烧结温度对锰渣制备多孔陶瓷材料的性能影响

以电解锰渣、废玻璃、高岭土、碳粉为原材料,在不同的烧结温度下制备多孔陶瓷材料,研究了烧结温度对多孔陶瓷材料性能的影响。通过XRD、SEM、压缩强度测试、孔隙率测试对样品的物相形貌及性能进行了表征,结果表明烧结温度为900℃的样品,综合性能最好,其抗压强度为11.98 MPa,孔隙率为59.1%。     

高速连铸用保护渣性能研究及建议

概述了高速连铸的特点及对结晶器保护渣的要求，论述了高速连铸保护渣必须保证的理化性能，总结了高拉速结晶器用保护渣的研究现状，提出了今后对高速连铸保护渣研制的工怍建议。     

高速连铸结晶器保护渣

概述了高速连铸的技术特点及其对结晶器保护渣的要求,论述了高速连铸结晶器用保护渣必须保证的理化性能,总结了高速结晶器保护渣的研究现状,并提出了今后对高速连铸保护渣研制工作的建议。     

中碳钢连铸保护渣显微结构的研究

为优化设计连铸保护渣,更有效地满足连铸 生产工艺的要求,采用偏光显微镜和扫描电子显微 镜,针对两种粘度不同的连铸保护渣在不同温度 (1150℃、1200℃、1250℃保温1h和1350℃保温 0.5h)处理后的显微结构进行了研究。结果表明:这 两种保护渣的结晶相主要是枪晶石和硅灰石;低温时 以枪晶石为主,随着处理温度的升高,硅灰石晶体数 量增多,晶体发育程度也越来越明显。粘度低的中碳 钢保护渣,在1250℃时枪晶石晶体发育比较明显,硅 灰石的数量比较少而且发育不完整。粘度高的保护 渣中,枪晶石在1200℃时结晶程度较为明显;而硅灰 石在1200℃时明显出现,数量比较多,且晶体发育较 明显,在1350℃下其结晶程度最为明显。     

氧化钛对含钛不锈钢连铸保护渣性能的影响

针对含钛不锈钢连铸过程结晶器液渣层中TiO2含量明显增加的问题,以配制的含钛保护渣研究了TiO2对不同碱度保护渣的结晶温度、熔化温度、粘度和凝固温度的影响. 结果表明,碱度为0.85时,4.5%的TiO2使渣的结晶温度降低,继续增加TiO2含量,结晶温度不再变化;碱度为1时,随TiO2含量增加,结晶温度先降低后升高,TiO2含量12%时,结晶温度显著升高主要是钙钛矿高温析出造成的. TiO2在0~12%范围增加时,提高了保护渣的熔化温度,降低了保护渣的粘度和凝固温度.     

含二氧化钛连铸保护渣的黏性特征

采用旋转黏度计并借助岩相分析系统探讨了二氧化钛(TiO2)对不锈钢连铸保护渣(mold fluxes,MF)黏性特征影响的作用机制.研究表明:随着TiO2加入量的增加,MF的黏度和凝固温度(θs)先逐渐减小而后迅速增大.在实验条件下,当TiO2加入量(质量分数,下同)为10%时,MF的黏度(1 300℃)和θs达到最小值,分别为0.30Pa·s和1 198℃.当TiO2加入量较小时,TiO2作为网络抑制体可以降低MF的黏度.当TiO2加入量较大时,TiO2促进钙钛矿晶体的析出,使MF的表观黏度增加.TiO2可以抑制MF中枪晶石和硅灰石的生长,促进黄长石和钙钛矿的析出.在实验条件下、1 350℃时,MF的TiO2溶解度大于20%.     

变密宽Cu-W梯度材料的烧结致密化

本论文采用热压烧结方法,选择Zn作为烧结助剂,进行了不同W含量的Cu-W烧结体的低温致密化研究。各烧结体在相同的烧结工艺条件下（1123K,20MPa,1h）相对密度均达到97%以上,在此基础上,成功地制备出了整体致密的Cu-W体系梯度材料,共W含量沿厚度方向在0～25%（质量分数）范围内变化。     

烧结温度对添加镁渣制备陶粒支撑剂性能的影响

采用山西阳泉铝矾土和煤矸石为主要原料,工业废弃物镁渣为添加剂,在1180～1350℃下烧结制备陶粒支撑剂.对比分析各温度下陶粒体积密度,视密度和破碎率的变化趋势,利用XRD和SEM对陶粒的物相及微观形貌进行了表征.探讨了烧结温度对添加镁渣制备陶粒支撑剂性能的影响,同时明确了最好性能陶粒支撑剂对应的最佳烧结温度.结果表明:烧结温度为1250℃时,陶粒支撑剂的体积密度为1.39 g/cm3,视密度为2.84 g/cm3,48 MPa闭合压力下破碎率为6.87％,52 MPa闭合压力下破碎率为8.64％.在该温度下,陶粒的性能较好,烧结致密度很高.     

连铸结晶器保护渣稳态润滑作用的简化数学分析

根据Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程，并作若干简化假设，建立了描述连铸结晶器内保护渣润滑作用的数学模型．结合凝固规律可以预测结晶器保护渣物理性能和连铸工艺条件对润滑层厚度、保护渣消耗量、拉坯阻力和结晶器内传热的影响．     

保护渣对连铸板坯裂纹产生的影响

为了了解保护渣对连铸板坯裂纹产生的影响,在生产实践中研究了结晶器中渣层的厚度、弯液面上渣壳的形成情况以及润滑膜的组织结构,结果得知碱度、牯度、结晶温度正确组合可以防止裂纹发生。     

Improvement on sintering property of the face coat of yttria mould shells for investment casting

In order to explore methods for improving the sintering property of yttria face coat to prevent the thermal spalling phenomenon during investment casting, without significantly increasing the cost,the effects of electrode types in the vacuum furnace and the doping of oxides on the sintering character of yttria face coat at high temperature have been investigated. By contrast with the results of traditionally sintered pure yttria face coat at 1700?℃, the promotion in densification of the yttria face coat of the mould shells by doping La₂O₃ +?ZrO₂ is the most efficacious, whereas doping CeO₂ +?ZrO₂ can impede the densification of the yttria face coat. After sintering at 2000?℃ in a vacuum furnace with graphite electrodes, the yttria face coat can get complete densification, while the yttria face coat shows incomplete densification in a furnace with tungsten electrodes, whatever doped or undoped. But yttria grains in the face coats doped with oxides are larger than those in the un-doped one. Both CaO?+?ZrO₂ doping and MgO + ZrO₂ doping can make greater acceleration of the yttria grain growth than La₂O₃ +?ZrO₂ doping and CeO₂ +?ZrO₂ doping.     

单质Si对含TiO2刚玉制品烧结性能和相组成的影响

以电熔白刚玉、α-Al2O3、锐钛矿和单质Si为原料,固定配料中电熔白刚玉和α-Al2O3的质量分数分别为80%和20%,锐钛矿的外加量为6%,分别外加0、 2%、4%和6%的单质Si,经混练、成型、干燥后在空气气氛中于1550 ℃保温3 h烧成,检测烧后试样的显气孔率、体积密度、耐压强度、抗折强度和线变化率,并采用XRD分析烧后试样的相组成.结果表明在刚玉材料中同时加入锐钛矿和单质Si能降低材料的显气孔率,提高材料的抗折强度和耐压强度,并有钛酸铝和莫来石生成;另外,单质Si对材料中的钛酸铝具有较好的稳定作用,但随着单质Si含量由2%增加至6%,材料中的钛酸铝含量减少,莫来石含量增加.     

Effect of sintering temperature on the ferroelectric property and electrocaloric effect of Pb0.8Ba0.2ZrO3 ceramics

This work presents the effects of sintering temperature ranging from 1200 °C to 1300 °C at intervals of 20 °C on the crystal structure, ferroelectric properties, and electrocaloric effect (ECE) of Pb_0.8Ba_0.2ZrO₃. Samples sintered at 1240 °C, 1260 °C, and 1280 °C have large remanent polarization and small coercive field. Meanwhile, samples sintered at 1260 °C, 1280 °C, and 1300 °C possess large breakdown field strength. Samples sintered at 1260 °C for 4 h exhibit the optimal ferroelectric properties. Antiferroelectricity-ferroelectricity (AFE-FE) phase transition occurs at room temperature T₁ (279 K). Directly examining ECE at this temperature is meaningful, and the temperature change is 0.068 K at approximately 60 °C and 30 kV/cm. Results laid the foundation for studying the performance of ferroelectric and ECE within this phase-transition temperature range and provide a reference for new solid-state refrigeration technology.     

复合烧结剂对高铝质干式料烧结性能的影响

以粒度3～5mm,1～3mm,≤1mm,≤0.088mm的高铝矾土为主要原料,以粒度≤0.1mm的硼酸(H3BO3>99.6%)、粒度≤0.05mm的粘土、粒度≤0.1mm的钾长石和粒度≤0.1μm的硅灰(SiO2>90%)为复合烧结剂,按m(骨料)∶m(细粉)=65∶35的配比配料。将混合料在陶瓷模具中手工捣打成型,将成型好的试样分别在600℃、700℃、800℃、900℃和1000℃下均保温2h后脱模。测量热处理后各试样的耐压强度和显气孔率;采用XRD分析了试样的物相组成。结果表明:复合烧结剂中钾长石和硼酸在中温、低温下具有良好的烧结作用,在700～800℃热处理后,试样耐压强度和显气孔率明显增加。硼酸含量为2%的试样,在800～1000℃热处理后,显气孔率增幅较大。添加硅灰可以降低钾长石烧结温度;而复合烧结剂中的粘土在中温、低温下不利于干式料的烧结,低于800℃热处理后的试样,耐压强度和显气孔率没有随粘土含量增加而变化;900～1000℃热处理后的试样,耐压强度随粘土含量的增加而降低,显气孔率增加不大。     

助烧剂对Al2O3-SiC-C捣打料烧结性的影响

以高铝矾土、棕刚玉为骨料 ,矾土粉、SiC粉、石墨为基质料 ,以磷酸二氢铝和沥青粉为复合结合剂 ,另加少量α Al2 O3微粉 ,制成了Al2 O3-SiC-C捣打料。研究了硅粉、硼酸、SiO2 微粉以及硼酸 SiO2 微粉 4种助烧剂对捣打料烧结性的影响。结果表明 ,这些助烧剂均对捣打料有助烧结作用 ,且有抗氧化作用 ,其中以加入硼酸 SiO2 微粉的复合助烧剂的助烧结和抗氧化作用效果最佳。     

Synthesis and spark plasma sintering of sub-micron HfB2: Effect of various carbon sources

The present work describes a simple process to synthesise HfB₂ powder with sub-micron sized particles. Hafnium chloride and boric acid were used as the elemental sources whilst several carbon sources including sucrose, graphite, carbon black, carbon nanotubes and liquid and powder phenolic resin were used. The carbon sources were characterised using thermogravimetric analysis and transmission electron microscope. The mechanism by which the structure of the carbon source used, affects the size and morphology of the resultant HfB₂ powder was studied; the HfB₂ powders were characterised using X-ray diffraction and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The powder synthesised using powder phenolic resin had a surface area of 21 m² g⁻¹ and a particle size distribution between 30 and 150 nm. This was sintered using SPS to a relative density of 94% of theoretical density (TD) at 2100 °C and 50 MPa pressure without the help of any sintering aids.     

TiO2对烧成镁钙砖烧结性能的影响

研究了两种晶型的TiO2(锐钛矿型和金红石型)作为添加剂对烧成镁钙砖烧结性的影响.结果表明,两种晶型的TiO2都能显著促进镁钙砖的烧结,其中以锐钛矿晶型为添加剂的效果好于金红石型的.XRD分析结果表明,TiO2与CaO反应生成了CaTiO3,这是加入TiO2使镁钙砖烧结性变好的主要原因.     

BN对Al2O3-MgO系浇注料性能的影响

研究了分别添加0,1%,1.5%,3%的氮化硼的Al2O3-MgO浇注料分别在空气和埋炭气氛下于1600℃保温3 h烧成后的物理性能和抗渣性能,借助X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜对材料的物相变化和显微结构进行了分析和观察.研究结果表明(1)在空气中1600℃烧成时,BN氧化生成B2O3并放出N2,B2O3与Al2O3反应生成一定量的过渡液相,促进了浇注料烧结,使浇注料线收缩增大,体积密度升高,显气孔率下降,抗折强度明显提高;而当BN加入量超过1%时,其氧化后形成大量的气孔,阻碍了浇注料的致密化过程,影响了浇注料的上述物理性能.(2)在埋炭条件下烧成时,浇注料中BN不易被氧化,它的存在使浇注料难于烧结,同时,浇注料中引入的镁砂和铝酸钙水泥与氧化铝反应伴随着一定体积膨胀,使浇注料体积密度下降,显气孔率增加,抗折强度下降.(3)在空气和埋炭条件下的抗渣试验发现,当在浇注料中加入1%BN时,其抗转炉终渣侵蚀性能均有较大的提高.但两种试验条件下浇注料抗渣作用机理不同在空气中,BN氧化后形成的过渡液相吸收了生成镁铝尖晶石等反应所伴随的体积膨胀,促进了浇注料烧结,抑制了渣的渗透和侵蚀;而埋炭条件下,浇注料基质中的氮化硼难以被氧化物熔渣润湿,阻碍了渣的渗透和侵蚀,因而使浇注料具有优良的抗渣侵蚀性和渗透性.     

Effect of magnesia-alumina spinel precursor sol on the sintering property of fused magnesia refractory

The sintering property of fused magnesia refractory was investigated by the fused magnesia powder as matrix and the synthetic magnesia-alumina spinel precursor sol as binder. The spinel precursor sol was prepared by co-precipitation method and was characterized by its particle size, thermal analysis, microstructure, phase development with temperatures, and so on. The effect of spinel precursor sol on the sintering property of fused magnesia refractory were studied after heat treatment at 1450?°C and 1550?°C. The results showed that the bulk density, flexural strength and linear shrinkage of the sintered samples firstly increase and then decrease with increasing spinel precursor sol. The bulk density and flexural strength (cold modulus of rupture) of the sample sintered at 1550?°C, introduced with 1?wt% spinel precursor sol, reached 3.10?g/cm³ and 47.25?MPa, respectively. From the experimental results, magnesia-alumina spinel precursor sol can replace the traditional binders and improve the sintering property of fused magnesia products.     

添加剂对锆质定径水口烧结性能和抗热震性的影响

采用粉末成型工艺,以粒度为0.045mm的斜锆石粉和粒度均为0.154mm和0.074mm的MgO部分稳定电熔氧化锆和CaO部分稳定电熔氧化锆为原料,分别加入不同添加剂Y2O3、CeO2和Y2O3 CeO2,在300MPa的压力下成型,并于1720℃烧后制成锆质定径水口试样。结果表明通过合理控制颗粒级配和优化工艺参数,当添加剂中Y2O3和CeO2的含量(w)分别为0.6%和0.4%时,氧化锆的稳定率约为70%,同时可得到显气孔率低,体积密度高,抗热震次数≥5次的锆质定径水口。