宾馆的卫生热水循环系统

介绍了一个简洁实用化的宾馆卫生热水供应系统，并通过实例对两种卫生热水供应用系统作了可操作性和投资运行性两方面的比较，结论是减少了初投资的10％和运行电费的60％。     

带卫生热水装置的新型溴化锂中央空调

随着人们生活水平的提高,空调已走入千家万户,空调的功能也越来越全面。供冷、供暖、供卫生热水等功能齐全的中央空调越来越普及。但是这种机组在供卫生热水的同时,能耗升高、效率下降、运行不够稳定、结垢较严重,热应力大,给安全运行带来了隐患。 一、各种型式供卫生热水的中央空调分析 目前蒸汽型溴化锂中央空调几乎都是直接用换热器加热卫生用水。直燃机同时供冷、供暖、供卫生热水的机组,在结构型式上主要有两种,即: (1)真空锅炉型; (2)附加热水器型。 以冷剂水循环方式区分,有: (1)热水器加热蒸汽冷凝为冷剂水直接回流高发型; (2)热水器加热蒸汽冷凝为冷剂水接到冷凝器闪发、降温,加入循环型。 不管是哪一种型式,溴化锂机组供卫生热水都是用高位能蒸汽直接加热卫生热水。由于直燃型溴化锂机组所用加热卫生热水的蒸汽都是高发产生的一次蒸汽。因此制冷的同时制卫生热水,则制冷量相应降低。(除非加大高压发生器)加之加热卫生热水的热源温度高,热膨胀和结垢严重,存在安全隐患,使得用户在供冷的同时供卫生顾此失彼,很难满足用户对经济、实用、安全方面的要求。而且由于热水器流程短,在卫生热水用量较大的时候,一次循环温升有限,机组很难满足用户对温度的要求。     

太阳热水系统节能量计算方法探讨

针对太阳辐照量、用户热水用量随时间段变化的情况,提出了分时间段计算的用户全年热水需能量、太阳热水系统年产能量计算公式及太阳热水系统年节能量与节能率的计算公式,还提出了用太阳热水系统利用率来优化太阳热水系统的设计方法,有助于设计一个合理、高效的太阳热水系统,提高太阳热水系统的利用率及减少投资回收期.该计算方法也可供其他可...     

地源热泵技术在住宅中的综合应用

介绍了青岛某别墅的空调和热水供应系统的方案设计.设计方案把地源热泵技术用于住宅的空气调节、卫生热水供应和游泳池补水供水,还采用了辐射供暖与辐射供冷等节能新技术.文章详细介绍了系统流程、特点、工作原理和设计参数的选取等.     

几种太阳能热水系统的You分析

运用热力学的热平衡和You分析原理,对几中太阳能热水系统进行了用能效率分析,得出了强制循环太阳能热水系统的热效率和You效率为提高、自然循环次之、直流式系统最低,分析了太阳能热水系统You损最大部分是因管路的散热所致,因此加强循环管理绝热保温是提高太阳能热水系统用能效率的主要途径。     

太阳能系统、风冷热泵系统、燃气锅炉联合制热水的节能效益分析

文章针对海烟大酒店应用的太阳能、风冷热泵系统、燃气锅炉联合制热水系统进行阐述,通过理论分析与实践检验,分析了三者联合运行的节能效益,提出了适应海烟大酒店的最佳热水系统运行方式。     

动态信息

首座实用大型太阳能空调热水系统在我国研制成功刘启扬广西区农村能源办公室龚粹珍利用清洁、永恒的太阳能作能源，发展太阳能空调热水系统，具有一定的社会和经济效益。国家“九五”重点科技攻关项目——我国首座实用性大型太阳能空调热水系统由中国科学院广州能源研究所研制成功。该系统利用太阳能集热器产生热水，用热水作能源推动吸收式制冷机制冷；同时，孩系统也可以全年提供生活用热水，该系统包括500m’的太阳能平板集热器、两级吸收式制冷机等组成部分，制冷的热源温度为65℃左右，并完全进行自动控制。该系统具有热效率高、节能、…     

太阳能热水系统装置的效益分析

太阳能热水系统装置的效益分析北京市农村能源办公室史殿林太阳能热水系统装置主要是生产低温用热水，一般作为人们淋浴之用。那么，它的效益如何呢？我们可以用平板式太阳能热水系统装置为实例进行分析。１．系统装置效益目前，从北京市五家太阳能热水器生产企业调查，采...     

某酒店地表水地源热泵空调、热水系统设计分析

随着国家和广西对可再生能源开发利用的相关政策及法律法规相继出台,可再生能源开发利用规模不断扩大,其中对太阳能热水及太阳能光伏发电系统的应用较为普遍,相关的数据和分析较多。但由于初投资及系统复杂性等原因,广西区内采用地源热泵系统利用浅层地能的项目相对较少,相关数据和分析就更少。以广西某市实际项目为例,介绍地表水地源热泵空调、热水系统设计,并与常规空调热水系统对比分析地表水地源热泵系统在项目运用的优劣性,为类似项目的地表水地源热泵空调、热水系统应用提供借鉴。     

家用太阳热水系统热性能测试标准浅析

目前,我国家用太阳热水系统标准主要有:GB/T18708-2002<家用太阳热水系统热性能测试方法>、GB/T19141-2003((家用太阳热水系统技术条件>.前者为测试方法标准,后者为产品标准.GB/T18708-2002等同于国际标准ISO9459-2,测试方法更具科学性.     

A study on the new separate heat pipe refrigerator and heat pump

A new separate heat pipe refrigerator and heat pump is suggested based on the general three temperature thermal jet refrigerator and heat pump cycle. Sub-cooled hot water or other appropriate liquid heated by low grade heat sources forms the hot end and another heat pipe containing evaporator and condenser ends, adiabatic section of two-phase ejector and throttling tube is as the cold end of the separate heat pipe system. Performance relations for the thermal jet refrigerator and heat pump of such system is analyzed and a method of thermodynamic performance analysis is recommended. Primary prediction shows the feasibility of such heat pipe system for cold and warm water supply.     

复合式土壤源热泵系统设计

设计了一套复合式土壤源热泵性能实验台,采用冷却塔作辅助冷源、太阳能热水器作辅助热源,能够实现冬季供暖、夏季供冷、一年四季提供60~80℃生活热水的功能。给出了系统中热泵机组、空调末端设备、冷却塔、水泵、太阳能热水器等主要部件的选型计算方法,经搭建好的土壤源热泵性能实验台运行测试,制冷和制热效果良好,同时也解决了土壤热平衡问题。     

Experimental investigation and performance analysis on a solar adsorption cooling system with/without heat storage

A solar adsorption cooling system which can be switched between a system with heat storage and a system without heat storage was designed. In the system with heat storage, a heat storage water tank was employed as the link between the solar collector circulation and the hot water circulation for the adsorption chillers. However, the heat storage water tank was isolated in the system without heat storage, and the hot water was directly circulated between the solar collector arrays and the adsorption chillers. It was found that the inlet and outlet temperatures for the solar collector arrays and the adsorption chillers in the system without heat storage were more fluctuant than those of the system with heat storage. Also found was that the system with heat storage operated stably because of the regulating effect by the heat storage water tank. However, under otherwise similar conditions, the cooling effect of the system without heat storage was similar to that of the system with heat storage. Compared with the system with heat storage, the system without heat storage has the advantages of higher solar collecting efficiency as well as higher electrical COP.     

Experimental results of a sensible heat storage system for residential and light commercial application

This paper presents the performance results for a sensible heat storage system. The system under study operates as an air source heat pump which stores the compressor heat of rejection as domestic hot water or hot water in a storage tank that can be used as a heat source for providing building heating. Although measurements were made to quantify space cooling, space heating, and domestic water heating, this paper emphasizes the space heating performance of the unit. The heat storage system was tested for different indoor and outdoor conditions to determine parameters such as heating charge rate, compressor power, and coefficient of performance (COP). The thermal storage tank was able to store a full charge of heat. The rate of increase of storage tank temperature increased with outdoor temperature. The heating rate during a charge test, best shown by the normalized rate plots, increased with evaporating temperature due to the increasing mass flow rate and refrigerant density. At higher indoor temperature during the discharge tests, the rate of decrease of storage tank temperature was slower. Also, the discharge heating rate decreased with time since the thermal storage tank temperature decreased as less thermal energy became available for use. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Experimental and theoretical study of waste heat recovery from a refrigeration system using a finned helical coil heat exchanger

This paper is an experimental and theoretical study that aimed at conserving energy by utilizing the waste heat generated from a refrigeration system by calculating the range of condensation after the compression stage for the refrigerant (R410A). A helical coil tube‐shell heat exchanger was designed as a heat recovery unit to use the waste heat from an air conditioner 1TR (split type) in the outdoor unit between the compressor and the condenser to produce hot water and increase the coefficient of performance (COP) of the refrigeration cycle. Two experimental types of the helical coil heat exchanger (conventional and finned) were used in attempts to induce absorption of the rejected heat into tap water. The increase in the COP ranges from 12.5% to 40%, an increase in the water outlet temperatures difference reaches 12°C. A cost–benefit analysis in terms of the net present value and the payback period (PP) has been performed. From the analysis, it has been observed that the use of the designed heat recovery unit will save electrical consumption to produce the required hot water with a PP of about 11.7 months for the conventional heat exchanger and 17.5 months for the finned helical coil heat exchanger.     

直膨式太阳能热泵运行特性的实验研究

对直接膨胀式太阳能热泵热水系统进行了实验研究,实验期间,太阳能辐照度变化范围为143.12~664.6 W/m2,分别采用三种不同结构的集热器和蒸发器,得出系统COP为2.49~3.47,表明该系统在各种天气情况下均能够可靠地生产45℃的生活热水,热性能稳定,可以全天候地提供生活热水且具有节能效果;同时选取双集热器的两组数据,分析了太阳辐照度对热泵系统运行的影响。     

星级酒店中央空调冷凝热回收利用项目分析

介绍了利用高温水源热泵回收星级酒店中央空调运行时产生的大量冷凝热，制备生活热水的技术方案和经济分析。     

水源热泵空调系统运行优化

以采用水源热泵机组的某住宅小区为例,分析其建筑的冷热负荷特性,探讨其变化规律;对水源热泵机组、水泵系统、热源井的运行控制策略提出优化方案,为同类工程的节能运行提供参考。     

A study on the performance of a geothermal heat exchanger under coupled heat conduction and groundwater advection

Being environmental friendly and with the potential of energy-efficiency, more and more ground-source heat pump (GSHP) systems are being widely used. However, the influence of groundwater advection on the performance of the geothermal heat exchanger (GHE) in a GSHP is not still clearly known. In this paper, the configuration of a vertical dual-function GHE used in an integrated soil cold storage and ground-source heat pump (ISCS&GSHP) system, which charged cold energy to soil at night and produced chilled water in daytime in summer, and hot water for heating in winter, is firstly presented. This is then followed by a report on a mathematical model for the GHE considering the impact of the coupled heat conduction and groundwater advection on the heat transfer between the GHE and its surrounding soil. The GHE model developed was then integrated into a previously developed simulation program for an ISCS&GSHP system, and the operating performances of the GHE in an ISCS&GSHP system having a vertical dual-function GHE have been studied by simulation and reported. These simulation results, firstly seen in open literature, are much helpful to the design of a GHE buried in soil and widely used in GSHP systems or ISCS&GSHP systems.     

Evaluation and optimization of water source heat pump for district heating: A case study in steel plant

Using high-temperature heat pump technology to recover waste heat of circulating cooling water in a steel plant for central heating system not can only reduce the temperature of circulating cooling water to meet the needs of smelting process but also can save energy and protect environment as well as bring great economic benefits to steel plant that can sell heat to the heat users. The energy consumption equation of heat pump central heating system was established based on the energy consumption of heat pump, energy consumption of water pump, and heat loss. The optimal inlet water temperature, inlet flow rate, and the number of operating heat pump modules at different outdoor temperatures were calculated by genetic algorithm. The superiority and operating control strategy of heat pump central heating system were discussed. The results show that with the increase of outdoor temperature, the optimal inlet flow rate and the number of operating heat pump module decrease. However, the inlet water temperature almost does not change. It is more suitable for the heat pump central heating system to change the inlet flow and the number of operating heat pump modules. The operating control strategy equation was established by linear fitting, which provides guidance for the engineering application of heat pump central heating system.