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Z. Idiri H. Mazrou S. Bedek 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms》2010,268(2):213-107
A prompt gamma neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) set-up with an Am-Be source developed for in situ analysis of liquid samples is described. The linearity of its response was tested for chlorine and cadmium dissolved in water. Prompt gamma efficiency of the system has been determined experimentally using prompt gamma of chlorine dissolved in water and detection limits for different elements have been derived for domestic waste water. A methodology to analyze any kind of liquid is then proposed. This methodology consists mainly on using standards with water as bulk or in the case of absolute method, to use gamma efficiency determined with prompt gammas emitted by chlorine dissolved in water. To take into account the thermal neutron flux variations inside the samples, flux monitoring was carried out using a He-3 neutron detector placed at the external sample container surface. Finally, to correct for the differences in gamma attenuation, average gamma attenuations factors were calculated using MCNP5 code. This method was then checked successfully by determining cadmium in industrial phosphoric acid and our result was in good agreement with that obtained with inductively coupled plasma (ICP) method. 相似文献
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The optimum moderator geometry increases the performance of prompt gamma neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) method considerably. In this work an 241Am-Be source was used in the moderator geometry for detecting buried landmines by PGNAA method. Experiments were done to find the best moderator geometry for the moderated 241 Am-Be source, by replacing the mine with a neutron detector and counting the thermal neutron flux. The flux of thermal neutrons at the place of mine was used as a determining factor to introduce the best moderator geometry. 相似文献
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用低密度富氢材料作为241Am-Be中子源防护罐屏蔽材料,防护罐尺寸大,屏蔽效率低,不利于现场测井作业。利用蒙特卡罗模拟方法,分别计算多种屏蔽材料对中子的慢化效果,优化设计了中子屏蔽效果好、相对轻便的防护罐。模拟结果得到:针对石油测井常用的18 Ci 241Am-Be中子源屏蔽罐,内层选用钨作为高能快中子的慢化层,厚度取13 cm;外层选用硼聚乙烯作为较低能量快中子慢化和热中子吸收层,厚度取18 cm。防护罐整体尺寸为φ62 cm×62 cm,体积0.187 m3,质量430 kg,比传统石蜡罐直径和重量约小一半,屏蔽罐外辐射剂量率小于0.025 mSv·h-1,符合辐射防护标准要求。 相似文献
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研究了7种煤中主要元素对241Am-Be中子源在煤中形成中子场的影响,给出了描述中子场中快中子和热中子数量变化曲线的经验公式和拟合参数。 相似文献
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针对国内中子测井所使用探测器探测效率不能满足实际应用的情况,采用~(241)Am-Be中子源和LaBr_3:Ce探测器在中石油公司一个放射性同位素中子测试井中对H、C、Fe等几种地壳元素进行了测量,并与现今测井常用的锗酸铋(Bismuth Germanium Oxide,BGO)探测器进行对比测量。测得的能谱结果对比发现,进行地壳元素测量时LaBr_3:Ce探测器比BGO探测器具有更高的能量分辨率,并且在相同外部测试条件下BGO探测器探测到Fe峰非常微弱。因此将LaBr_3:Ce探测器进一步应用到测井中的市场前景广阔。 相似文献
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Am-Be中子源辐射场周围剂量当量与吸收剂量的计算 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
根据最近更新的微观中子核反应截面数据(ENDF/B-Ⅶ库)计算了热中子到20MeV中子能区,H、C、N、O、Ar5种元素以及干燥空气和ICRU四元素组织的中子比释动能系数(kerma因子)。在此基础上,结合MCNP程序对Am-Be源外中子能谱的模拟,计算了Am-Be源中子场的周围剂量当量,单位中子注量下为373.0pSv•cm2。利用本实验室计算国产Am-Be源的中子能谱,算得相应中子场的周围剂量当量为374.0pSv•cm2,距离该源1m处空气对中子和γ射线的吸收剂量率分别为1.457×10-2和1.580×10-1μGy/(GBq•h)。 相似文献
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瞬发伽玛活化分析中3种探测器性能比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用中国先进研究堆(CARR)热中子束流孔道首次开展了瞬发伽玛中子活化分析(PGNAA)实验。对NH4Cl、Si、Fe、Al等4种样品进行了辐照,同时采用HPGe、LaBr_3、BGO 3种探测器对样品进行实时测量,在瞬发伽玛射线的能量为0.002~10 MeV范围内研究了3种探测器在宽能区的能量线性、能量分辨率、探测效率等性能。 相似文献
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241Am-Be中子源被广泛用于实验研究,为保护实验人员免受中子及γ射线照射,需要设计适当的屏蔽。利用蒙特卡罗方法计算中子透射不同材料后的能谱分布与剂量,优选各层屏蔽材料种类与厚度,设计一套241Am-Be中子源紧凑型屏蔽装置。装置由内而外采用钨+聚乙烯+含硼聚乙烯+不锈钢进行防护,外表面周围剂量当量率H*(10)低于10μSv/h,满足辐射防护要求。同时对装置内部热中子、超热中子和快中子注量分布进行研究,确定装置快中子和热中子输出通道最佳位置。在辐照装置同时开放快中子和热中子通道进行实验测试时,需要设置距离大于130 cm的控制区,以保障操作人员安全。 相似文献
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《核技术(英文版)》2016,(6):137-141
A Bonner sphere spectrometer(BSS) was developed for neutron diagnostic on HL_2A Tokamak.It contains eight polyethylene spheres embedded with SP9~3 He proportional counter.Before setting up on the Tokamak experimental hall,a verification experiment was arranged on a~(241)Am–Be neutron source to test its spectrometry capability.The neutron response functions were calculated by Monte Carlo code Geant4 to simulate the real measurement environments.By least square method,the neutron spectrum was finally unfolded on log domain from0.1 e V to 11 Me V.It has a remarkable consistency to the ISO 8529-1 standard~(241)Am–Be neutron spectrum.This shows that the BSS is effective and reliable for neutron spectrum determination. 相似文献
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实验室中的同位素Am-Be中子源在有关中子活化方法研究以及在核反应堆中子测量系统研制过程中的调试和刻度等方面都有着非常重要的作用.为使这些应用更有效并得到更准确的实验结果,需要知道Am-Be中子源在周围慢化介质中热中子通量密度的分布.用蒙特卡罗方法并结合中子源发射率计算得到了居里级Am-Be中子源在圆柱形水池中不同半径... 相似文献
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水泥原料中Ca、Fe、Si、Al等元素含量的高低决定着水泥的品质,而元素的含量与其对应的峰面积呈正比。由于氢元素既影响快中子慢化效率,同时又具有很高的热中子俘获截面,因此,本工作利用蒙特卡罗软件MCNP建立了基于252 Cf中子源的瞬发γ中子活化分析(PGNAA)水泥在线分析系统模型,分别对0%~5%水含量下的水泥原料进行模拟分析。通过解谱分析分别得到各关键元素的峰面积,分析了水含量变化对关键元素峰面积的影响,并建立了水含量自校正模型。结果显示,本文所建立的自校正模型能将未知水含量状况下各关键元素的峰面积校正为不含水状况下的峰面积,有效剔除了原料中水含量的影响,从而提高了各关键元素的测量精度。 相似文献
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《核技术(英文版)》2016,(1):8-12
A prompt gamma neutron activation analysis setup was developed for heavy metal detection in aqueous solutions with a 300 m Ci241Am-Be neutron source and a4 4 inch(diameter height) BGO detector. In the present work, heavy metals, including Mn, Cu, Ni, Cr and Zn, were measured by the setup. The minimum detectable concentrations of Mn, Cu, Ni, Cr and Zn were 246.6, 391.2, 218.1,301.5 and 2804.1 ppm, respectively. The minimum detectable concentration of each element and the linearity response between the characteristic peak counts and elements concentrations have been studied. And the results showed that all heavy metals had a good linear relationship between characteristic peak counts and concentrations. 相似文献
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大容量钴源运输容器为运输工业用钴源而设计的专用设备。由于内容物放射性活度水平很高、衰变热很大,仅有少数国家具有设计能力,在国内的研制尚属首次。在对钴源运输容器的屏蔽设计研制过程中,突破之前的屏蔽设计技术束缚,采用MCAM程序与MCNP程序模拟计算钴源运输容器外的剂量率水平,并在设计过程中及时发现容器存在的设计缺陷,从而进行了设计改进,保证了容器满足国家标准要求的各项设计措施。目前这些设计措施已通过相关的试验验证。结果表明:针对大容量60 Co运输容器的关键技术制定的设计措施合理有效,充分保证了容器在经受国家标准中规定的正常运输条件和运输中事故条件下各项试验后容器屏蔽性能的完整性,确保钴源运输的安全。 相似文献