ISHSN：一种异构传感网融合系统

针对异构传感网导致的系统融合问题,提出了一种异构传感网融合系统(ISHSN)。ISHSN由物联网关和接入代理构成,物联网关对于上行数据进行同一化转换,对于下行控制命令按照目的传感网控制协议进行转换;接入代理进行数据汇集、链路合并以及命令转发,并且运用基于历史增量信息预测的接入代理调度算法,有效分散传感网接入负载。实验表明ISHSN在异构传感网数据汇集以及传感网控制方面具有良好的可扩展性和可用性。     

Energy-efficient area monitoring for sensor networks

The nodes in sensor networks must self-organize to monitor the target area as long as possible. Researchers at the Fundamental Computer Science Laboratory of Lille are developing strategies for selecting and updating an energy-efficient connected active sensor set that extends the network lifetime. We report on their work to optimize energy consumption in three separate problems: area coverage, request spreading, and data aggregation.     

Body sensor networks for ubiquitous healthcare

Body sensor networks provide a platform for ubiquitous healthcare, driving the diagnosis in hospital static environment to the daily life dynamic context. We realized the importance of sensing of activities, which is not only a dimension of human health but also important context information for diagnosis based on the physiologic data. This paper presents our ubiquitous healthcare system, uCare. It consists of uCare devices and a server system. Currently, the uCare system is designed for cardiovascular disease (CVD) examination and management. The uCare device has been tested in a trial in Beijing Hospital. The uCare system will be further tested in elderly care at home and exercise management in training to measure heart dynamics during training.     

无线传感器网络的拓扑维护

首先对拓扑维护进行了定义,描述了拓扑维护的设计目标,并设计了一个拓扑维护通用模型;然后阐述了拓扑维护技术的研究进展,并对其中有代表性的算法进行了比较分析;最后指出了目前拓扑维护研究中存在的问题及其发展趋势.     

传感器网络中一种基于编码的MAC生成算法

用于数据认证的消息验证码(MAC)在传统有线和无线网络已有广泛应用。然而，传统的MAC生成算法往往生成较长的MAC，并不适合带宽有限的传感器网络。因此，提出了一种适用于传感器网络的MAC生成算法。算法通过位运算和逻辑移位进行数据替换，从而得到与验证的数据长度无关的定长MAC，有效减小了MAC的数据传输量。理论分析及实验仿真表明新算法在保证安全性的同时具有更小的通信开销，是一种能量有效的算法。     

Energy-saving models for wireless sensor networks

Nowadays, wireless sensor networks are being used for a fast-growing number of different application fields (e.g., habitat monitoring, highway traffic monitoring, remote surveillance). Monitoring (i.e., querying) the sensor network entails the frequent acquisition of measurements from all sensors. Since sensor data acquisition and communication are the main sources of power consumption and sensors are battery-powered, an important issue in this context is energy saving during data collection. Hence, the challenge is to extend sensor lifetime by reducing communication cost and computation energy. This paper thoroughly describes the complete design, implementation and validation of the SeReNe framework. Given historical sensor readings, SeReNe discovers energy-saving models to efficiently acquire sensor network data. SeReNe exploits different clustering algorithms to discover spatial and temporal correlations which allow the identification of sets of correlated sensors and sensor data streams. Given clusters of correlated sensors, a subset of representative sensors is selected. Rather than directly querying all network nodes, only the representative sensors are queried by reducing the communication, computation and power costs. Experiments performed on both a real sensor network deployed at the Politecnico di Torino labs and a publicly available dataset from Intel Berkeley Research lab demonstrate the adaptability and the effectiveness of the SeReNe framework in providing energy-saving sensor network models.     

一种无线传感器网络链式传输分簇路由协议

由于周围环境对无线传感器网络(WSNs)的影响,在布设到特殊环境下时会产生信号的衰减与损耗,导致通信不畅。针对此问题,提出一种以LEACH路由协议为基础适应特殊环境(长直空间)的新型路由算法。本算法采用链式传输,即从内部逐一将信号传输给距空间最外端且距基站位置较近的簇头,克服了内部节点死亡过快的问题。同时簇内采用链式传输并且改进簇头阈值与成簇半径,减小了能量消耗,提高了稳定性,克服了LEACH算法的不足。     

无线传感器网络的覆盖控制

覆盖控制作为无线传感器网络中的一个基本问题,在国内外已经取得了一些研究成果。根据不同的性质,覆盖控制问题可以划分为不同的类型(如,静态覆盖和动态覆盖、确定性覆盖和随机性覆盖)。主要针对静态覆盖(区域覆盖、点覆盖、栅栏覆盖)问题中一些典型算法,分类进行了描述,并比较了它们之间的优缺点,最后,指出了需要进一步的研究工作。     

无线传感器网络中的拓扑控制 *

拓扑控制是无线传感器网络研究中的核心问题之一 ,它对于提高网络生存周期、降低通信干扰、提高 MAC和路由协议、保证网络连通和覆盖质量、提高网络服务等具有重要意义。阐述了拓扑控制技术研究的进展,首先描述了拓扑控制及其方法、评价标准 ,然后从平面网络、层次型网络拓扑控制介绍了一些代表性的研究工作 ,并指出了这些工作存在的不足 ,最后总结了研究现状中存在的问题以及拓扑控制研究的发展方向。     

传感器网络中基于连通支配集的路由算法

针对传感器网络节点资源有限的特点,结合连通支配集的概念,提出了基于小连通支配集的路由算法,算法通过高效地构造最小连通支配集形成一个虚拟骨干网,使得数据转发可以高效地进行,而且算法是层次式的,具有良好的可扩展性,模拟实验和理论分析也表明算法具有良好的性能。     

Energy-efficient bootstrapping for wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks are poised for increasingly wider uses in many military and civil applications. Such applications has stimulated research in a number of research areas related to energy conservation in such networks. Most such research focuses on energy saving in tasks after the network has been organized. Very little attention has been paid to network bootstrapping as a possible phase where energy can be saved. Bootstrapping is the phase in which the entities in a network are made aware of the presence of all or some of the other entities in the network. This paper describes a bootstrapping protocol for a class of sensor networks consisting of a mix of low-energy sensor nodes and a small number of high-energy entities called gateways. We propose a new approach, namely the slotted sensor bootstrapping (SSB) protocol, which focuses on avoiding collisions in the bootstrapping phase and emphasizes turning off node radio circuits whenever possible to save energy. Our mechanism synchronizes the sensor nodes to the gateway’s clock so that time-based communication can be used. The proposed SSB protocol tackles the issue of node coverage in scenarios, when physical device limitations and security precautions prevent some sensor nodes from communicating with the gateways. Additionally, we present an extension of the bootstrapping protocol, which leverages possible gateway mobility.     

无线传感器网络的RSSI定位技术研究

在许多无线传感器网络应用中,定位已经成为一个基本的服务需求.分析了基于接收信号强度(RSS)测量模型的位置估计,详细地推导了单个盲节点位置的概率密度函数并分析两个盲节点位置的概率分布的关系,通过该模型的极大似然估计可以得出盲节点位置,而且在此基础上修正了该定位估计算法,使得系统中盲节点越多其估计位置的精度越高,最后通过有效的仿真验证了算法.     

Wireless sensor networks for emergency navigation

In an emergency, wireless network sensors combined with a navigation algorithm could help safely guide people to a building exit while helping them avoid hazardous areas. We propose a distributed navigation algorithm for emergency situations. At normal time, sensors monitor the environment. When the sensors detect emergency events, our protocol quickly separates hazardous areas from safe areas, and the sensors establish escape paths. Simulation and implementation results show that our scheme achieves navigation safety and quick convergence of the navigation directions. We based our protocol on the temporally ordered routing algorithm for mobile ad hoc networks. TORA assigns mobile nodes temporally ordered sequence numbers to support multipath routing from a source to a specific destination node.     

无线传感器网络中基于位置信息的路由算法研究

为了保证移动无线传感器网络中数据的高效稳定传输,提出了一种基于地理位置信息支持多个移动sink的路由算法.该算法将监测区域分成一个固定不变的规则网格网络,并对网格簇头节点的选举方法进行了改进;通过数据的冗余传递和搜索框、候选转发节点集合的设置保证了数据传送的可靠性与时延性;同时容忍圆的引入保证了低功耗的要求.仿真结果表明,该算法较两层数据分发协议有更高的传输可靠性和较低的功耗.     

一种无线传感器网络安全方案*

提出了一种无线传感器网络安全方案.它不但提供了一般的安全手段,还支持网内安全处理以延长网络生命期以及概率性多路径冗余传输来识别恶意节点.     

Environmental sensor networks

The developments in wireless network technology and miniaturization makes it possible to realistically monitor the natural environment. Within the field of environmental sensor networks, domain knowledge is an essential fourth component. Before designing and installing any system, it is necessary to understand its physical environment and deployment in detail. Sensor networks are designed to transmit data from an array of sensors to a server data repository. They do not necessarily use a simple one way data stream over a communication network rather elements of the system decide what data to pass on, using local area summaries and filtering to minimize power use while maximizing the information content. The Envisense Glacs Web project is developing a monitoring system for a glacial environment. Monitoring the ice caps and glaciers provides valuable information about the global warming and climate change.     

Distributed estimation for adaptive sensor selection in wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are usually deployed for monitoring systems with the distributed detection and estimation of sensors. Sensor selection in WSNs is considered for target tracking. A distributed estimation scenario is considered based on the extended information filter. A cost function using the geometrical dilution of precision measure is derived for active sensor selection. A consensus-based estimation method is proposed in this paper for heterogeneous WSNs with two types of sensors. The convergence properties of the proposed estimators are analyzed under time-varying inputs. Accordingly, a new adaptive sensor selection (ASS) algorithm is presented in which the number of active sensors is adaptively determined based on the absolute local innovations vector. Simulation results show that the tracking accuracy of the ASS is comparable to that of the other algorithms.