism and grain stability mechanism during the superplastic deformation of the alloy.The curved grain boundaries and crumpled bands at grain boundaries after deformation prove GBS generates during superplastic deformation of ZK60 magnesium alloy.     

AZ31B镁合金和6065铝合金动态压缩行为数值模拟

为了研究帽状试样AZ31B镁合金和6065铝合金在动态压缩变形过程中的温度、应力与应变演变规律,采用Johnson-Cook本构方程和累积塑性损伤方程进行了数值模拟,运用有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA模拟了AZ31B镁合金和6065铝合金帽状试样的动态变形过程.结果表明,两种合金的裂纹萌生和扩展过程相似,局域化变形带内塑性应变由内向外对称分布.相比于AZ31B镁合金,6065铝合金的塑性应变影响区域更为狭小,其应变和应变率硬化效果更强.6065铝合金的变形温度能够达到其动态再结晶临界点,因而易于绝热剪切带的形成.     

晶粒大小对AZ31镁合金绝热剪切敏感性的影响

为了研究晶粒尺寸对镁合金绝热剪切敏感性的影响,采用等通道转角挤压(ECAP)技术对AZ31镁合金进行了不同程度的晶粒细化并采用分离式Hopkinson压杆对细化后的AZ31镁合金试样进行了动态剪切试验.采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和维氏硬度计,分别对冲击压缩后的AZ31镁合金试样进行了组织观察和硬度测试.结果表明,晶粒越小,AZ31镁合金的绝热剪切敏感性越弱.在对绝热剪切带及其周围组织进行维氏硬度测量时发现,剪切带内细小晶粒区的硬度明显高于其周围组织的硬度.     

AZ31镁合金心形件超塑气胀成形过程数值模拟

在超塑成形条件和超塑成形机理基础上,采用有限元分析软件MSC．MARC对AZ31镁合金薄板心形件,在不同成形温度和应变速率条件下的恒应变速率超塑气胀成形过程进行了数值模拟分析．设计20组模拟参数组合对胀形件的壁厚、危险区域进行分析,得出AZ31镁合金薄板心形件具有最佳成形质量时的温度值、应变速率值以及在此条件下的压力／时间关系（P—t曲线）．同时本文对心形件的胀形过程以及成形特点进行了分析,对AZ31镁合金薄板心形件在胀形过程中．可能出现的缺陷位置做了预测．     

Improved mechanical properties in AZ31 magnesium alloys induced by impurity reduction

Mechanical properties and microstructures of AZ31 magnesium alloys containing different impurity levels but having the same alloying element content, were investigated at ambient temperature. These AZ31 alloys were produced by semi-continuous casting, wherein the content of impurity was varied systematically. Microstructure observation shows that finer grains are existent in the alloy with lower impurity level. Tensile testing reveals that a reduction of impurity content results in a noticeable increase of the strength and elongation in the alloys in the cast, homogenized and extruded states. As the impurity content decreases from 0.0462wt% to 0.0163wt%, the ultimate tensile strength is evidently enhanced by 62 MPa and the elongation is nearly doubled in the homogenized specimen. The observed property improvement was discussed in terms of the microstructure variation with impurity reduction.